Colleters in the vegetative axis of Aechmea blanchetiana (Bromeliaceae): anatomical, ultrastructural and functional aspects

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Ballego-Campos ◽  
Elder Antônio Sousa Paiva
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Reproductive Axis ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
The Family ◽  
Marginal Cells ◽  
First Time

Colleters are common among eudicotyledons, but few records exist for monocotyledons and other groups of plants. For Bromeliaceae, mucilage secretions that protect the young portions of the plant have been observed only in the reproductive axis, and little is known about the secretory systems behind this or even other kind of secretions in the family. We aimed to describe, for the first time, the occurrence of colleters associated with the vegetative shoot of Aechmea blanchetiana (Baker) L.B.Sm., and elucidate aspects of their structure, ultrastructure and secretory activity. Samples of various portions of the stem axis were prepared according to standard methods for light and electron microscopy. Colleters were found compressed in the axillary portion of leaves and in all leaf developmental stages. Secretory activity, however, was found to be restricted to young and unexpanded leaves. The colleters displayed a flattened hand-like shape formed by a multiseriate stalk and an expanded secretory portion bearing elongated marginal cells. Ultrastructural data confirmed that the secretory role of the colleters is consistent with mucilaginous secretion. The functional roles of the colleters are discussed with regard to environmental context and intrinsic features of the plant, such as the presence of a water-impounding tank.

Bacterial leaf glands in Styrax camporum (Styracaceae): first report for the family

Botany ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 403-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Rodrigues Machado ◽  
Simone de Pádua Teixeira ◽  
Tatiane Maria Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Intercellular Spaces ◽  
Secretory Body ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
The Family ◽  
Abundant Cytoplasm ◽  
Intact Surface ◽  
First Time

In this study, we recorded, for the first time, the occurrence of leaf glands in a member of Styracaceae and their association with bacteria. Samples of Styrax camporum Pohl shoot apices and leaves at different developmental stages were prepared according to the conventional techniques for light and electron microscopy. Glands are emergences constituted by epidermal and parenchyma cells and are differentiated into a secretory body on a short nonsecretory stalk supplied with phloem. Actively secreting glands occur from leaf primordia to mature leaves and produce mucilage that accumulates inside schizogenous intercellular spaces. The epidermal secretory cells have abundant cytoplasm rich in hyperactive dictyosomes, an extensive endoplasmic reticulum, and modified plastids. Bacteria enter the gland via the intact surface and proliferate in the intercellular spaces of the glands. Once inside the intercellular spaces of the glands, bacteria enter the cells owing to the weakening of the anticlinal and inner periclinal cell walls and by phagocytosis. Strands of actin filaments occur near the endocytical vesicles containing degenerating bacteria. Accumulations of phenolic compounds and callose could explain the absence of bacteria in the stalk cells. The presence of bacteria inside the leaf glands of S. camporum is a regular and cyclic trait. The significance of the bacteria (not yet identified) and the type of interaction between these two organisms remain unknown.

Cymatosirella Dąbek, Witkowski & Sabbe gen. nov., a new marine benthic diatom genus (Bacillariophyta) belonging to the family Cymatosiraceae

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 183 (2) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
PRZEMYSŁAW DĄBEK ◽  
KOEN SABBE ◽  
ANDRZEJ WITKOWSKI ◽  
COLIN ARCHIBALD ◽  
KRZYSZOF J. KURZYDŁOWSKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Benthic Diatom ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Western Cape Province ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
The Family ◽  
Diatom Genus ◽  
Electron Microscopical ◽  
First Time

We present a new marine benthic diatom genus Cymatosirella gen. nov. The genus belongs to the family Cymatosiraceae and has been assigned to the subfamily Extubocelluloideae on the basis of ultrastructural cell wall features. It has isovalvate cells with undulate valves and is characterized by the absence of tubular processes and the occurrence of hollow spines which are observed for the first time in the Cymatosiraceae. The new genus contains four species, two of which are transferred from the genus Cymatosira, viz. Cymatosirella capensis comb. nov. and Cymatosirella minutissima comb. nov., and two which are new to science, viz. Cymatosirella benguelensis sp. nov. and Cymatosirella taylorii sp. nov. Cymatosirella capensis is chosen as the generitype. The new genus includes a group of very small taxa inhabiting the intertidal zone of the Atlantic Ocean with three species in South Africa and one in Europe. C. capensis was originally described by Giffen from Langebaan Lagoon (a shallow marine inlet in the southern part of Saldanha Bay, Western Cape Province), on the basis of light microscopy only, and has to date only been illustrated by line drawings. C. minutissima, so far only known from the Westerschelde estuary (The Netherlands), has previously been documented in more detail using both light and electron microscopy. Here, we present the results of detailed light and electron microscopical investigations of C. capensis, both from its original type material and from recently collected samples from the type locality and neighboring littoral areas in the Western Cape Province, and of the new species C. benguelensis and C. taylorii, also from Western Cape localities. All species are compared with similar small taxa belonging to the Cymatosiraceae, subfamily Extubocelluloideae.

