scholarly journals The Prevalence of Allergic Rhinitis, Eczema and Asthma in Students of Guidance Schools in Mazandaran Province, Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 619-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Zamanfar ◽  
Javad Ghaffari ◽  
Salar Behzadnia ◽  
Jamshid Yazdani-charati ◽  
Sahar Tavakoli
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Caesarian Section ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Mazandaran Province ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Allergic Disorders

BACKGROUND: Eczema, allergic rhinitis and asthma are common chronic allergic disorders in childhood.AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of common allergic disorders among Iranian guidance schools students in Mazandaran Province, northern Iran.METHODS: This analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 3000 children aged 11‐14 years old during 2012‐13 according to ISAAC study. Of 3000 recruited children 1576 (52.54%) were female and 1424 (47.46%) were male. Data gathered by ISAAC first phase questionnaire analysed by SPSS software 20.RESULTS: The prevalence of wheezing, allergic rhinitis symptoms (sneezing and pruritus) and atopic dermatitis symptoms (pruritus skin lesion) were 30.5%, 30% and 15% respectively. History of pets contact and smoking was positive 6.6% and 36 % respectively. About 52% was born with caesarian section. There was wheezing in 32.5% during sport. The diagnosis of asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema were 12.2%, 28.5% and 15% respectively. Eczema, asthma and allergic rhinitis were significantly more common in boys students (p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study showed that asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema have a high prevalence and they are more common in boys.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Severity and Factors Associated with Dental Caries Among School Adolescents in Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Ndagire ◽  
Annet Kutesa ◽  
Ronald Ssenyonga ◽  
Harriet Mayanja Kiiza ◽  
Damalie Nakanjako ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Tooth Cleaning ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Cleaning Device ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dmft Index

Abstract Dental caries is one of the most prevalent diseases in developing countries. However, there is limited data on the prevalence and factors associated with dental caries in Ugandan adolescents. The purpose of the present study was to describe the prevalence, severity of dental caries and to determine the factors associated with the disease among school adolescents in Uganda. A cross sectional study was conducted at two secondary schools from Kampala (n=197) and Mukono (n=209) districts, Uganda. At both schools, random sampling was used to select the participating classes and the 406 adolescents (11-19 years) eligible to participate in the research. Dental caries was examined using the Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index, and a questionnaire was used to collect other relevant data in form of an oral interview. The data were analyzed using STATA version 12. The data was declared as survey data and all analyses were done with svy command. The prevalence of caries was determined as a percentage of individuals with DMFT score ≥1. Modified Poisson regression models were utilized to assess the association between prevalence, severity of dental caries and independent variables. The overall prevalence of dental caries was 66.0% and mean DMFT score of 2.18±2.67. Dental caries prevalence and severity were significantly (p<0.05) associated with tooth cleaning device, age and history of previous dental visit. There was a high prevalence and severity of dental caries among adolescents, which emphasizes the urgent need to develop and design appropriate interventions to reduce the disease burden.

scholarly journals Sensitization to inhaled allergens in asthmatic children in southern Jordan: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enas M. Al-Zayadneh ◽  
Nedal Awad Alnawaiseh ◽  
Areej Hamed Altarawneh ◽  
Ibrahim Hamed Aldmour ◽  
Eman M. Albataineh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Asthma Control ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systemic Steroids ◽  
The Past ◽  
Allergic Condition ◽  
History Of

