Efficacy of Skin, Connective Tissue, Aponeurosis Galea, Loose Areolar Tissue, and Pericranium Acupuncture Techniques in Stroke Patients in Improving Muscle Strength of Motion Limbs

BACKGROUND: Nowadays, more than 650,000 stroke survivors needed further therapy and treatment related to mild or severe relief caused by stroke. Defects that cause stroke lesions require more serious and longer handling and will be very burdensome for patients and health insurance. Acupuncture method in the head skin, connective tissue, aponeurosis galea, loose areolar tissue, and pericranium (SCALP) was known to be related to the function of the cerebral cortex known as Zhu’s scalp acupuncture. Stimulation on this point was believed can open blood vessels, and provides better blood flow so it could improve repair in stroke patient. AIM: This research aimed to prove the effectivity of needle sticking on SCALP to strengthen limb muscle in stroke patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This research used a quasi-experimental design, pre-test-post-test without control group. The subjects of this study were stroke patients who were in the recovery phase (after the critical period had passed) and who had an stroke attack <1 year. Sampling method of this study was consecutive sampling, namely, recovery post-stroke patients who were hospitalized or outpatient of all over hospitals in Palembang, Indonesia. In this study, needle pricking was performed in the cerebral motor cortex which is located in the anterior central sulcus. Stimulation is done 10 times for 2 weeks. Assessment of muscle strength in the upper and lower limbs was performed using manual muscle testing measurement before and after therapy. Analysis of muscle strength before and after cerebral cortex stimulation through needle pricking on the SCALP of the head was analyzed by t-test dependent using SPSS 18. Data were displayed in tabular form, with a significance of p < 0.05. RESULTS: Subjects of this study were eight people consisting of four men (50%) and four female patients (50%) who had passed the critical stroke and were in the recovery phase within a period of recovery <1 year after stroke attack. The number of subjects who experienced improvement in joint motion of each joint was much greater than the frequency of the number of subjects who had no improvement. About 90% of the study subjects felt improvement in joint motion of each joint. The improvement in muscle strength score almost doubled after being treated with SCALP acupuncture better than before treatment. CONCLUSION: SCALP acupuncture technique was effective in improving muscle strength of motion limbs on stroke patients.

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Grip strength after forearm cooling in healthy subjects

Fisioterapia em Movimento ◽

10.1590/1980-5918.029.004.ao04 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 685-692 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pedro Henrique Reis Rabelo ◽

Kárenn Klycia Pereira Botelho ◽

Franassis Barbosa de Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Ambient Temperature ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Skin Surface ◽

Recovery Phase ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Before And After ◽

Maximum Grip Strength ◽

Ice Water

Abstract Introduction: Muscle strength has shown different responses to the cooling of neuromuscular tissue and its behavior is still unclear. Objective: To verify the behavior of maximum grip strength before and after forearm cooling. Methods: The cooling intervention consisted of immersing the forearm up to the elbow in water cooled to 10° C. Grip strength was assessed using a dynamometer prior to cooling, immediately after immersion, and at 5, 10 and 30 minutes of forearm exposure to ambient temperature (recovery phase) concomitantly to measurement of skin surface temperature. The sample consisted of 30 healthy individuals. Results: Grip strength decreased significantly (p < 0.05) between the period prior to cooling and all the time intervals following immersion in ice water. There was also a gradual increase in grip strength during the recovery phase, with significant differences (p < 0.05) between the mean immediately after immersion and means at 5, 15 and 30 minutes after exposure to ambient temperature. Conclusion: The results indicate that immersion in ice water (10ºC) for 15 minutes significantly reduced (p < 0.05) grip strength for up to 30 minutes after forearm cooling. Strength also recovered progressively after removal of the cold stimulus. Further research is needed to obtain definitive results regarding the effects of cooling on muscle strength in healthy individuals.

