scholarly journals ARCHITECTURAL MEMORY AND FORMS OF ITS EXISTENCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-108
Author(s):  
Olena Remizova
Keyword(s):  
Art Nouveau ◽  
Art Deco ◽  
Science Of History ◽  
Language Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Architecture ◽  
Architectural Language ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Knowledge Memory ◽  
Compositional Logic

The article attempts to highlight the traces of memory in the theory, history and practice of architecture. The subject of research is the existing forms of memory in architecture. It is traditionally accepted that the “history of architecture” as a science is the main repository of knowledge about the evolution of architecture. Facts and artifacts, descriptions of monuments and cities are retained in it. The article emphasizes that the traditional “history of architectural objects” is not the only form of memory. Another equally important and complicated aspect of the architectural memory is detected during the decoding of the evolution of project activity and its language. Analysis of the evolution of architecture allowed us to differentiate the epochs in which historical thinking prevails: the Renaissance, Romanticism, Eclecticism, Art Deco, Postmodernism. They are characterized by such ways of thinking as dialogical, historical and typological, historical and associative. They are opposed to design approaches in which abstract thinking dominates (Art Nouveau and Modernism). The article shows that the concept of architectural memory has many shades and manifests itself in a variety of different forms of professional consciousness. As historical knowledge, memory exists in such forms as: a chronological description, science of history, evolutionary studies, catalog of styles, museum, archive. In designing and its language, memory is represented in such forms as canon, dialogue with bygone era, norm, architectural fantasy, remembrance, historical association, reconstruction, restoration and others. It is shown that the most important way of storing and transferring information is the architectural language and compositional logic. Postmodern consciousness raised the problem of loss of memory and the development of architectural language and communication of culture.

scholarly journals Determination of the subject of history of state and law in Russian legal science in the late 1950s – early 1960s

2020 ◽  
pp. 76-87
Author(s):  
Tatiana Yashchuk
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Legal Science ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Science Of History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Historical Comparative

The subject of this research is analysis of the process and key approaches towards determination of the subject of history of state and law of Russia in in the late 1950s – early 1960s, considering the designation of science and academic discipline in this period as “The History of State and Law of the USSR”. The research is based on chronological, institutional, and historical-comparative methods. The chronological method allowed reconstructing representation on the subject of the science of history of state and law of the Soviet Union in historical sequence. The institutional method established the basic framework for discussion the subject of science. The historical-comparative method ensured comparison of different approaches towards understanding of the subject of science. It is determined that the initiators of determination of the subject of history of state and law were the educators of historical-legal disciplines. The author reveals and analyzes the main publications that contain records of comprehension of the subject of science. Characteristic is given to the circle of scholars dealing with the indicated problematic. The authorial approaches are discussed.  The general and peculiar comprehension of the subject of science is demonstrated. The general consists in determination of the subject based on the historical type of state and law, highlighting the significance and specificity of the Soviet state and law. The differences pertain to setting priorities in the subject of science: establishment of general patterns in evolution of state and law, or examination of particular phenomena, processes and institutions in the history of state and law. The acquires results can be applies in the history of legal science. Discourse on the subject of history of state and law that unfolded in the late 1950s – early 1960s was beneficial to the advancement of historical-legal science.

scholarly journals Art deco and avant-garde: the nature of interaction

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Anastasiia Dobrydneva
Keyword(s):  
Technological Progress ◽  
International Exhibition ◽  
Art Deco ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Mass Society ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
History Of Culture ◽  
Cultural Dialogue

The subject of this research is the distinctions between two fundamental trends in art of the XX century – art deco and avant-garde, as well as determination of the nature of their interaction. The object of this research is the original texts of artisans and art monuments belonging to both fields. Special attention is given to characteristics of the specific features of art deco and avant-garde, identification of similarities and differences of the two simultaneously developing stylistic concepts. The author examines the key event for the history of interaction of these two trends, namely the International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts held in Paris in 1925, and criticism that formed views on art of the era of modernism. The scientific novelty consists in examination of the two paramount trends for grasping history of culture of the XX century in the context of their interaction. Since 1966, art deco was not recognized as an in dependent style, but rather closely connected with modernism and patterned on avant-garde. The main conclusion of the conducted research consists in revelation of adaptive cultural mechanism that allowed art deco to overcome a number of problems, among which in underlines the relation to technological progress and mass society. The author highlights that both trends should be viewed in the context of cultural dialogue. First and foremost, they were united by orientation towards modernity and development of innovative language of art.

