scholarly journals Interactive Effects of Immunoglobulin Gamma and Human Leucocyte Antigen Genotypes on Response to Interferon Based Therapy of Hepatitis C Virus

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-249
Author(s):  
Howayda E. Gomaa ◽  
Mohamed Mahmoud ◽  
Nevine E. Saad ◽  
Amal S. Saad-Hussein ◽  
Somaia Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Human Leucocyte Antigen ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Hcv Treatment ◽  
Adequate Response ◽  
Immunoglobulin Gamma

AIM: We examined the role that immunoglobulin GM 23 and KM allotypes—genetic markers of γ and κ chains, respectively—play in response to treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Egyptian patients.MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 120 persons who had responded to HCV treatment and 125 with persistent HCV infection were genotyped for the presence of GM23 and KM determinants. HLA –C genotyping was also done.RESULTS: Association of GM 23+ and KM3 was significantly associated with non response to treatment (P < 0.0001). Individuals who lacked this GM genotype (but were positive for KM1,2 and 3) were likely to respond to treatment (P=0.045). Association of heterozygous GM23 (+/-) with KM 1,2 and 3 or KM3 alone was significantly associated with SVR (P = 0.001) and (P = 0.0001) respectively. Particular combinations of HLA and GM genotypes were associated significantly with the response to HCV treatment. The combination of HLAC2C2 and GM23+ was associated with persistence of infection (P = 0.027) while the association of HLAC2C2 and heterozygous GM23+/- was associated with SVR (P = 0.001).The association of HLAC1C1 and heterozygous GM23+/- was significantly associated with SVR (P = 0.001) and also subjects with HLA C1/C2 and heterozygous GM23+/- were likely to respond to treatment (P = 0.003) while subjects with HLA C1/C2 and GM23+ show tendency to resist to treatment (P = 0.0001).CONCLUSION: Our results didn’t support a role for KM allotypes, GM23 allotype plays a role in the persistence of HCV infection in the presence or absence of KM1,3. Interaction between certain GM and HLA-C genotypes may favor adequate response to interferon based therapies.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C Virus Glycan-Dependent Interactions and the Potential for Novel Preventative Strategies

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 685
Author(s):  
Emmanuelle V. LeBlanc ◽  
Youjin Kim ◽  
Chantelle J. Capicciotti ◽  
Che C. Colpitts
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Immune Evasion ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Hcv Treatment ◽  
Entry Inhibitors ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C Virus

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections continue to be a major contributor to liver disease worldwide. HCV treatment has become highly effective, yet there are still no vaccines or prophylactic strategies available to prevent infection and allow effective management of the global HCV burden. Glycan-dependent interactions are crucial to many aspects of the highly complex HCV entry process, and also modulate immune evasion. This review provides an overview of the roles of viral and cellular glycans in HCV infection and highlights glycan-focused advances in the development of entry inhibitors and vaccines to effectively prevent HCV infection.

scholarly journals Chronic hepatitis C virus infections in Brazilian patients: association with genotypes, clinical parameters and response to long term alpha interferon therapy

1999 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leda BASSIT ◽  
Luiz C. DA SILVA ◽  
Gabriela RIBEIRO-DOS-SANTOS ◽  
Geert MAERTENS ◽  
Flair J. CARRILHO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Sustained Response ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Recombinant Interferon ◽  
Genotype 2

The present study assessed the clinical significance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes and their influence on response to long term recombinant-interferon-alpha (r-IFN-<FONT FACE="Symbol">a</FONT>) therapy in Brazilian patients. One hundred and thirty samples from patients previously genotyped for the HCV and with histologically confirmed chronic hepatitis C (CH-C) were evaluated for clinical and epidemiological parameters (sex, age, time of HCV infection and transmission routes). No difference in disease activity, sex, age or mode and time of transmission were seen among patients infected with HCV types 1, 2 or 3. One hundred and thirteen of them were treated with 3 million units of r-IFN-<FONT FACE="Symbol">a</FONT>, 3 times a week for 12 months. Initial response (IR) was significantly better in patients with genotype 2 (100%) and 3 (46%) infections than in patients with genotype 1 (29%) (p < 0.005). Among subtypes, difference in IR was observed between 1b and 2 (p < 0.005), and between 1b and 3a (p < 0.05). Sustained response (SR) was observed in 12% for (sub)type 1a, 13% for 1b, 19% for 3a, and 40% for type 2; significant differences were found between 1b and 2 (p < 0.001), and between 1b and 3a (p < 0.05). Moreover, presence of cirrhosis was significantly associated with non response and response with relapse (p < 0.05). In conclusion, non-1 HCV genotype and lack of histological diagnosis of cirrhosis were the only baseline features associated with sustained response to treatment. These data indicate that HCV genotyping may have prognostic relevance in the responsiveness to r-IFN-<FONT FACE="Symbol">a</FONT> therapy in Brazilian patients with chronic HCV infection, as seen in other reports worldwide.