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PENGARUH RANGE OF MOTION TERHADAP KEKUATAN OTOT PADA PASIEN STROKE ISKEMIK DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM HKBP BALIGE

Indonesian Trust Health Journal ◽

10.37104/ithj.v3i1.48 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 278-282

Author(s):

Rika Elvriede Hutahaean ◽

Muhammad Taufik Daniel Hasibuan

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Range Of Motion ◽

Recovery Period ◽

Population Data ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Blood Clots ◽

Before And After ◽

Motion Range

Ischemic stroke is a disruption of blood supply to the brain which results in stoppage of blood flow and blood clots that cause atherosclerosis. Ischemic stroke patients can be given training or therapy to help maintain or increase muscle strength with range of motion. Range of motion is usually given during the recovery period or when the patient's condition has improved with a frequency of twice a day in 10-15 minutes. This study aims to determine the effect of range of motion on muscle strength in Balige HKBP General Hospital. This type of research uses one group pretest-posttest and the sample used in this study amounted to 30 people, and the total sampling used in sampling techniques in the population. Data collection was carried out by questionnaire, observation and interview as well as data testing which was carried out using the Wilcoxon test. From the test results obtained a significant effect of 0,000. That is, there are differences in muscle strength before and after given the range of Motion. This proves that Range of Motion affects the increase in respondent's limb muscle strength. The hospital is expected to make an SPO in the handling of rehabilitation of ischemic stroke patients to maintain and increase muscle strength. Abstrak Penyakit stroke iskemik merupakan terganggunya pasokan darah ke otak yang mengakibatkan berhentinya aliran darah dan terjadi pembekuan darah sehingga menyebabkan aterosklerosis. Pasien stroke iskemik dapat diberikan latihan atau terapi untuk membantu mempertahankan atau meningkatkan kekuatan otot yaitu dengan range of motion. Range of motion biasanya diberikan pada masa pemulihan atau pada saat kondisi pasien sudah membaik dengan frekuensi dua kali sehari dalam waktu 10-15 menit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh range of motion terhadap kekuatan otot di RSU HKBP Balige. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan one group pretest-postest dan sampel yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 30 orang, serta total sampling dipakai dalam teknik pengambilan sampel pada populasi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kusioner, observasi dan wawancara serta uji data yag dilakukan dengan uji Wilcoxon. Dari hasil uji didapatkan pengaruh yang signifikan sebesar 0.000. Artinya, terdapat perbedaan kekuatan otot sebelum dan sesudah diberikan range of Motion. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa Range of Motion berpengaruh pada peningkatan kekuatan otot ekstremitas responden. Rumah Sakit diharapkan membuat suatu SPO dalam penanganan rehabilitasi pasien stroke iskemik untuk mempertahankan dan meningkatkan kekuatan otot.

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Camera-Based Mirror Visual Input for Priming Promotes Motor Recovery, Daily Function, and Brain Network Segregation in Subacute Stroke Patients

Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair ◽

10.1177/1545968319836207 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 307-318 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Li Ding ◽

Xu Wang ◽

Shugeng Chen ◽

Hewei Wang ◽

Jing Tian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Functional Independence ◽

Brain Network ◽

Motor Recovery ◽

Clustering Coefficient ◽

Manual Muscle Testing ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Muscle Testing ◽

Subacute Stroke ◽

Before And After ◽

Daily Function

Background. Camera technique–based mirror visual feedback (MVF) is an optimal interface for mirror therapy. However, its efficiency for stroke rehabilitation and the underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear. Objective. To investigate the possible treatment benefits of camera-based MVF (camMVF) for priming prior to hand function exercise in subacute stroke patients, and to reveal topological reorganization of brain network in response to the intervention. Methods. Twenty subacute stroke patients were assigned randomly to the camMVF group (MG, N = 10) or a conventional group (CG, N = 10). Before, and after 2 and 4 weeks of intervention, the Fugl-Meyer Assessment Upper Limb subscale (FMA_UL), the Functional Independence Measure (FIM), the modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), manual muscle testing (MMT), and the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) were measured. Resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) signals were recorded before and after 4-week intervention. Results. The MG showed more improvements in the FMA_UL, the FMA_WH (wrist and hand), and the FIM than the CG. The clustering coefficient (CC) of the resting EEG network in the alpha band was increased globally in the MG after intervention but not in the CG. Nodal CC analyses revealed that the CC in the MG tended to increase in the ipsilesional occipital and temporal areas, and the bilateral central and parietal areas, suggesting improved local efficiency of communication in the visual, somatosensory, and motor areas. The changes of nodal CC at TP8 and PO8 were significantly positively correlated with the motor recovery. Conclusions. The camMVF-based priming could improve the motor recovery, daily function, and brain network segregation in subacute stroke patients.

