scholarly journals Higher levels of hepatitis C virus RNA found in blood donors co-infected with HIV as compared to HCV mono-infected donors

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (08) ◽  
pp. 1068-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enagnon Kazali Alidjinou ◽  
Donatien Moukassa ◽  
Eben Ebatetou-Ataboho ◽  
Gael Honal Mahoungou ◽  
Jean-Paul Pambou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
High Viral Load ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Sub Saharan

Introduction: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections are public health problems in sub-Saharan countries such as the Republic of Congo. HIV infection could impact the characteristics of HCV infection in co-infected people. We investigated HCV-HIV co-infection among blood donors in Congo. Methodology: Ninety-nine HIV-positive and/or HCV-seropositive blood donors were selected during screening and subsequently tested for aminotransferases and HCV RNA. Results: A total of 29 donors were found positive for HCV RNA (HCV-infected individuals), including 19/60 (31.66%) HIV donors (co-infected) and 10/39 (25.64%) non-HIV donors (mono-infected). Most of the co-infected donors (17/19) displayed a high viral load (> 5 log). The median HCV RNA level was at least 2 logs higher in co-infected people. The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were also slightly higher in co-infected donors than in HCV mono-infected donors. Conclusion: This study reports HCV-HIV co-infection among blood donors in Congo and shows that HCV viral load is higher in HIV donors.

scholarly journals Significant Improvement in Diagnosis of Hepatitis C Virus Infection by a One-Step Strategy in a Central Laboratory: an Optimal Tool for Hepatitis C Elimination?

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa López-Martínez ◽  
Andrea Arias-García ◽  
Francisco Rodríguez-Algarra ◽  
Laura Castellote-Bellés ◽  
Ariadna Rando-Segura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Global Strategy ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Central Laboratory ◽  
Antiviral Therapies ◽  
One Step ◽  
Reflex Testing

ABSTRACT The remarkable effectivity of current antiviral therapies has led to consider the elimination of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, HCV infection is highly underdiagnosed; therefore, a global strategy for eliminating it requires improving the effectiveness of HCV diagnosis to identify hidden cases. In this study, we assessed the effectiveness of a protocol for HCV diagnosis based on viral load reflex testing of anti-HCV antibody-positive patients (known as one-step diagnosis) by analyzing all diagnostic tests performed by a central laboratory covering an area of 1.5 million inhabitants in Barcelona, Spain, before (83,786 cases) and after (45,935 cases) the implementation of the reflex testing protocol. After its implementation, the percentage of anti-HCV-positive patients with omitted HCV RNA determination remarkably decreased in most settings, particularly in drug treatment centers and primary care settings, where omitted HCV RNA analyses had absolute reductions of 76.4 and 20.2%, respectively. In these two settings, the percentage of HCV RNA-positive patients identified as a result of reflex testing accounted for 55 and 61% of all anti-HCV-positive patients. HCV RNA results were provided in a mean of 2 days. The presence of HCV RNA and age of ≥65 years were significantly associated with advanced fibrosis, assessed using the serological FIB-4 index (odds ratio [OR], 5.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.4 to 10.4). The implementation of viral load reflex testing in a central laboratory is feasible and significantly increases the diagnostic effectiveness of HCV infections, while allowing the identification of underdiagnosed cases.

scholarly journals Adherence to a Fish-Rich Dietary Pattern Is Associated with Chronic Hepatitis C Patients Showing Low Viral Load: Implications for Nutritional Management

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3337
Author(s):  
Claudia Ojeda-Granados ◽  
Arturo Panduro ◽  
Karina Gonzalez-Aldaco ◽  
Ingrid Rivera-Iñiguez ◽  
Liliana Campos-Medina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
High Viral Load ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Spontaneous Clearance ◽  
Nutritional Management ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
Few Data

