scholarly journals The Relationship between Concordance Behaviour with Treatment Compliance and Quality Of Life of Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Medan

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1536-1539
Author(s):  
Pandiaman Pandia ◽  
Tamsil Syafiuddin ◽  
Adang Bachtiar ◽  
Kintoko Rochadi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment ◽  
Good Compliance ◽  
Good Concordance ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND: Indonesia is the country with the second highest number of tuberculosis in the world. Patient compliance with tuberculosis treatment is still very low. Thus the success rate of treatment is also unsatisfactory. Concordance behaviour is a model of the doctor-patient relationship that combines aspects of the partnership, sharing decision making and trust. It is considered better than adherence to improve compliance and quality of life in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. AIM: This study aims to assess the relationship between concordance and the level of adherence to pulmonary tuberculosis treatment along with the quality of life in Medan. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 259 tuberculosis patients from several clinics and hospitals in Medan from 2015 to 2017, by asking patients to fill out questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability first. The concordance behaviour questionnaire contains 56 questions covering aspects of knowledge, partnership, sharing decision making, trust, and support. While compliance was measured by 14 questions covering attitude and behaviour. Statistical analysis was performed by Chi-Square test in SPSS v20. RESULTS: This study shows that most TB patients (75.7%) have a good concordance, in which the aspect of knowledge, partnership, sharing and support were all good. However, the component of trust in the most patient (75.7%) was still low. Based on the level of compliance, 84.2% of patients had good compliance. However, the level of behaviour in 55.2% of patients was still low. Statistical analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between concordance and compliance (p = 0.009), in which patient with good concordance had 2.6 higher probability for good compliance. However, there was no significant association between concordance and quality of life (p = 0.63). CONCLUSION: Concordance behaviour is a good concept to be applied to improve treatment compliance of pulmonary TB patients.

scholarly journals International Migration Decision-Making: The Peculiar Case of New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Aidan Tabor
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Decision Process ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Migration Decision ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Peculiar Case

<p>New Zealand is a peculiar case because it has both high immigration (roughly 23% born abroad) and high emigration (24% of highly skilled New Zealanders live overseas). Within this context, the purpose of this research is to a) examine why some people selfselect to migrate internationally and others do not, b) explore how people make a decision to leave their country of origin, c) investigate how they select a destination, and d) consider how insights learned can contribute to Naturalistic Decision Making (NDM) theory of how decisions are made in the real world. In the first study, three of the largest immigrant source countries were selected for inclusion: United Kingdom/Ireland (with higher wages than New Zealand), South Africa (similar wages), and India (lower wages). Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with 20 pre-departure and 26 post-arrival migrants to New Zealand. A thematic analysis was conducted separately for each country’s data, resulting in a total of 1564 coded extracts in 43 themes and subthemes. The findings support the view that the migration decision process contains three decisions: whether to go, where to go and when to go. Regarding the question of whether to go, Indian and British participants had very similar reasons for leaving their country of origin: lifestyle and work/life balance, opportunities for work and children, and environment. South Africans were overwhelmingly concerned with quality of life, particularly safety. New Zealand was selected as a destination of choice due to quality of life, climate, accessibility of nature, cultural similarity, career opportunities, visa process transparency and the perception that migrants were wanted. On the question of when to go, unlike much of the decision-making in the research literature, this decision process was a negotiation between partners that occurred over a long period of time, quite often years. The second study explored individual differences, such as personality characteristics, in the international mobility intentions of New Zealanders. In a sample of 205 adults born and currently living in New Zealand, 38.5% were planning to move abroad. Using logistical regression techniques, it was found that higher persistence, openness to experience, extraversion, and promotion focus all increased the chances that a participant was planning departure. Higher agreeableness and conscientiousness lowered the odds of a move. Gender moderated the relationship between sensation seeking and intention to migrate, with women’s decision being influenced to a greater extent than men’s by sensation seeking. Also, gender moderated the relationship between emotional stability and intention to migrate, as men who were lower in emotional stability were more likely to leave. The implications from this research include the following NDM-based assumptions: migration decision-making is a process driven by individual differences, occurs over time, has multiple decision-makers, exists within a social (family) context, has real consequences for the parties involved, is bound by cultural norms, takes place in a dynamically-changing environment (including immigration policy changes, life-stage, family health and resources changes), and is the expression of goals that may change during the process.</p>