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THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE ACUPUNCTURE REDUCING POINT ON THE IMPROVEMENT OF MUSCULAR STRENGTH OF STROKE PATIENTS

Nurse and Holistic Care ◽

10.33086/nhc.v1i1.2115 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 39-47

Author(s):

Dodik Hartono ◽

Deny Prasetyanto ◽

Ainul Yaqin Salam ◽

Erna Handayani ◽

Grido Handoko Sriyono ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Acupuncture Meridian

Background: Stroke is a disease caused by disruption of blood flow to areas of the brain that are blocked in the cerebral or cervical arteries which result in decreased or even loss of function controlled by brain tissue. One of the effects caused by stroke is hemiparesis. Rehabilitation therapy plays an important role in a comprehensive restoration of bodily functions due to stroke, this program aims to restore function to reduce disability, one of the treatments is to use acupuncture meridian points. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of acupuncture meridian points in increasing muscle strength in stroke patients. Methods: The research design used in this study was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design. The number of samples of all stroke patients at the Holistic nursing therapy clinic in Probolinggo and the Healer School Jember Clinic that met the inclusion criteria from October 2020 to March 2021 were 270 respondents. Data collection techniques used observation sheets to assess muscle strength before and after the intervention of acupuncture meridian points in stroke patients. Data analysis used was the Wilcoxon test with a statistical significance value accepted if p <0.05. Results: The results of the data analysis of the intervention group showed a significant value of hand muscle strength (p 0.003; α 0.05) and leg (p 0.005, α 0.05) where (p <0.05) it can be concluded that there is a significant difference in strength. A muscle in the intervention group before and after being given acupuncture. The findings of this study suggest that there is a significant effect of acupuncture on lower and upper muscle strength. Conclusion: In general, the use of acupuncture meridian points can increase muscle strength in stroke patients, so the use of acupuncture meridian points can provide benefits for restoring muscle strength in stroke patients.

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ENGARUH RANGE OF MOTION (ROM) PASIF TERHADAP KEKUATAN OTOT PADA PASIEN STROKE DENGAN PENURUNAN KESADARAN DI RUANG HCU IGD RSUD Dr. MOEWARDI DI SURAKARTA TAHUN 2012

KOSALA : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan ◽

10.37831/jik.v3i1.39 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sri Mulyanti

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Range Of Motion ◽

Muscle Power ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Critical Conditions ◽

Power Stroke ◽

Loss Of Consciousness ◽

Treatment Technique ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Before And After

AbstractIntroduction: Each year, approximately 15 million people worldwide have a stroke. In Indonesia based on the census of population and demography Indonesia (SKDI) in 2010 as many as 3.6 million per year with a prevalence of 8.3 per 1,000 population. Stroke is a neurological disease that appeared suddenly in a short time. One of the clinical manifestations of the most common is hemiparese. Complications hemiparese in muscles and joints is muscle atrophy and joint contractures. One treatment technique to prevent these complications is the Range Of Motion (ROM) passive exercise.Objective: (1) Identify the characteristics of stroke patients with loss of consciousness (2) Identify the muscle power stroke patients with loss of consciousness (3) to analyze the influence Range Of Motion (ROM) of the passive muscle strength in stroke patients with loss of consciousness. Method: This research is quasy experiment with design one-group pretestposttest design. The population in this study were 13 stroke patients with critical conditions in Space High Care Unit Hospital Dr Moewardi in Surakarta. Samples were taken by sampling saturated. Data were analyzed with the Wilcoxon or Z test using SPSS for windows 16 series.Result: (1) The muscle strength before passive ROM was 11 people (68.8%) is trace, 5 people (31.2%) is poor, and of zero muscle strength, fair, good, and normally does not exist. (2) Muscle strength stroke after passive ROM is 7 (43.8%) of respondents with poor muscle strength scale, 9 people (56.2%) fair, and scale of zero muscle strength, trace, good, and normally there is not exist(0%). (3) The results of the statistical Wilcoxon or Z test significance value (p) of 0000 which means that there are differences in muscle strength scale before and after passive Range Of Motion. (ROM) patients with loss of consciousness. Conclusion: Range Of Motion (ROM) is effective for improving muscle strength for stroke patients with loss of consciousness in H ospital Dr Moewardi Surakarta Keywords: Stroke, Hemiparese, Range Of Motion

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Pengaruh Latihan Range Of Motion (ROM) Menggenggam Bola Terhadap Kekuatan Otot Ekstremitas Atas Pasien Stroke Iskemik