Role of Anti-Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Treatment in HCV-Related, Low-Grade, B-Cell, Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: A Multicenter Italian Experience

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 468-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Vallisa ◽  
Patrizia Bernuzzi ◽  
Luca Arcaini ◽  
Stefano Sacchi ◽  
Vittorio Callea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Hcv Treatment ◽  
Hematologic Response

Purpose Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is endemic in some areas of Northwestern Europe and the United States. HCV has been shown to play a role in the development of both hepatocellular carcinoma and B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL). The biologic mechanisms underlying the lymphomagenic activity of the virus so far are under investigation. In this study, the role of antiviral (anti-HCV) treatment in B-NHL associated with HCV infection is evaluated. Patients and Methods Thirteen patients with histologically proven low-grade B-NHL characterized by an indolent course (ie, doubling time no less than 1 year, no bulky disease) and carrying HCV infection were enrolled on the study. All patients underwent antiviral treatment alone with pegilated interferon and ribavirin. Response assessment took place at 6 and 12 months. Results Of the twelve assessable patients, seven (58%) achieved complete response and two (16%) partial hematologic response at 14.1 ± 9.7 months (range, 2 to 24 months, median follow-up, 14 months), while two had stable disease with only one patient experiencing progression of disease. Hematologic responses (complete and partial, 75%) were highly significantly associated to clearance or decrease in serum HCV viral load following treatment (P = .005). Virologic response was more likely to be seen in HCV genotype 2 (P = .035), while hematologic response did not correlate with the viral genotype. Treatment-related toxicity did not cause discontinuation of therapy in all but two patients, one of whom, however, achieved complete response. Conclusion This experience strongly provides a role for antiviral treatment in patients affected by HCV-related, low-grade, B-cell NHL.

scholarly journals Immunoglobulin GM and KM Allotypes and Prevalence of Anti-LKM1 Autoantibodies in Patients with Hepatitis C Virus Infection

2006 ◽  
Vol 80 (10) ◽  
pp. 5097-5099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Muratori ◽  
Susan E. Sutherland ◽  
Luigi Muratori ◽  
Alessandro Granito ◽  
Marcello Guidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus Infection ◽  
Autoimmune Phenomenon ◽  
Microsomal Antigen ◽  
Gm And Km Allotypes

ABSTRACT GM and KM allotypes—genetic markers of immunoglobulin (Ig) γ and κ chains, respectively—are associated with humoral immunity to several infection- and autoimmunity-related epitopes. We hypothesized that GM and KM allotypes contribute to the generation of autoantibodies to liver/kidney microsomal antigen 1 (LKM1) in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected persons. To test this hypothesis, we characterized 129 persons with persistent HCV infection for several GM and KM markers and for anti-LKM1 antibodies. The heterozygous GM 1,3,17 23 5,13,21 phenotype was significantly associated with the prevalence of anti-LKM1 antibodies (odds ratio, 5.13; P = 0.002), suggesting its involvement in this autoimmune phenomenon in HCV infection.

Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection With Crushed Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir Administered via a Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Tube

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 522-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Jindracek ◽  
Jennifer Stark
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Treatment ◽  
Endoscopic Gastrostomy ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
Peg Tube

Introduction: Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (Harvoni®) is a fixed-dose tablet indicated for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. There are currently no data available on the safety and efficacy of crushed ledipasvir/sofosbuvir tablets. Case Summary: This report describes the first documented case of successful treatment of chronic HCV infection in a patient crushing ledipasvir/sofosbuvir for administration via a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube. The patient was treatment experienced and had evidence of compensated cirrhosis. Treatment duration was 24 weeks, and HCV RNA was undetectable 12 weeks after completion of treatment (SVR12) which is the accepted measure of a clinical cure. Discussion: Issues may arise during or prior to starting HCV treatment that necessitate crushing tablets. Stopping or interrupting HCV treatment could lead to development of resistance or treatment failure. Conclusion: This is the first published case in which crushed ledipasvir/sofosbuvir administered via a PEG tube is documented as a safe and effective option for treatment of chronic HCV infection.

scholarly journals Progress toward closing gaps in the hepatitis C virus cascade of care for people who inject drugs in San Francisco

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249585
Author(s):  
Ali Mirzazadeh ◽  
Yea-Hung Chen ◽  
Jess Lin ◽  
Katie Burk ◽  
Erin C. Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
People Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Sustained Viral Response ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
P Value ◽  
Hcv Treatment ◽  
Data Tracking

