scholarly journals New data on karyotype, spermatogenesis and ovarian trophocyte ploidy in three aquatic bug species of the families Naucoridae, Notonectidae, and Belostomatidae (Nepomorpha, Heteroptera)

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desislava Stoianova ◽  
Nikolay Simov ◽  
Manh Quang Vu ◽  
Duc Minh Nguyen ◽  
Snejana Grozeva
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Male Meiosis ◽  
Published Data ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
The Family ◽  
Cytogenetic Studies ◽  
High Level ◽  
Considerable Support

We report the karyotype, some aspects of spermatogenesis, and ovarian trophocytes ploidy in three aquatic bug species: Ilyocoris cimicoides (Linnaeus, 1758), Notonecta glauca Linnaeus, 1758, and Diplonychus rusticus Fabricius, 1871 from previously unexplored regions – South Europe (Bulgaria) and Southeast Asia (Vietnam). Our results add considerable support for the published karyotype data for these species. In I. cimicoides, we observed achiasmate male meiosis – the first report of achiasmy for the family Naucoridae. More comprehensive cytogenetic studies in other species of the Naucoridae are required to elucidate the role of achiasmy as a character in the systematics of the family. Our observations on the association between phases of spermatogenesis and developmental stages in I. cimicoides and N. glauca differ from the previously published data. In these species, we assume that the spermatogenesis phases are not strongly associated with certain developmental stages. For further cytogenetic studies (on the Balkan Peninsula), we recommend July as the most appropriate month for collection of I. cimicoides and N. glauca. In the ovaries of both species, we studied the level of ploidy in metaphase and interphase trophocytes. In I. cimicoides, diploid and tetraploid metaphase trophocytes were found. Heteropycnotic elements, observed in interphase trophocytes of this species, represented the X chromosomes. It allowed us to determine the trophocytes ploidy at interphase (2n was repeated up to 16 times). The situation with N. glauca was different. The metaphase trophocytes were diploid and we were not able to determine the ploidy of interphase trophocytes since such conspicuous heteropycnotic elements were not found. The scarce data available suggest a tendency for a low level of trophocyte ploidy in the basal infraorders (Nepomorpha and Gerromorpha) and for a high level in the more advanced Pentatomomorpha. Data about this character in species from other infraorders are needed to confirm that tendency.

scholarly journals INDIVIDUAL-TYPOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PERSONALITY OF CANDIDATES TO PARENTS IN SUBSTITUTE FAMILIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (87) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Vishtalenko ◽  
◽  
Emma Andreasyan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Foster Parents ◽  
Foster Families ◽  
The Family ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
Life Path ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level

Most researchers of socialization processes agree that the primary socialization carried out in the family is crucial. The phenomenon of the family was considered in terms of psychological, sociological, anthropological, philosophical, biological and cultural approaches. Now the question of surrogacy is being studied in terms of the psychology of the life path of the individual; as manifestations of the meaning of life, will, responsibility; as a world of the subjective, where is always something more. Many scientists pay attention to the methodology, organization, functioning of foster families; the problems of lifestyle of orphan children in general, and in particular – in a professionally foster family. Scientists have considered the motivation of the adopted child into the family and some socio-psychological characteristics of parents. However, there are almost no studies of some individual-typological features that dysfunctionally affect family relationships, although these features may be the reason for the denial of the family's ability to be a substitute. The relevance of the study is due to the need of supplement the structural and semantic components of the psychological diagnosis of potential parents in foster families. The empirical study was conducted on the basis of the Odessa Regional Center for Social Services for Families, Children and Youth, a territorial division of the Odessa Regional State Administration. In testing took a part about 30 applicants for foster parents. With the help of Individual-typological questionnaire LM Sobchyk (ITO) there was created an average statistical portrait of candidates for the role of parents in foster families. They are characterized by a high level of extraversion (48.6%); average level of rigidity (82.9%), aggression (54.3%), anxiety (82.9%), introversion (71.5%), lability (74.3%), sensitivity (62.9%), spontaneity (60%). All these qualities positively characterize all members of the sample and confirm their reliability as potential parents in foster families. These conclusions can be used by psychologists in the selection of candidates for the role of foster parents in foster families, as well as in psychological counseling.