Jurnal Sehat Mandiri ◽

10.33761/jsm.v14i2.151 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 79-86

Author(s):

Hendri Budi ◽

Netti Netti ◽

Yossi Suryarinilsih

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Range Of Motion ◽

Design Research ◽

Nursing Intervention ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

Manual Muscle Testing ◽

P Value ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Muscle Testing

Stroke causes motor hemiparise disorders or weakness. Nursing intervention to overcome this is by doing range of motion (ROM) exercises grasping the ball. The purpose of the study was to identify the effect of ROM-grasping ball exercises on the strength of limb muscles for ischemic stroke patients. Quasi-experimental research type, one group pre-post test design. Research in the Neuro Ward Dr. M. Djamil Padang Hospital. The time of the research is October to December 2017. The intervention is ROM gripping ball exercises, namely rubber balls for 3 days followed by tennis balls for 2 days. Hold the ball firmly for 5 seconds then relax 10 seconds, practice repeated 10 times, frequency 3 times a day. The study population were all stroke patients in the Neuro Ward Dr. M. Djamil Padang Hospital. A sample of 10 people was obtained by purposive sampling that met the inclusion criteria. Data collection by measurement of muscle strength using Manual Muscle Testing (MMT). Data were computerized, analyzed by descriptive statistics and Wilcoxon test. The results of the study showed differences in upper limb muscle strength before and after the ROM exercise held the ball on the patient's shoulder (p value = 0.004), on the elbow of the patient (p value = 0.000), on the patient's hand (p value = 0.000), and on the patient's finger (p value = 0.000). It is recommended to nurses to implement the practice of grasping the ball to increase muscle strength of ischemic stroke patients and make it as a procedure for nursing intervention to patients to muscle strength.

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Changes in Function and Muscle Strength of Encephalitis Survivors After Inpatient Rehabilitation

Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine ◽

10.5535/arm.21133 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 45 (6) ◽

pp. 422-430

Author(s):

Tayeun Kim ◽

In Yae Cheong

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Autoimmune Encephalitis ◽

Inpatient Rehabilitation ◽

Berg Balance Scale ◽

Manual Muscle Testing ◽

Korean Version ◽

Muscle Testing ◽

Before And After ◽

Motor Strength

Objective To investigate the clinical demographics and rehabilitative assessments of encephalitis survivors admitted to a rehabilitation center, and to confirm the effects of inpatient rehabilitation manifested by changes in muscle strength and function after hospitalization.Methods Data of encephalitis survivors who received rehabilitation at our institution from August 2009 to August 2019 were reviewed. Medical charts were retrospectively reviewed, and motor, functional, and cognitive assessments were collected. Manual muscle testing (MMT), Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Functional Ambulation Category (FAC), Korean version of Modified Barthel Index (K-MBI), grip strength, Box and Block Test (BBT), and Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE) were performed, and the results upon admission and discharge were compared and analyzed.Results Most of the patients with encephalitis admitted to our institution had viral or autoimmune etiologies. The assessment results of 18 encephalitis patients upon admission and discharge were compared. The total K-MBI score, FAC, grip strength, and BBT significantly improved, but not the MMT and FMA. Subgroup analysis was performed for viral and autoimmune encephalitis, which are the main causes of the disease, but there was no difference in items with significant changes before and after hospitalization.Conclusion Encephalitis survivors showed a significant improvement in functional assessment scale during their hospital stay through rehabilitation, without significant changes in motor strength. Hence, we can conclude that encephalitis survivors benefit from inpatient rehabilitation, targeting functional gains in activities of daily living training more than motor strength.

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Effects of Passive Range Of Motion (ROM) Exercise On Increases Muscle Strength in Non-Hemorrhagic Stroke Patients in the Inpatient Room at RSUD Kota Tangerang

Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan Indonesia [JIKI] ◽

10.31000/jiki.v3i1.2073 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 41

Author(s):

Endah Sri Rahayu ◽

Nuraini Nuraini

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Range Of Motion ◽

Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

World Health ◽

P Value ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Before And After ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Health Organization