Background People who inject drugs (PWID) are disproportionately affected by hepatitis C virus (HCV). Data tracking the engagement of PWID in the continuum of HCV care are needed to assess the reach, target the response, and gauge impact of HCV elimination efforts. Methods We analyzed data from the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) surveys of PWID recruited via respondent driven sampling (RDS) in San Francisco in 2018. We calculated the number and proportion who self-reported ever: (1) tested for HCV, (2) tested positive for HCV antibody, (3) diagnosed with HCV, (4) received HCV treatment, (5) and attained sustained viral response (SVR). To assess temporal changes, we compared 2018 estimates to those from the 2015 NHBS sample. Results Of 456 PWID interviewed in 2018, 88% had previously been tested for HCV, 63% tested antibody positive, and 50% were diagnosed with HCV infection. Of those diagnosed, 42% received treatment. Eighty-one percent of those who received treatment attained SVR. In 2015 a similar proportion of PWID were tested and received an HCV diagnosis, compared to 2018. However, HCV treatment was more prevalent in the 2018 sample (19% vs. 42%, P-value 0.01). Adjusted analysis of 2018 survey data showed having no health insurance (APR 1.6, P-value 0.01) and having no usual source of health care (APR 1.5, P-value 0.01) were significantly associated with untreated HCV prevalence. Conclusion While findings indicate an improvement in HCV treatment uptake among PWID in San Francisco, more than half of PWID diagnosed with HCV infection had not received HCV treatment in 2018. Policies and interventions to increase coverage are necessary, particularly among PWID who are uninsured and outside of regular care.

Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Treatment as Independent Prognostic Factors in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Egyptian Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 638-645
Author(s):  
Tamer A. Elbedewy ◽  
Hossam Eldin A. Elashtokhy ◽  
Sherief Abd-Elsalam ◽  
Marwa A. Suliman
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Hcv Treatment ◽  
Large B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Egyptian Patients ◽  
Large B Cell

Background: Egypt is one of the highest hepatitis C virus (HCV) endemic areas. Chronic HCV infection has extra-hepatic manifestations, including non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is commonly associated with HCV infection. The prognostic value of HCV infection and HCV treatment in patients with DLBCL remains unclear until now. Objective: The aim of our study is to evaluate the impact of HCV infection and HCV treatment as independent prognostic factors on the event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) in Egyptian patients with HCV associated DLBCL. Methods: This study included 353 patients with DLBCL, collected retrospectively. While 34 patients with HCV who received HCV antiviral therapy were collected prospectively. Patient’s characteristics were collected from the patient records at the time of diagnosis. The status of the patients about HCV infection and HCV treatment were also recorded. Disease progression, relapse, retreatment or deaths were also verified through medical records. EFS and OS were calculated. Results: EFS and OS significantly decrease in HCV infected and HCV non-treated patients when compared with HCV non-infected and HCV treated patients, respectively. HCV infection but not HCV treatment was independently associated with EFS and OS using univariate and multivariate analysis. Conclusion: Hepatitis C virus infection is an independent prognostic factor for EFS and OS in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. HCV treatment is associated with higher EFS and OS but can not be considered as an independent prognostic factor.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C Virus Is Associated With Increased Mortality Among Incarcerated Hospitalized Persons in Massachusetts

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alysse G Wurcel ◽  
Rubeen Guardado ◽  
Curt G Beckwith
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Barriers To Treatment ◽  
Hcv Treatment ◽  
Incarcerated Populations ◽  
Unnecessary Death

Abstract Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is curable, but incarcerated populations face barriers to treatment. In a cohort of incarcerated hospitalized patients in Boston, Massachusetts, HCV infection was associated with increased mortality. Access to HCV treatment in carceral settings is crucial to avoid unnecessary death and to support HCV elimination efforts.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C virus infection and tobacco smoking - joint health effects and implications for treatment of both: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belaynew Wasie Taye
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Hcv Treatment

Background: Tobacco smoking and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection cause many diseases independently. The interaction of these conditions on health effects has not been widely studied. There is a paucity of information on addressing tobacco smoking in HCV treatment settings. This review examines the relationship between tobacco smoking and HCV infection and health outcomes and discusses opportunities for treating both conditions. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA 2009 guidelines (Registration No.: CRD42019127771). We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and CINAHL on the health effects of tobacco smoking and HCV infection using keywords and MeSH terms for hepatitis C, tobacco smoking, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and chronic kidney disease (CKD). We used the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, a measurement tool to assess systematic reviews (AMSTAR-2), and international narrative systematic assessment (INSA) tools to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. Findings: Tobacco smoking and HCV infection share similar underlying risk factors and hence it is unsurprising that tobacco smoking prevalence is higher in people living with HCV (PLHCV) than in the general population. Tobacco smoking and HCV infection have additive or multiplicative interaction to cause HCC, COPD, DM, CVD, and CKD. Anti-HCV direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment is highly efficacious and widely accessible in many countries, but untreated tobacco smoking addiction may undermine the achievement of optimal health outcomes possible from HCV treatment. Interpretation: The scale-up of DAA treatment programs globally is an opportunity to address the high prevalence of tobacco smoking in PLHCV by concurrently offering tobacco smoking cessation treatment. Simultaneous initiation of smoking cessation therapy at HCV treatment centres is likely to be cost-effective at maximizing the health gains afforded by DAA treatment. Studies are needed to evaluate the effect of tobacco smoking cessation on the sustained virologic response in DAA treated patients.

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