Colleters in the vegetative axis of Aechmea blanchetiana (Bromeliaceae): anatomical, ultrastructural and functional aspects

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Ballego-Campos ◽  
Elder Antônio Sousa Paiva
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Reproductive Axis ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
The Family ◽  
Marginal Cells ◽  
First Time

Colleters are common among eudicotyledons, but few records exist for monocotyledons and other groups of plants. For Bromeliaceae, mucilage secretions that protect the young portions of the plant have been observed only in the reproductive axis, and little is known about the secretory systems behind this or even other kind of secretions in the family. We aimed to describe, for the first time, the occurrence of colleters associated with the vegetative shoot of Aechmea blanchetiana (Baker) L.B.Sm., and elucidate aspects of their structure, ultrastructure and secretory activity. Samples of various portions of the stem axis were prepared according to standard methods for light and electron microscopy. Colleters were found compressed in the axillary portion of leaves and in all leaf developmental stages. Secretory activity, however, was found to be restricted to young and unexpanded leaves. The colleters displayed a flattened hand-like shape formed by a multiseriate stalk and an expanded secretory portion bearing elongated marginal cells. Ultrastructural data confirmed that the secretory role of the colleters is consistent with mucilaginous secretion. The functional roles of the colleters are discussed with regard to environmental context and intrinsic features of the plant, such as the presence of a water-impounding tank.

scholarly journals Xist imprinting is promoted by the hemizygous (unpaired) state in the male germ line

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (47) ◽  
pp. 14415-14422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sha Sun ◽  
Bernhard Payer ◽  
Satoshi Namekawa ◽  
Jee Young An ◽  
William Press ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
Germ Line ◽  
Transgenic Animals ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Male Meiosis ◽  
Meiotic Pairing ◽  
Male Germ Line ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
High Level

The long noncoding X-inactivation–specific transcript (Xist gene) is responsible for mammalian X-chromosome dosage compensation between the sexes, the process by which one of the two X chromosomes is inactivated in the female soma. Xist is essential for both the random and imprinted forms of X-chromosome inactivation. In the imprinted form, Xist is paternally marked to be expressed in female embryos. To investigate the mechanism of Xist imprinting, we introduce Xist transgenes (Tg) into the male germ line. Although ectopic high-level Xist expression on autosomes can be compatible with viability, transgenic animals demonstrate reduced fitness, subfertility, defective meiotic pairing, and other germ-cell abnormalities. In the progeny, paternal-specific expression is recapitulated by the 200-kb Xist Tg. However, Xist imprinting occurs efficiently only when it is in an unpaired or unpartnered state during male meiosis. When transmitted from a hemizygous father (+/Tg), the Xist Tg demonstrates paternal-specific expression in the early embryo. When transmitted by a homozygous father (Tg/Tg), the Tg fails to show imprinted expression. Thus, Xist imprinting is directed by sequences within a 200-kb X-linked region, and the hemizygous (unpaired) state of the Xist region promotes its imprinting in the male germ line.

Cytogenetic and sequence comparison of adultPhyllodistomum(Digenea: Gorgoderidae) from the three-spined stickleback with larvae from two bivalves

Parasitology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 129 (6) ◽  
pp. 771-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. PETKEVIČIŪTĖ ◽  
V. STUNŽĖNAS ◽  
G. STANEVIČIŪTĖ
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Chromosome Morphology ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Rdna Sequencing ◽  
High Level

Due to the low informative value of available morphological characters, cytogenetic and molecular methods, based on rDNA sequencing, were used to characterize adult and larval stages ofPhyllodistomumspp. Species studied have 18 chromosomes with comparable absolute and relative lengths. Conventional Giemsa staining and karyometric analysis revealed clear differences in chromosome morphology of larvalPhyllodistomumspp. infecting two bivalve host species,Sphaerium corneumandPisidium amnicum. However, karyotypes of adultP. foliumfrom three-spined sticklebacks and larval stages fromS. corneumappear almost identical both with respect to the relative lengths and centromeric indices of the corresponding chromosome pairs. The entire internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region (ITS-1, 5.8S and ITS-2) and the D1-D3 region of 28S gene were sequenced and compared. Again, sufficient differences were observed between larvalPhyllodistomumspp., while adultP. foliumand larvae fromS. corneumshowed a high level of similarity. So, both cytogenetic and molecular data support the suggestion that they represent developmental stages of the same species. The results were compared with published data obtained by cytogenetic and molecular studies on the otherPhyllodistomumspecies. Differences revealed in karyotype and rDNA sequences leads to the conclusion that the cercariaeum ofP. foliumsensu Sinitsin, 1905 could not be regarded as the larva of adultP. foliumfrom three-spined stickleback.