Background: Sensitization to inhaled allergens in children with bronchial asthma significantly affects asthma pathogenesis, severity and persistence into late childhood and adulthood. The present study determined the prevalence of sensitization to inhaled allergens in children with bronchial asthma and wheezing episodes in order to investigate the effect of positive sensitization on the severity and control of asthma symptoms and to screen for other associated allergic conditions. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, including children between 6 months and 14 years of age attending the chest clinic of Al-Karak, south of Jordan, between November 2013 and February 2016. Skin prick tests (SPTs) using 11 standardized allergen extracts were conducted in 277 children. The severity of asthma was determined based on the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) assessment and the Childhood Asthma Control Test (C-ACT) in addition to the history of use of systemic steroids and hospital admissions within the past 12 months. Results: Sixty-seven percent of children with bronchial asthma reported sensitization to one or more of the inhaled allergens. The most common allergens were olive pollens (18%), cat fur (13.5%), and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (11.9%). There was a significant increase in allergen sensitization with age (p < 0.001). The most common concomitant allergic condition among children was allergic rhinitis (71.5%); however, allergic conjunctivitis was the only allergic condition that correlated with the skin test reactivity (p = 0.01). A family history of bronchial asthma was confirmed in 40.4% of children. Children with positive SPTs had lower ACT scores and reported more frequent use of systemic steroids and admissions to hospital within the past 12 months; however, this effect was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Sensitization to inhaled allergens is highly prevalent in children with asthma and wheezing episodes in southern Jordan and may be correlated with the severity of the disease. Therefore, appropriate measures to recognize and avoid these allergens are highly recommended. Most children in our study suffered from concomitant allergic rhinitis, indicating that an appropriate diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis could significantly improve asthma control and thus the quality of life of these children.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Oral Leukoplakia in 9954 Central Indian Patients: a Prospective, Cross-sectional Study

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trushna Rahangdale ◽  
Tushar Phulambrikar ◽  
Tanvi Dosi ◽  
Vihang Naphade ◽  
Gauri Barkalle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central India ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Oral Leukoplakia ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
History Of

Abstract Introduction India is one of the leading producers and consumer of tobacco. Additionally, India has one of the highest global prevalence of oral leukoplakia (OL). However, large epidemiological studies from Madhya Pradesh (Central India), the state with maximum consumers of tobacco products in India, are lacking. Objective Thus, we assessed the prevalence of OL among individuals residing in Central India and evaluated its association with age, gender, and history of adverse habits. Methods This was a prospective, cross-sectional study involving 9954 patients visiting the out-patient Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology over a period of 15 months (January 2019 to March 2020). The clinical diagnosis of OL was arrived by exclusion of all the lesions mimicking OL. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the association between OL and age, sex, and history of adverse habits. Results The prevalence of OL was 5.6% (557/9954). It was predominant in males (male-to-female ratio=3.9:1) and increased with advancing age. The odds of developing OL was higher among patients aged ≥50 years (OR=1.08; 95%CI: 1.07–1.08, p-value<0.0001), those with history of smoking tobacco (OR=1.32; 95%CI: 1.05–1.68, p-value=0.02), consuming smokeless tobacco (OR=318.60; 95%CI: 101.68–998.30, p-value<0.0001), and alcohol (OR=1.15; 95%CI: 9.0–1.49, p-value=0.269). Females had lower odds of developing OL (OR=0.77; 95%CI: 0.60–0.99, p-value=0.042). Conclusion We observed high prevalence of OL (5.6%). OL was significantly associated with older age, male sex, and tobacco-related adverse habits. While, alcohol consumption may possibly be a risk factor, no statistically significant relation was observed.

scholarly journals Determining the Prevalence and Types of Nail Involvement in Patients with Severe Acne Vulgaris Who Referred to Clinic of Dermatology of Rasoul-e-akram Hospital During 2010-2011

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Ghasemi ◽  
Gholamhossein Ghafarpour ◽  
Elham Behrangi ◽  
Gelareh Ghaffarpour ◽  
Zahra Azizian
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severe Acne ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nail Involvement

Introduction: Various skin diseases such as psoriasis, lichen planus, and alopecia areata can be associated with structural nail lesions. However nail lesions prevalence in patients with severe acne vulgaris is not determined. This study aimed to determine the frequency and types of nail lesions in patients with severe acne vulgaris.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 235 patients with severe acne vulgaris were included from the clinic of dermatology of RasoulAkram Hospital during the years 2010 and 2011. The patients had no history of treatment for acne vulgaris. Patients initially underwent clinical examination, and severity of acne was determined among them. Demographic characteristics such as gender, age, and blood type, and Nail disorders including brittleness, Onycholysis, and Leukonychia were investigated in these patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18 software.Results:In this study79 patients with severe acne vulgaris (33.6%) had nail involvement and the frequency of nail lesions in this study was as follows: brittle nails 26.8% (63 cases); Leukonychia 18.2% (43 cases); Parrot beaked nails 3.4% (8 cases) and Onycholysis 1.3% (3 cases). Nail disorders in patients with severe acne vulgaris was not associated with sex, blood group, and the severity and distribution of acne lesions. But the lower age of the patients was associated with the incidence of nail disorders.Conclusion: According to high prevalence of nail involvement, especially brittle nails in patients with severe acne vulgaris, investigation and treatment of nail disorders in these patients have a great importance.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Relation between Medications and Demography of Patients Committing Suicide