Architectural History and the Colonial Question: Casablanca, Algiers and Beyond

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 349-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Louis Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Architectural History ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Doctoral Research ◽  
Built Heritage ◽  
Trading Posts ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Architecture ◽  
The Subject

The last decade has seen an explosion of scholarly works dealing with colonial architecture and town planning, a domain previously marginal in the historiography. In any case it has aroused the attention of ever more numerous researchers, a fact that has stimulated this attempt to take stock of it, by drawing on cases studied by this author in his own work. The exploration of colonialism now constitutes a significant field of doctoral research, of studies associated with the identification and protection of built heritage, and tends to mould new images in the history of architecture from the last few centuries. In actual fact, the innumerable works on the twentieth century – the subject here – comprise only a fraction of all the studies concerning nearly five centuries of colonization, if the beginning of the colonial era is identified with the discovery of America and the establishment of the first European trading posts in Africa.

scholarly journals Turning Point at the UNESCO Headquarters. Crossed Influences between Pier Luigi Nervi and Marcel Lajos Breuer

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Martin Fuentes
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Main Mode ◽  
Important Material ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Material ◽  
History Of Architecture ◽  
Architectural Language

The history of architecture is closely linked to the evolution and the use of materials. Concrete was the most important material of the 20th century, becoming the medium for a new architecture. Many different architects not only relied on the use of concrete as their main mode of expression but also got involved in the quest for a new architectural language for the so-called new material. Pier Luigi Nervi and Marcel Breuer are not only among the great architects of the last century, but above all, they are masters of concrete, both developing extensive bodies of work based on the use of the material. Nervi and Breuer worked together in a virtuosic piece of architecture, the building for the UNESCO Headquarters in Paris. Built mainly in concrete and inaugurated in 1958, it occupies a relevant place in the history of architecture. This paper wants to highlight how during that process, both architects underwent a radical change in their careers and in relation to the use of concrete, turning this project in a milestone for the history of architecture as a whole. 

Bookplate design by Stanisław Wyspiański for Lucjan Rydel, kept at the Jagiellonian Library

Res Gestae ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 123-138
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Podniesińska
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Art Nouveau ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Handwritten Signature

The subject of the article is Stanisław Wyspiański’s bookplate design for Lucjan Rydel, drawn by watercolour on grey paper (23,8 x 16,9 cm). As a standing rectangle, it shows symmetrically arranged twigs with flower buds, which resemble magnolias and freesias. e signs that appear next to the twigs, which are painted emerald green and light violet, are Z Księgozbioru (“From the book collection”) as well as Dr (?) LRydla [“Dr (?) LRydel’s”], the latter being the facsimile of a signature. It can be assumed that this drawing was Wyspiański’s present for his friend, gifted sometime in the years 1894–1899. Rydel never made a decision to have it printed, which undoubtedly contributed to its status of being unknown among experts and absent from the topic literature, either printed, handwritten or epistolary. The piece is nevertheless particularly important for the history of Polish bookplates. is seemingly ordinary drawing appears revolutionary when one considers that it shows an emblem shield deprived of the actual emblem, lacks an epic theme, does not have any text, and features art nouveau embellishments as well as a handwritten signature of the owner. It can be compared to the works created already in the first decade of the twentieth century by artists such as Jan Bukowski, Antoni Procajłowicz and Kazimierz Sichulski.

scholarly journals HISTORIAN METHODOLOGY AI-TABARI'S MODEL

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (05) ◽  
pp. 341-349
Author(s):  
Azhar Ahmad Hamdan AL-TAMIMI
Keyword(s):  
Islamic History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Science Of History ◽  
Islamic Religion ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Special Rules ◽  
Islamic Faith ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Islamic Society

Muslims have been interested in the science of history to preserve theirgenealogy, and the news was first narrated verbally, narrated by its owners about those who saw it, participated in it and saw it from other narrators who contacted its early origins through contemporary, and the Muslims ’need for history increased after the migration and took the immigration incident as the beginning of the history of the state of Islam and adopted the lunar calendar. In the Arab months, scholars emerged who were most interested in setting the rules and conditions that must be taken into account when dealing with any historical event.The Islamic approach to dealing with the events of Islamic history stems from Islam’s perception of the universe, life and man. It is based on the pillars of faith in the Islamic religion and is based on an understanding of behavior in the first Islamic society. The works and curricula of historians and researchers are based on adherence to the Islamic faith. Each scientist has special rules and foundations. In the methodology of the research and that the choice of the subject of the research or study must be new that has not previously been touched upon and that it be a problem that has its real existence in the past reality and that it has its meaning and significance in relation to the total historical history and that they seek to collect reliable sources and then work to verify these documents. Imam al-Tabari is considered A note from among the leaders of Muslims who established a sound methodology in tracking news and narrations to verify accidents and traffic.