scholarly journals PLOT ELEMENTS AND MOTIVES OF THE NOVEL “CHEVENGUR” IN PLATONOV’S SHORT STORY “POTUDAN RIVER”

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-55
Author(s):  
N. Mikhaylovna Malygina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Love Story ◽  
Planetary Scale ◽  
The Family ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Eugene Onegin ◽  
Intertextual Connections ◽  
First Time

The relevance of the article is determined by the researcher of the semantic poetics of Platonov’s story “Potudan River”. We carry out an analytical review of the lifetime criticism and articles of modern researchers about the story, on the basis of which we formulate the purpose of the study, due to the need for a new approach to the interpretation of the work and the identification of the principles of its poetics. The novelty of the article is determined by the identification of the multilayered symbolism of the title of the story, which allows to establish the insufficiency of the conclusions that the content of the “Potudan River” is limited to the family theme. At the level of micropoetics we reveal symbolic details that connect the content of the story with the motive of love for the distant, medical and construction subjects and revealing the planetary scale of the author’s thinking. For the first time, it was established that Platonov’s story “Potudan River” was written based on part of the plot of the novel “Chevengur” – the love story of Alexander Dvanov and Sonya Mandrova. We show that the heroes of the story “Potudan River” Nikita Firsov, Lyuba Kuznetsova and Nikita’s father are doubles of the characters in the novel “Chevengur” by Sasha Dvanov, Sonya Mandrova, and Zakhar Pavlovich. The connection of the image of Lyuba with the archetype of the bride is considered. The paper reveals for the first time the intertextual connections of the story “Potudan River” with the poem “The Bronze Horseman” and the novel in verse “Eugene Onegin” by A. Pushkin, in the texts of which the writer found material for modeling the ordinary fate of the hero. Multi-level connections of the content of the story “Potudan River” with Platonov’s artistic world, which is a complete metatext, are found, which opens up new opportunities for determining the role of the editing technique and the principles of returning to the plots and motives of the works of the 1920s, as well as their transformation in the writer’s work of the 1930s.

scholarly journals Fine Structure of Maxillary Palps in Adults of Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Pezzi ◽  
C Scapoli ◽  
M Bharti ◽  
M J Faucheux ◽  
M Chicca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
The Family ◽  
Sensory Structures ◽  
First Time ◽  
Maxillary Palps ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract A relevant species in waste management but also in forensic, medical, and veterinary sciences is the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus; Diptera: Stratiomyidae). An ultrastructural study by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was conducted for the first time on maxillary palps of both sexes, describing in detail the morphology and distribution of sensilla and microtrichia. The maxillary palps, composed of two segments, show sexual dimorphism in length and shape. In both sexes, the first segment is covered only by microtrichia, but the second one is divided into two parts: the proximal one, covered only by microtrichia, and the distal one containing both microtrichia and sensory structures. These structures include two types of sensory pits and one of chaetic sensilla. Due to sexual dimorphism in palp size, females have a higher number of sensory pits. The sexual dimorphism of palps and the presence and role of sensilla in H. illucens was discussed in comparison to other species of the family Stratiomyidae and of other Diptera. This study may represent a base for further investigations on mouthpart structures of this species, involved in key physiological activities, such as feeding, mating and oviposition.

scholarly journals Functional Role of the PE Domain and Immunogenicity of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Triacylglycerol Hydrolase LipY

2007 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanhu C. Mishra ◽  
Chantal de Chastellier ◽  
Yeddula Narayana ◽  
Pablo Bifani ◽  
Alistair K. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Triacylglycerol Hydrolase ◽  
Immunodominant Antigen ◽  
Surface Localization ◽  
A Cell ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT PE and PPE proteins appear to be important for virulence and immunopathogenicity in mycobacteria, yet the functions of the PE/PPE domains remain an enigma. To decipher the role of these domains, we have characterized the triacylglycerol (TAG) hydrolase LipY from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is the only known PE protein expressing an enzymatic activity. The overproduction of LipY in mycobacteria resulted in a significant reduction in the pool of TAGs, consistent with the lipase activity of this enzyme. Unexpectedly, this reduction was more pronounced in mycobacteria overexpressing LipY lacking the PE domain [LipY(ΔPE)], suggesting that the PE domain participates in the modulation of LipY activity. Interestingly, Mycobacterium marinum contains a protein homologous to LipY, termed LipYmar, in which the PE domain is substituted by a PPE domain. As for LipY, overexpression of LipYmar in Mycobacterium smegmatis significantly reduced the TAG pool, and this was further pronounced when the PPE domain of LipYmar was removed. Fractionation studies and Western blot analysis demonstrated that both LipY and LipY(ΔPE) were mainly present in the cell wall, indicating that the PE domain was not required for translocation to this site. Furthermore, electron microscopy immunolabeling of LipY(ΔPE) clearly showed a cell surface localization, thereby suggesting that the lipase may interact with the host immune system. Accordingly, a strong humoral response against LipY and LipY(ΔPE) was observed in tuberculosis patients. Together, our results suggest for the first time that both PE and PPE domains can share similar functional roles and that LipY represents a novel immunodominant antigen.