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Amir Ghaffarzad ◽  
Zeynab Naderi ◽  
Samad Shams Vahdati ◽  
Paria Habibollahi ◽  
Roya Asadollahi
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychiatric Illnesses ◽  
Suicidal Attempts ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Suicidal Patients

Objective: Suicide is a kind of malicious violence, with the most direct and indirect victims of it being women. Since suicide is a repetitive act, it is important to identify the abundance and types of common violence and the factors leading to it. Therefore, this study examined the season and the most commonly used drug among suicide cases referred to Sina Hospital. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on all patients who were admitted to Sina Hospital in Tabriz by suicide detection in 1395. At the beginning of the study, a checklist was designed to collect information from the patients ‘files from the patients’ files. The patients were asked about the age, occupation, educational level, type of drug, visitation period, previous intervention and history of psychiatric illnesses. The outcome of the study was also evaluated in this study. Finally, all information was analyzed using SPSS software version 18 and statistical methods. Results: This study was conducted in one from March 2016 to March 2017, and on the data of 1176 suicides. The mean age of the patients was 30.98 ± 13.03 years and 58.9% were female. 52% were single, 4.8% had a positive history of neurological diseases and 11.4% had previous suicidal experiences, 36.66% had only one occurrence of suicidal attempts. The winter with 33.1% of the most commonly visited seasons and benzodiazepines with 34.9% were the most commonly used drug among patients. Finally, 6.5% of the patients died in the hospital. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that benzodiazepine was the most commonly used drug for suicidal patients, and winter showed the highest suicide rate.

HIGH PREVALENCE OF MALNUTRITON AND WORM INFECTION AMONG VAN KIEU AND PAKOH CHILDREN AGED 12-36 MONTHS IN DAKRONG DISTRICT, QUANG TRI PROVINCE

2012 ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Thi Lan Tran ◽  
Thi Huong Le ◽  
Xuan Ninh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Infection Status ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Group Recommendation ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Very High

Objectives: Assess the nutritional status, worm infection status and some related factors among children aged 12-36 months of Dakrong district, Quang Tri province. Subject and method: A cross sectional study was carried out in 2010, in 680 children aged 12-36 months in 4 communes of Dakrong district, Quang Tri province. Results: The malnutrition rate was 55.0% for underweight, 66.5% for stunting and 16.2% for wasting. The prevalence of malnutrition increases by age group. The prevalence of worm infection was 31.6%, the highest prevalence was belong to Ascaris infection (24.6%), followed by Hookworm and Trichuris (6.5% and 6.2%, respectively). The prevalence of worm infection among children under two is very high (27.0%). The prevalence of worm infection was distributed quite equally between the malnutrition children group and normal children group. Recommendation: Early deworming forchildren from 12 months should be considered as important strategy against the malnutrition of children in Dakrong district, Quang Tri province

scholarly journals Prevalence of MDR organism (MDRO) carriage in children and their household members in Siem Reap Province, Cambodia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shweta R Singh ◽  
Bunsoth Mao ◽  
Konstantin Evdokimov ◽  
Pisey Tan ◽  
Phana Leab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Final Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Siem Reap ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background The rising incidence of infections caused by MDR organisms (MDROs) poses a significant public health threat. However, little has been reported regarding community MDRO carriage in low- and middle-income countries. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in Siem Reap, Cambodia comparing hospital-associated households, in which an index child (age: 2–14 years) had been hospitalized for at least 48 h in the preceding 2–4 weeks, with matched community households on the same street, in which no other child had a recent history of hospitalization. Participants were interviewed using a survey questionnaire and tested for carriage of MRSA, ESBL-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) by culture followed by antibiotic susceptibility testing. We used logistic regression analysis to analyse associations between collected variables and MDRO carriage. Results Forty-two pairs of households including 376 participants with 376 nasal swabs and 290 stool specimens were included in final analysis. MRSA was isolated from 26 specimens (6.9%). ESBL-producing Escherichia coli was detected in 269 specimens (92.8%) whereas ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated from 128 specimens (44.1%), of which 123 (42.4%) were co-colonized with ESBL-producing E. coli. Six (2.1%) specimens tested positive for CPE (4 E. coli and 2 K. pneumoniae). The prevalence ratios for MRSA, ESBL-producing E. coli and ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae carriage did not differ significantly in hospital-associated households and hospitalized children compared with their counterparts. Conclusions The high prevalence of ESBL-E across both household types suggests that MDRO reservoirs are common in the community. Ongoing genomic analyses will help to understand the epidemiology and course of MDRO spread.