scholarly journals COUNSELLING ON THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONCEPT OF WASATHIYAH (MODERATE) ISLAM

ICCD ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 269-272
Author(s):  
Elis Teti Rusmiati ◽  
Rajab Ritonga
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Full Understanding ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Constructive Dialogue ◽  
The Family ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level ◽  
Correct Understanding ◽  
Muslim Scholars

The idea of the concept of Wasathiyah Islam (moderate Islam) reappeared in the High Level Consultation (Summit) of World Muslim Scholars and Intellectuals at the Bogor Palace, 1-3 May 2018. Wasathiyah Islam is perceived as a perspective that understands the position of Islam between two extreme opposite points: Fundamentalist and radical on the one hand, and liberal and permissive on the other. Women are the party mostdefeated by Islamic fundamentalists and most disadvantaged in the application of rigid Islamic sharia in various places in the Islamic world. In connection with concept of Wasathiyah Islam, women have monitoring ability that can promote constructive dialogue and provide understanding, both in the family and in the community. Therefore, women need to be equipped with a full understanding of the concept of WasathiyahIslam, because misleading understanding can foster religious radicalism on the one hand, and permissive attitudes will dwarf the understanding of religion on the other. The method used in this counselling includes several stages: 1) survey; 2) module making; 3) counselling; 4) interactive dialogue; 5) evaluation. The results of the counselling showed that after the training, participants enhanced their knowledge about the concept ofWasathiyah Islam. They began to realize that they had an important role in instilling a correct understanding of Wasathiyah Islam towards their families and communities.

scholarly journals Multi-society Guideline for Reprocessing Flexible Gastrointestinal Endoscopes

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 532-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas B. Nelson ◽  
William R. Jarvis ◽  
William A. Rutala ◽  
Amy E. Foxx-Orenstein ◽  
Gerald Isenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Devices ◽  
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Beneficial Role ◽  
Digestive Diseases ◽  
High Level ◽  
Cleaning And Disinfection ◽  
Society Guideline

The beneficial role of gastrointestinal endoscopy for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of many digestive diseases and cancer is well established. Like many sophisticated medical devices, the endoscope is a complex, reusable instrument that requires reprocessing before being used on subsequent patients. The most commonly used methods for reprocessing endoscopes result in high-level disinfection. To date, all published episodes of pathogen transmission related to gastrointestinal endoscopy have been associated with failure to follow established cleaning and disinfection/sterilization guidelines or use of defective equipment. Despite the strong published data regarding the safety of endoscope reprocessing, concern over the potential for pathogen transmission during endoscopy has raised questions about the best methods for disinfection or sterilization of these devices between patient uses.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Parental Burnout among Finnish Parents: The Role of Socially Prescribed Perfectionism

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 648-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matilda Sorkkila ◽  
Kaisa Aunola
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Family Background ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Social Expectations ◽  
Socially Prescribed Perfectionism ◽  
The Family ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objectives Although parental burnout can have detrimental consequences to families, the investigation of the syndrome is still in its infancy. The present study investigated what are the key family background variables that contribute to parental burnout among Finnish parents. Moreover, we investigated how self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism uniquely and interactively relate to parental burnout over and above the impacts of background variables. Methods Questionnaire-based data was collected from 1725 parents (91% mothers) and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). Results The results showed that when several family- and child-related background variables were taken into account, parent’s age, unemployment, perceived poor financial situation of the family, and having a child with special needs, showed unique associations with burning out as a parent. Even more crucial risk factor for burning out was, however, socially prescribed perfectionism: the higher the level of socially prescribed perfectionism the parents reported, the higher the level of their parental burnout. The relationship between socially prescribed perfectionism and parental burnout was further strengthened when parents reported also a high level of self-oriented perfectionism. Finally, the relationship between gender and parental burnout was mediated via perfectionism: mothers reported more socially prescribed and self-oriented perfectionism than fathers and, consequently, were also more burned out as parents. Conclusions The results suggest that in Finland specific attention should be given to families with poor financial resources and unemployment. Moreover, high social expectations experienced by the mothers could be balanced, for example, by teaching them skills of self-acceptance and compassion.