Poczucie samotności jako czynnik warunkujący jakość życia osób powyżej 65. roku życia

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Józef Nowicki ◽  
Magdalena Młynarska ◽  
Barbara Ślusarska ◽  
Kinga Jabłuszewska ◽  
Agnieszka Bartoszek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Life Assessment ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Quality Of Life Assessment ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Loneliness Scale ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction. Loneliness is a universal phenomenon; timeless, supra-cultural, ahistorical, present in the life of every human being and it has become one of the signs of present times. According to the theory of withdrawals, the elderlies slowly retreat from social life and social roles hitherto performed, making themselves vulnerable to loneliness and isolation. Aim. Assessment of loneliness and selected determinants concerning loneliness and the evaluation of the relationship between a sense of loneliness and the quality of life among people over 65 years of age. Material and methods. The study was conducted in a group of 100 people over 65 years of age living in the Lublin province. The questionnaire consisted of two standardized research tools: De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale and instruments assessing quality of life WHOQOL-AGE. Results. The average result on the loneliness scale in the study group of people over 65 was 27.62 points out of 55 possible to obtain. The sociodemographic variables determining the level of loneliness in the study group were: age, marital status and the number of people living in the household (p < 0.05). The average value of the quality of life of the respondents was 64.45 points. (SD = 13.47). Statistical analysis of the relationship between quality of life and sense of loneliness showed significant strong negative correlations at the level of p < 0.001. Conclusions. The sense of loneliness is a strong determinant of the quality of life assessment in people over 65.

Statistical methods in psychiatric epidemiology 1: a statistician's perspective

2003 ◽  
pp. 255-274
Author(s):  
Michael E. Dewey
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Psychiatric Epidemiology ◽  
Binary Outcomes ◽  
Real Dataset ◽  
Almost Everywhere ◽  
The Relationship

In this chapter we shall look at methods of statistical analysis used in psychiatric epidemiology. We shall focus on the issues which arise in trying to make sense of a small real dataset. We assume that readers are already familiar with the concepts of confidence interval, means, correlations, and odds ratios. What makes statistical analysis in psychiatric epidemiology different? We have given more space to methods dealing with measures than would be usual in a general text on epidemiology. This is quite deliberate. What makes psychiatric epidemiology different is the emphasis on measurement. By contrast most outcomes in medical statistics were historically binary (usually dead vs. alive). This is beginning to change (note for instance the increased interest in measuring quality of life almost everywhere). Of course psychiatry as a branch of medicine has used the concept of diagnosis freely, and so naturally we also include methods for handling such binary outcomes. We start by discussing methods for predicting an outcome, whether a measurement or a binary outcome. We then discuss a group of methods used for exploring the relationship between groups of variables where there is no single outcome.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DECISION-MAKING HEURISTICS AND PERCEIVED QUALITY OF LIFE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-99
Author(s):  
Nahid Unkic ◽  
◽  
Jasmina Okicic ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Perceived Quality ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Perceived Quality Of Life ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this research is to provide some insights into relationship between decisionmaking heuristics and perceived quality of life. Using the purposive sampling technique, data collection was carried out, in Bosnia and Herzegovina, from June to October 2020, yielding a sample of 319 valid responses. To gain a better understanding of the relationship between decision-making heuristics and the perceived quality of life, we, primarily, use descriptive statistical analysis, chi-square test and probit regression model. The research findings have revealed positive association between all three decision-making heuristics, i.e. representativeness, anchoring, availability, and perceived quality of life. Furthermore, the group with above-average perceived quality of life have higher representativeness, anchoring, and availability scores comparing to the group with below-average perceived quality of life. These differences are statistically significant. Furthermore, out of three decision-making heuristics components, availability, or a heuristic whereby people make judgments about the likelihood of an event based on how easily a similar example comes to mind, seems to be the strongest predictor of the perceived quality of life. Memories that are easily recalled are often insufficient for estimating likelihood of occurring similar events again in the future. In that respect, availability may produce low-quality information in the decision making process. Ultimately, this may lead to bad decisions.

scholarly journals Statistical analysis and assessment of influence of an ecological state of environment on human health and quality of life

2013 ◽  
pp. 30-32
Author(s):  
I. Kovalevska
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
State Of The Environment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Statistical Indicators

This article analyzed the relationship of environmental and social conditions of production based on the integrated use of a system of statistical indicators of the natural ecological state of the environment and of morbidity of the population.

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