Stroke is one of the serious health problems in modern life today. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) explained that stroke is the leading cause of death globally. An estimated 17.7 million people die of strokes in 2015 representing 31% of all global deaths. This study aims to determine the effect of Passive Range of Motion (ROM) Exercise on Increasing Muscle Strength in Non-Hemorrhagic Stroke Patients in the Inpatient Room at Rsud Kota Tangerang. Quasi-experimental research design with a sample of 14 people. Univariate and bivariate data analysis using the Wilcoxon test. Samples are measured using Observation Sheets before and after Range Of Motion (ROM) Exercises. This Range Of Motion exercise is carried out for 1 week in 7 days, done 2 times in the morning and afternoon for 15 minutes. Based on the Paired Test, it was found that there was an effect of Passive Range Of Motion (ROM) Exercise on increasing muscle strength in non-hemorrhagic stroke patients with p-value = 0,01 <α 0,05. This proves that passive ROM has an effect on increasing the muscle strength of the respondent. Hospitals should set standard operating procedures for special handling using Passive ROM so that the results obtained can be maximal and uniform for all the problems of the word muscle strength.Keywords: Non-hemorrhagic; stroke; Passive ROM; Muscle Strength

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ROM Therapy on Muscle Strength in Post Stroke Patients: Scoping Review

Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research ◽

10.37287/ijghr.v3i1.314 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 43-50

Author(s):

Muliyani Yamlean ◽

Chandra Bagus Ropyanto ◽

Fitria Handayani

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Motor Deficits ◽

Methodological Framework ◽

Full Text Article ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Permanent Disability ◽

Post Stroke ◽

Before And After ◽

Improve Muscle Strength

Hemiparesis and hemiplegia are motor deficits found mostly in stroke patients. If the deterioration in muscle strength that occurs is not handled properly, it will cause permanent disability. ROM therapy is a therapy to increase muscle strength which has undergone various developments according to the research that has been done. The aim of this article was to identify interventions using ROM therapy to improve muscle strength in post-stroke patients. The databases used were JCS, PMC, Science Direct, and PubMed. The search was limited to articles published in 2014 to 2019. The study criteria was for adult, quantitative comparisons between before and after intervention ROM therapy and full text article, published in peer-reviewed journal and written in English and Indonesian. This article used the methodological framework by Arksey and O'Malley for the scoping review. The research has conducted a study of 4 articles, in which all of the items discussed the application of ROM therapy to increase muscle strength in post-stroke patients. The results from each articles showed that ROM therapy has helped improve muscle strength in post-stroke patients.

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JIGSAW PUZZLE IMPROVE FINE MOTOR ABILITIES OF UPPER EXTREMITIES IN POST-STROKE ISCHEMIC CLIENTS

Jurnal NERS ◽

10.20473/jn.v12i1.2790 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 142

Author(s):

Kusnanto Kusnanto ◽

Eska Dwi Prajayanti ◽

Harmayetty Harmayetty

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Upper Extremity ◽

Motor Skills ◽

Upper Extremities ◽

Fine Motor ◽

Joint Motion ◽

Fine Motor Skills ◽

Jigsaw Puzzle ◽

Stroke Patients

Introduction: Ischemic stroke is a disease caused by focal cerebral ischemia, where is a decline in blood flow that needed for neuronal metabolism, leading to neurologic deficit include motor deficit such as fine motor skills impairment. Therapy of fine motor skills disorders is to improve motor function, prevent contractures and complications. These study aimed to identify the effect of playing Jigsaw Puzzle on muscle strength, extensive motion, and upper extremity fine motor skills in patients with ischemic stroke at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta. Methods: Experimental Quasi pre-posttest one group control. The number of samples were 34 respondents selected using purposive sampling technique. The samples were divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group was 17 respondents who were given standard treatment hospital and played Jigsaw Puzzle 2 times a day for six days. Control group is one respondent given by hospital standard therapy without given additional Jigsaw Puzzle game. Evaluation of these research is done on the first and seventh day for those groups. Result: The results showed that muscle strength, the range of joint motion and fine motor skills of upper extremities increased (p = 0.001) significantly after being given the Jigsaw Puzzle games. These means playing Jigsaw Puzzle increase muscle strength, the range of joint motion and upper extremity fine motor skill of ischemic stroke patients. Discussion and conclusion: Jigsaw puzzle game administration as additional rehabilitation therapy in upper extremity fine motor to minimize the occurrence of contractures and motor disorders in patients with ischemic stroke. Jigsaw puzzle game therapy capable of creating repetitive motion as a key of neurological rehabilitation in Ischemic Stroke. This study recommends using jigsaw puzzle game as one of intervention in the nursing care of Ischemic Stroke patients.

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