scholarly journals Prevalence of urogenital, anal, and pharyngeal infections with Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Mycoplasma genitalium: a cross-sectional study in Reunion island

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Calas ◽  
N. Zemali ◽  
G. Camuset ◽  
J. Jaubert ◽  
R. Manaquin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Urogenital Infection ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Background Recommendations for sexually transmitted infection (STI) screening vary significantly across countries. This study evaluated the prevalence of urogenital and extragenital infections with Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) in patients visiting a French STI clinic in the Indian Ocean region to determine whether current STI screening practices should be updated. Methods This cross-sectional study examined all patients who visited the STI clinic between 2014 and 2015. Triplex polymerase chain reaction screening for CT, NG, and MG was performed on urine, vaginal, pharyngeal, and anal specimens (FTD Urethritis Basic Kit, Fast Track Diagnostics, Luxembourg). Results Of the 851 patients enrolled in the study, 367 were women (367/851, 43.2%) and 484 were men (484/851, 56.0%). Overall, 826 urogenital specimens (826/851, 97.1%), 606 pharyngeal specimens (606/851, 71.2%), and 127 anal specimens (127/851, 14.9%) were taken from enrolled patients. The prevalence of urogenital CT and MG was high in women ≤25 years (19/186, 10.21%; 5/186, 2.69%) and in men who have sex with women ≤30 years (16/212, 7.54%; 5/212, 2.36%). Among patients with urogenital CT infection, 13.7% (7/51) had urethritis. All patients with urogenital MG infection were asymptomatic. Men who have sex with men had a high prevalence of pharyngeal CT (2/45, 4.44%) and NG (3/44, 6.81%) and a high prevalence of anal CT (2/27, 7.41%), NG (2/27, 7.40%), and MG (1/27, 3.70%). After excluding patients with concomitant urogenital infection, extragenital infections with at least 1 of the 3 pathogens were found in 20 swabs (20/91, 21.9%) taken from 16 patients (16/81, 19.7%), all of them asymptomatic. Conclusions Routine multisite screening for CT, NG, and MG should be performed to mitigate the transmission of STIs in high-risk sexually active populations.

scholarly journals Healthcare Workers’ Perspectives on the Upcoming COVID-19 Vaccine in Terms of Their Exposure to the Influenza Vaccine in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 465
Author(s):  
Leena R. Baghdadi ◽  
Shatha G. Alghaihb ◽  
Alanoud A. Abuhaimed ◽  
Dania M. Alkelabi ◽  
Rawan S. Alqahtani
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Seasonal Influenza Vaccine ◽  
History Of

In 2019, a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)) caused a global pandemic. There was an urgent need to develop a vaccine against COVID-19 to reduce its spread and economic burden. The main objective of this study was to understand the attitudes and concerns of healthcare workers (HCWs) towards the upcoming COVID-19 vaccine, whether their decision was influenced by their history of taking the seasonal influenza vaccine, and factors that influence the acceptance of the upcoming COVID-19 vaccine. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. We selected and surveyed 356 HCWs via an electronic self-administered questionnaire. A total of 61.16% of HCWs were willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, and 55.9% of them had received the seasonal influenza vaccine in the preceding year (2019–2020). The strongest predictors for taking the COVID-19 vaccine were the HCWs’ belief that the COVID-19 vaccine would be safe, needed even for healthy people, that all HCWs should be vaccinated against COVID-19, and that HCWs will have time to take the vaccine. Being female, being middle aged, having <5 years of work experience, having no fear of injections, and being a non-smoker were predictive factors for taking the upcoming COVID-19 vaccine. No associations were found between the intention to take the COVID-19 vaccine and a history of taking the seasonal influenza vaccine.

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