scholarly journals Collaborative creation between students and teachers for the development of an evaluation gameboard in class.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jairo A. Hurtado ◽  
Yenny A Real
Keyword(s):  
Board Game ◽  
Evaluation Tool ◽  
Game Based Learning ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Architecture ◽  
High Motivation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Creation ◽  
American Architecture ◽  
Teaching Learning

Prehispanopolis is the result of a pedagogical, dynamic and innovative proposal for teaching, learning and evaluation of students through the creation of a board game developed between teacher and students. As part of the activities of evaluation, the students are proposed to create a game that involves the subjects and concepts of the course, and it can later be used as an evaluation tool.The pilot test was conducted in the subject called Arquitectura Hispanoamericana (Hispano-American Architecture) of the Architecture program and limited to pre-Hispanic architecture and urbanism, hence the origin of the name of the game.The main objective in the proposal of the creation of this game is to generate greater motivation and interest in students for learning in classes that have high theoretical content and are passive, monotonous and dense both in its content and in its class methodology. History of architecture meets these characteristics among students, for this reason it was decided to start with the project in this class.Results show a high motivation and participation of the students, both in the development of the game and at the time of being used as an evaluation tool. Likewise, the academic results corresponding to the subjects evaluated with the game were improved.Keywords: Boardgame, game-based learning, gamification, motivation, methodology.

TYPOLOGY OF CHARACTER IN THE ARCHITECTURE OF ART NOUVEAU IN SAMARA

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
V. N VOSTRIKOV
Keyword(s):  
Fine Arts ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Art Nouveau ◽  
Cultural Meanings ◽  
Art Form ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Architecture

This article discusses issues related to architecture and semantics as its Crandalls part. One of the most important aspects of the work of architectural Art Nouveau decor, who was the conductor of cultural meanings and, more than any other art form. Samara modern architectural decoration not only analyzes the phenomenon of architecture and fine arts, but also as a specific cultural text - in all its ambiguity and the associative capacity, contradictory and multidimensional cultural and historical context of the era. Russian Samara Art Nouveau architecture in this work is understood not only as a part of the history of architecture, but also as a form of art that is open to dialogue with others of its species.

The Importance of Tourism in Preserving of Architectonic Zones

2014 ◽  
Vol 1020 ◽  
pp. 722-725
Author(s):  
Luís M. Pinto ◽  
Paulo Carvalho ◽  
Luís País
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Real Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Actual Situation ◽  
Umberto Eco ◽  
Architectural Production ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Architecture ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Day By Day

A building can be a piece of art on the same level as pictures. This notion is argued by many scholars, yet a building designed in a way that can both satisfy practical needs and cause aesthetical pleasure is equal to a painting. The actual situation of the architectural culture, its incongruities and the quantity of architectural production which increases day by day, leads us according to Manfredo Tafuri in his book Theory and History of Architecture, to be facing an unconscious effort. This effort on one hand dictates the death of Architecture and on the other hand the discovery of a new dimension and conception of the architectural application in real life. As referred by Umberto Eco there must be a dialog between the subject and the object. Tourism could give a push into the maintenance of architecture quality, and preserving of architectonic historical zones. So what is the purpose of the tourism realm in the 21st century?

scholarly journals Caminhos possíveis: inovações sobre o estudo de projetos de arquitetura em um trabalho acadêmico

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Gianne Speth ◽  
Samuel Silva de Brito
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
School Buildings ◽  
Collective Work ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Architecture ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Subject Theory

This article deals with a collective work carried out by the students of the subject "Theory and History of Architecture and Urbanism V" of the Course of Architecture and Urbanism of UFSM Campus Cachoeira do Sul. From the analysis of six school buildings, the synthesis of these case studies in an innovative way in a booklet-fanzine that, in addition to seeking dialogue with the entire academic community promoting discussions among students, teachers and administrative technicians, sought the training of reflexive and autonomous students with the capacity to develop higher cognitive processes ranging from analysis to creation.

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