scholarly journals Pertussis in north-central and northwestern regions of Algeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1191-1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabila Benamrouche ◽  
Hassiba Tali Maamar ◽  
Malika Lazri ◽  
Sonia Hasnaoui ◽  
Abdelkarim Radoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
North Central ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Introduction: Pertussis outbreaks continue to occur in many countries despite high vaccination coverage. Under-diagnosed cases in adolescents and adults may result in increased transmission to infants, who are at risk of severe pertussis. Additional measures to protect both groups should be considered. Methodology: Nasopharyngeal samples and sera were collected from patients and household contacts with clinically suspected pertussis. Diagnoses were confirmed by culture, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and serology. Bordetella pertussis isolates were characterized by antimicrobial sensitivity and fimbrial serotyping. Results: Of 392 participants, 134/248 patients (54%) and 66/144 contacts (45.8%) had confirmed pertussis infections. B. parapertussis was not detected. All B. pertussis isolates were sensitive to the antibiotics tested, and all expressed the Fim3, not the Fim2, fimbrial serotype. Most patients (81.2%) were <6 months (51.8% of whom were <3 months) of age; 77.6% were unvaccinated, and most positive contacts were mothers 20–40 years of age. Conclusions: Despite high vaccination coverage, pertussis is circulating in Algeria. Most infections occur in unvaccinated infants <6 months of age, with mothers as the main source of infection. An adolescent/adult booster should be considered. Adoption of sensitive and specific laboratory tests would improve pertussis diagnosis and surveillance.

scholarly journals Application of a Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for Detection of Proliferative Enteritis-Affected Swine Herds

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia K. Holyoake ◽  
Gary F. Jones ◽  
Peter R. Davies ◽  
Dennis L. Foss ◽  
Michael P. Murtaugh
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Swine Herds ◽  
Age Range

A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was used to confirm the presence of ileal symbiont (IS) intracellularis in 3 swine herds with a history of proliferative enteritis (PE). Two pooled fecal specimens, each comprising 5 individual stool samples, were collected from pen floors to screen for the presence of IS intracellularis and determine the age range of pigs shedding the organism. IS intracellularis was detected in the feces of clinically normal 10–25week-old grower/finisher pigs, indicating that this age range of pigs was the main source of infection for younger nursery pigs. Shedding continued without clinical disease when 10–100 g/ton of tylosin or 10 g/ton of chlortetracycline was added to the feed. PCR testing of pooled fecal samples can be used to identify groups of pigs affected with PE. The results of this study indicate that this PCR assay has the potential to accurately assess the IS intracellularis infection status of swine herds and the association of IS intracellular-is with PE and growth performance.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Polymerase Chain Reaction and Culture for Diagnosis of Pertussis in the Control of a County-Wide Outbreak Focused among Adolescents and Adults

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1216-1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Sotir ◽  
D. L. Cappozzo ◽  
D. M. Warshauer ◽  
C. E. Schmidt ◽  
T. A. Monson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Polymerase Chain

A polymerase chain reaction assay for cucumber mosaic virus in lupin seeds

1993 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Wylie ◽  
CR Wilson ◽  
RAC Jones ◽  
MGK Jones
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Seed Infection ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Routine Testing ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Lupin Seed ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Seed is the main source of infection of narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) crops by cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). The ELISA procedure is currently used for large-scale, routine testing of lupin seed samples, but a more sensitive, reliable and labour-saving assay is needed which detects levels of seed infection as low as 0.1%. A Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using ground dry seed samples was developed for this purpose. Primers based on concensus sequences of eight published CMV coat protein cDNAs (RNA3) of CMV subgroups 1 and 2 were used. The assay involved (1) a reverse transcription step for cDNA synthesis and (2) amplification of a specific fragment (482-501 bp depending on the strain) by PCR. Two methods of extracting virus from infected lupin material were used: (i) a rapid procedure which was effective for samples with higher levels of infection, e.g. infected leaves and 20.5% infected seed; (ii) a phenol-chloroform procedure, which led to greater sensitivity, enabling reliable detection of 0.1% seed infection. It detected CMV in 16 commercial seed samples (0.1-8% seed infection) belonging to seven cultivars from 12 different localities. Both methods were suitable for routine testing of the flour derived from grinding dry seed. On dissection of infected seeds, CMV was detected in the cotyledons and embryo and usually in or on the testa. The PCR assay detected virus from both CMV subgroups, but only subgroup 2 was found in lupin seed samples. The two CMV subgroups can be distinguished by digestion of amplified DNA with the restriction enzyme EcoRI; only CMV strains of subgroup 2 are digested to yield two fragments of size 330 and 170 bp.

An outbreak of hepatitis A in recently vaccinated students from ice snacks made from contaminated well water

2008 ◽  
Vol 137 (3) ◽  
pp. 428-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. ZHANG ◽  
X. J. WANG ◽  
J. M. BAI ◽  
G. FANG ◽  
L. G. LIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
The Public ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Virus Rna ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Mode Of Transmission

SUMMARYOn 30 May 2006, township S in Sichuan Province, China, reported an outbreak of hepatitis A (HA) in students who had recently received HA vaccine. The concern was raised that the vaccine had caused the outbreak. We attempted to identify the source of infection and mode of transmission. A HA case was defined as onset of jaundice or anorexia since 1 April 2006 with a twofold elevation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and anti-HA virus-IgM in a resident of or visitor to the township. Exposures to vaccine and snacks of 90 case-students to those of 107 control-students were compared. Thirty-four per cent of cases ate ice slush compared to 4·7% of controls (OR 4·1), and 51% of cases ate snow cones compared to 17% of controls (OR 8·3). The ice snacks were made with well water. HA virus RNA was detected by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction from patients' blood and well water. Untreated well water poses important dangers to the public in areas where piped, potable water is available.

scholarly journals Genetic tests based on the RT-PCR reaction in the diagnostics of SARS-CoV-2 infection

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-26
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Diagnostic Kits ◽  
Molecular Tests ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Specific Symptoms

INTRODUCTION. Since the SARS-CoV-2 emergence in 2019/2020, at least 158 million infections with this pathogen have been recorded, of which 3.29 million infected people have died. Due to the non-specific symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection, laboratory tests based on RT-PCR (reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction) are mainly used in the diagnosis of COVID-19 disease. AIM. The aim of this study is to compare the molecular tests available on the Polish market for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV2 infection. RESULTS. Based on the data provided by the manufacturers and the performed laboratory analyses, we have shown that the available diagnostic kits differ mainly in the sensitivity and duration of the reaction. CONCLUSION. due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, the indicated parameters are key to effective control of the spread of SARS-CoV2, and therefore should be mainly taken into account when choosing and purchasing by diagnostic centres.

Vivax malaria presenting with cerebral malaria and convulsions

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anupkumar Anvikar ◽  
Dinesh Singh ◽  
Ruchi Singh ◽  
Aditya Dash ◽  
Neena Valecha
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Vivax Malaria ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Enteric Fever ◽  
Blood Smear ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Low Platelet Count ◽  
Polymerase Chain

AbstractA patient was admitted with fever, vomiting, restlessness and convulsions. He was febrile and unconscious. Laboratory tests showed a low platelet count and ruled out enteric fever and dengue. His peripheral blood smear was positive for Plasmodium vivax. The presence of P. vivax monoinfection was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing. The report highlights the importance of considering the possibility of complications even in P. vivax malaria and formulation of strategies accordingly.

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