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is influenced by genetic (e.g., APOE polymorphisms) and environmental factors between the virus and the host. HCV modulates the host’s lipid metabolism but dietary components influence lipids and in vitro HCV RNA replication. Few data exist on the role of dietary features or patterns (DPs) in HCV infection. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the nutritional profiles of chronic HCV (CHC) and spontaneous clearance (SC) Mexican patients in the context of APOE alleles and their correlation with HCV-related variables. The fibrosis-related APOEε3 allele prevailed in CHC and SC patients, who had four DPs (“meat and soft drinks”, DP1; “processed animal and fried foods”, DP2; “Mexican-healthy”, DP3; and “fish-rich”, DP4). In CHC subjects, polyunsaturated fatty acid intake (PUFA ≥ 4.9%) was negatively associated, and fiber intake (≥21.5 g/d) was positively associated with a high viral load (p < 0.036). High adherence to fish-rich DP4 was associated with a higher frequency of CHC individuals consuming PUFA ≥ 4.9% (p = 0.004) and low viral load (p = 0.036), but a lower frequency of CHC individuals consuming fiber ≥ 21.5 g/d (p = 0.038). In SC and CHC individuals, modifying unhealthy DPs and targeting HCV-interacting nutrients, respectively, could be part of a nutritional management strategy to prevent further liver damage.

scholarly journals Prevalence of hepatitis C virus genotypes in HIV positive patients referring to the consultation center for behavioral diseases, Sanandaj, Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Amini ◽  
Mazaher Khodabandehloo
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Melting Curve ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Melting Curve Analysis ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Hcv Antibody

Background and Objectives: Co-infection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is in- creasing due to similar transmission pathways. Chronic HCV infection is the most common complication among HIV-infect- ed individuals. Information on the frequency of HCV infection on Iranian HIV-infected individuals is scarce. The aim of this study was the detection of HCV prevalence and genotypes among HIV-infected people in Sanandaj, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, whole blood samples were taken from 185 HIV positive individuals referring to Consultation Center for Behavioral Diseases, Sanandaj, Iran. The ELISA test was done on samples for anti-HCV antibodies. RNA was extracted from only anti-HCV antibody positive samples. An RT-PCR test was conducted to detect HCV RNA. Genotypes of HCV were detected by melting curve analysis by specific primers and probes. Test results and demographic information were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: The mean age of individuals was 39.3 ± 9.4 years. Out of 185 individuals 99 (53.5%) were positive for anti-HCV antibodies. Out of 99 antibody positive individuals, 44 had HCV RNA. Among 44 RNA positive individuals, genotypes and subtypes of HCV were as 26 (59.1%) 1a, 17 (38.6%) 3a and one (2.2%) 4. There was a significant association between an- ti-HCV antibody and demographic variables including, age, gender, occupation, and CD4+ T-cell count (p = 0.0001). Conclusion: The present study reveals that HIV/HCV co-infection is high in the study population. It is recommended similar studies should be done in other HIV infected populations for management of HIV/HCV co-infection

scholarly journals Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) diagnosis, epidemiology and access to treatment in a UK cohort

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Adland ◽  
Gerald Jesuthasan ◽  
Louise Downs ◽  
Victoria Wharton ◽  
Gemma Wilde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Virologic Response ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral

ABSTRACTBackgroundAs direct acting antiviral (DAA) therapy is progressively rolled out for patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, careful scrutiny of HCV epidemiology, diagnostic testing, and access to care is crucial to underpin improvements in delivery of treatment.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study of HCV infection in a UK teaching hospital to evaluate the performance of different diagnostic laboratory tests, to describe the population with active HCV infection, and to determine the proportion of these individuals who access clinical care.ResultsOver a total time period of 33 months between 2013 and 2016, we tested 38,510 individuals for HCV infection and confirmed a new diagnosis of active HCV infection (HCV-Ag+ and/or HCV RNA+) in 359 (positive rate 0.9%). Our in-house HCV-Ab test had a positive predictive value of 87% when compared to repeat HCV-Ab testing in a regional reference laboratory, highlighting the potential for false positives to arise based on a single round of antibody-based screening. Of those confirmed Ab-positive, 70% were HCV RNA positive. HCV-Ag screening performed well, with 100% positive predictive value compared to detection of HCV RNA. There was a strong correlation between quantitative HCV-Ag and HCV RNA viral load (p<0.0001). Among the 359 cases of infection, the median age was 37 years, 85% were male, and 36% were in prison. Among 250 infections for which genotype was available, HCV genotype-1 (n=110) and genotype-3 (n=111) accounted for the majority. 117/359 (33%) attended a clinic appointment and 48 (13%) had curative treatment defined as sustained virologic response at 12 weeks (SVR12).ConclusionsHCV-Ab tests should be interpreted with caution as an indicator of population prevalence of HCV infection, both as a result of the detection of individuals who have cleared infection and due to false positive test results. We demonstrate that active HCV infection is over-represented among men and in the prison population. A minority of patients with a diagnosis of HCV infection access clinical care and therapy; enhanced efforts are required to target diagnosis and providing linkage to clinical care within high risk populations.ABBREVIATIONSDAADirect Acting AntiviralELISAEnzyme linked immunosorbent assayHCVHepatitis C VirusHCV-AbIgG antibody to Hepatitis C virusHCV-AgHepatitis C virus core antigenHCV RNAHepatitis C ribonucleic acid (viral load)MSMmen who have sex with menNATnucleic acid testingPCRpolymerase chain reaction (test for viral load)PPVpositive predictive valuePWIDpeople who inject drugsSDGSustainable Development GoalsSVRsustained virologic responseWHOWorld Health Organisation

Sustained Negativity for HCV-RNA over 24 or More Months by Long-Term Interferon Therapy Correlates with Eradication of HCV in Patients with Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1b and High Viral Load

Intervirology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuji Arase ◽  
Fumitaka Suzuki ◽  
Akihito Tsubota ◽  
Yoshiyuki Suzuki ◽  
Satoshi Saitoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Interferon Therapy ◽  
High Viral Load ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Genotype 1B

Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in patients with COPD

2009 ◽  
Vol 138 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. SILVA ◽  
J. STIFFT ◽  
H. CHEINQUER ◽  
M. M. KNORST
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Copd Patients

SUMMARYSome studies have suggested that chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection may induce an accelerated decline of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1). We performed a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of HCV infection in a sample of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and in a control group of blood donors. The clinical characteristics of HCV-positive and HCV-negative patients were compared. Anti-HCV antibody was determined and confirmed by HCV-RNA. The prevalence of HCV infection in COPD patients was 7·5% (95% CI 6·52–8·48) and in blood donors was 0·41% (95% CI 0·40–0·42). The HCV-positive patients had a lower FEV1 (34·7±8·6%) and a higher BODE index (median=6) than HCV-negative patients (42·7±16·5%, median=4, respectively) (P=0·011 and 0·027, respectively). Our results suggest a high prevalence of chronic HCV infection in patients with COPD in comparison with the blood donors. HCV-positive patients have a more severe disease.

scholarly journals Efficacy and Safety of Elbasvir/Grazoprevir in Hepatitis C Virus GT1- and GT4-Infected People Aged 65 Years or Older

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 233372141881739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Flamm ◽  
Cheng-Yuan Peng ◽  
Oren Shibolet ◽  
Ronald Nahass ◽  
Peggy Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Virologic Response ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Infected People

Background: In elderly individuals aged ≥65 years with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, efficacious and safe HCV therapy is complicated by frequent comorbidities and concomitant medications. The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of elbasvir/grazoprevir (EBR/GZR) in people aged ≥65 years. Methods: This is an integrated retrospective analysis of EBR/GZR administered for 12 weeks in participants with HCV genotype 1 or 4 infection enrolled in 12 Phase 2/3 clinical trials. The primary end point was sustained virologic response 12 weeks after completing therapy (SVR12; HCV RNA below the lower limit of quantification). Results: Most participants aged ≥65 years were receiving ≥1 concomitant medication (322/339; 95.0%) and had ≥1 comorbidity (334/339; 99%). SVR12 rates were 95.3% (323/339) in participants aged ≥65 years and 95.4% (2,041/2,139) in those aged <65 years. Rates of adverse events, drug-related adverse events, serious adverse events, and discontinuations were similar in participants aged ≥65 years and those aged <65 years. In participants aged ≥65 years, median estimated glomerular filtration rate was similar at baseline and at the end of treatment. Conclusion: The efficacy and safety of EBR/GZR were similar in participants with HCV infection aged ≥65 years and those aged <65 years.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C virus genotype and its correlation with viral load in patients from Kathmandu, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 1470-1474
Author(s):  
Bhavesh Kumar Mishra ◽  
Uday Narayan Yadav ◽  
Saroj Khatiwada ◽  
Man Kumar Tamang ◽  
Shivir Dahal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
High Viral Load ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Median Viral Load ◽  
Hcv Genotype ◽  
Hcv Genotypes ◽  
Genotype 3A