The Role of the Founder's DNA throughout Crisis

2016 ◽  
pp. 266-283
Author(s):  
Piergiorgio Re ◽  
Chiara Giachino ◽  
Bernardo Bertoldi ◽  
Marta Minopoli
Keyword(s):  
Second Life ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Business World ◽  
Strong Link ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Family ◽  
High Level ◽  
Luxury Industry ◽  
Deep Crisis

In this chapter the authors analyze the Moncler case using concepts link to the family business world. In the luxury industry family businesses are existing entities with a strong DNA created by a founder leader and guided by his vision across generations; the strong link between the founder's DNA, the company and the customers implies a high level of influence on how resources are managed and, consequently, it changes dynamics and results. In the rapid changing luxury industry's business environment it is necessary for the companies to maintain the DNA's heritage. To succeed it is necessary to innovate and to remain linked to the root of the past through innovation and evolution. Moncler perfectly shows how - from the successful vision of the founder to a deep crisis - is possible to reach a second life (with a new re-founder) appealing to the original values and DNA of the company.

scholarly journals Mathematical modeling supports fate restriction in neurogenic progenitors of the embryonic ventral spinal cord

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manon Azaïs ◽  
Eric Agius ◽  
Stéphane Blanco ◽  
Jacques Gautrais ◽  
Angie Molina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Progenitor Cells ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Published Data ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Fate Restriction ◽  
Ventral Spinal Cord

AbstractIn the developing neural tube in chicken and mammals, neural stem cells proliferate and differentiate according to a stereotyped spatio-temporal pattern. Several actors have been identified in the control of this process, from tissue-scale morphogens patterning (Shh, BMP) to intrinsic determinants in neural progenitor cells. In a previous study (Bonnet et al. eLife 7, 2018), we have shown that the CDC25B phosphatase promotes the transition from proliferation to differentiation in a cell-cycle independent fashion. In this study, we set up a mathematical model linking progenitor modes of division to the dynamics of progenitors and differentiated populations. Here, we build on this previous model to propose a complete dynamical picture of this process. We start from the standard model in which progenitors are homogeneous and can perform any type of divisions (proliferative division yielding two progenitors, asymmetric neurogenic divisions yielding one progenitor and one neuron, and terminal symmetric divisions yielding two neurons). We constraint this model using published data about mode of divisions and population dynamics of progenitors/neurons at different developmental stages (Saade et al. Cell Reports 4, 2013), and check the effect of CDC25B gain of function in this context. Next, we explore the scenarios in which progenitors population is actually split into two different pools, one of which composed of cells that have lost the capacity to perform proliferative divisions (fate restriction). We show that one such scenario appears relevant and calls for further identification of the alternative role of CDC25B in such a fate restriction.

Planning for emergency care and treatment when recovery is uncertain

2020 ◽  
pp. 365-384
Author(s):  
Kate Kemsley
Keyword(s):  
Communication Skills ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Healthcare Team ◽  
Care Nurse ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
The Family ◽  
Care And Treatment ◽  
Ill Adults ◽  
Considerable Support

Managing patients with chronic and frailty conditions is complex and planning their goals of care and treatment may need adapting, particularly for an acute deterioration. Equally the family will need considerable support and robust communication strategies are imperative in these situations. This chapter highlights the importance of good leadership, decision-making, and care planning for patients within the context of the multidisciplinary team. This chapter explores the more complex process of advanced assessment, planning, and communication skills that may be required when caring for acutely ill adults. It discusses ethical dilemmas where treatment is withdrawn or withheld. The chapter explains the role of the acute care nurse as an essential member of the healthcare team and as an advocate for the patient and family.

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