Introduction: Knowledge about the distribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype and its correlation with viral load are important for the decision of treatment and the prediction of disease progression, however such information is very limited in Nepal. Here, we investigated the distribution of HCV genotypes and viral load for HCV-infected patients from Kathmandu, Nepal. Methodology: Ninety-six patients with HCV infection and not on antiviral therapy were enrolled from three different medical centers in Kathmandu valley, Nepal. Demographics were recorded and blood samples were collected. Plasma was separated and HCV RNA was extracted. Reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) was performed to measure the viral load, and virus genotype was determined. Results: Genotype 3a (n = 53, 55.2%) was the most prevalent, followed by 1b (n = 19, 19.8%), 1a (n = 18, 18.8%), 5a (n = 3, 3.1%), and mix types (n = 3, 3.1%). The median viral load for HCV genotype 1a was 770,942 IU/mL (IQR, 215,268-3,720,075), 1b was 700,000 IU/mL (IQR, 431,560-919,000), 3a was 1,060,000 IU/mL (IQR, 641,050-6,063,500), 5a was 673,400 IU/mL, and mixed was 6,428,000 IU/mL. A correlation between genotype and viral load was observed (p = 0.02), of which genotype 3a showed a high viral load. Conclusions: HCV genotypes 1a, 1b, 3a, and 5a were identified in Kathmandu, Nepal, and mixed genotype patients were observed in the patients studied. HCV genotype showed a correlation with viral load in patient plasma. This finding may contribute to the treatment and prevention of hepatitis C in Kathmandu, Nepal.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) in Tehsil Batkhela District Malakand, KPK, Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (06) ◽  
pp. 20251-20256
Author(s):  
Mudassir Khan ◽  
Shahrukh Khan ◽  
Shohra Haider ◽  
Fazal Jalil ◽  
Muhsin Jamal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Common Symptom

Background: Prevalence of Hepatitis C viral infection and its major risk factors has been found out in population of Batkhela, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan by taking number of volunteers from the interested area. HCV prevalence has not been researched in recent time here in this area, so that’s why we contributed. Materials and Methods: Ab rapid test cassette serum/plasma (USA) kit has been used for the mentioned purpose following by ELISA and finally PCR to find out active infection of virus. ICT positive individuals were reconfirmed by ELISA and then ELISA positive samples were carefully investigated by RT-PCR for Hepatitis C Virus. Results: The study population was of 770 volunteers belonging to the mentioned area of research, 453 males and 317 females. The overall prevalence was found to be 5.32% of HCV in Batkhela. This prevalence ratio was 3.12% in males and 2.20 % in females. 3rd generation ELISA was used to refine ICT positive samples which showed that 37 of the ICT positive samples had antibodies detected by ELISA. To find out active HCV infection, ELISA positive samples were refined by real time PCR which showed 2.98% of prevalence of active HCV infection in Batkhela based on HCV RNA in their blood. Principle Conclusion: Overall prevalence was found 5.32%, contaminated reused syringes and blades at Barbour’s shop, blood transfusion, surgical operations and unhygienic food in stalls etc were found significant risk factors for acquiring HCV infection. Body weakness and pale yellow skin color was common symptom in HCV positive volunteers. Safe sexual activities, blood screening before donation and sterilizing surgical equipment’s can protect us from Hepatitis C Virus.

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