Familial Support for the Elderly in the Past: the Case of London's Working Class in the Early 1930s

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Household Composition ◽  
Kinship Networks ◽  
Familial Support ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACTThis paper takes as its starting point the historical debate about the respective roles of family and state in providing, where necessary, for the elderly population. Using the original data cards from the New Survey of London it is possible to consider this in the light of the experience of the working class in London in the early 1930s by analysing data on household composition and income. This is the first time that data on household composition have been assembled for the period after 1881 and before the Census authorities themselves began systematically publishing results from 1951. The picture which emerges, supported by analyses of the income of the elderly, suggests that in this period the role of the family was small, though important no doubt in certain critical situations. It is recognised however that analyses of household structure go only part of the way in illuminating the very complex patterns of assistance which existed. We go on therefore to consider the limitations of this approach and speculate briefly on wider kinship networks, and their potential for assistance.

scholarly journals New data on karyotype, spermatogenesis and ovarian trophocyte ploidy in three aquatic bug species of the families Naucoridae, Notonectidae, and Belostomatidae (Nepomorpha, Heteroptera)

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desislava Stoianova ◽  
Nikolay Simov ◽  
Manh Quang Vu ◽  
Duc Minh Nguyen ◽  
Snejana Grozeva
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Male Meiosis ◽  
Published Data ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
The Family ◽  
Cytogenetic Studies ◽  
High Level ◽  
Considerable Support

We report the karyotype, some aspects of spermatogenesis, and ovarian trophocytes ploidy in three aquatic bug species: Ilyocoris cimicoides (Linnaeus, 1758), Notonecta glauca Linnaeus, 1758, and Diplonychus rusticus Fabricius, 1871 from previously unexplored regions – South Europe (Bulgaria) and Southeast Asia (Vietnam). Our results add considerable support for the published karyotype data for these species. In I. cimicoides, we observed achiasmate male meiosis – the first report of achiasmy for the family Naucoridae. More comprehensive cytogenetic studies in other species of the Naucoridae are required to elucidate the role of achiasmy as a character in the systematics of the family. Our observations on the association between phases of spermatogenesis and developmental stages in I. cimicoides and N. glauca differ from the previously published data. In these species, we assume that the spermatogenesis phases are not strongly associated with certain developmental stages. For further cytogenetic studies (on the Balkan Peninsula), we recommend July as the most appropriate month for collection of I. cimicoides and N. glauca. In the ovaries of both species, we studied the level of ploidy in metaphase and interphase trophocytes. In I. cimicoides, diploid and tetraploid metaphase trophocytes were found. Heteropycnotic elements, observed in interphase trophocytes of this species, represented the X chromosomes. It allowed us to determine the trophocytes ploidy at interphase (2n was repeated up to 16 times). The situation with N. glauca was different. The metaphase trophocytes were diploid and we were not able to determine the ploidy of interphase trophocytes since such conspicuous heteropycnotic elements were not found. The scarce data available suggest a tendency for a low level of trophocyte ploidy in the basal infraorders (Nepomorpha and Gerromorpha) and for a high level in the more advanced Pentatomomorpha. Data about this character in species from other infraorders are needed to confirm that tendency.

scholarly journals Herpes Viral Origin of the Parsonage-Turner Syndrome: Highlighting of Serological Immune Anti-Herpes Deficiency Cured by Anti-Herpes Therapy

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Le Goaster ◽  
Patrice Bourée ◽  
Charles Ifergan ◽  
Frederic Tangy ◽  
René Olivier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Turner Syndrome ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Respiratory Function Tests ◽  
Herpes Viruses ◽  
Chemotherapy Treatment ◽  
Viral Origin ◽  
The Family ◽  
Genetic Deficiency ◽  
First Time

In 2012, a 50 year-old athletic male presented with weakness, pain and unilateral phrenic paralysis, followed by bilateral phrenic paralysis with deep dyspnea. In 2013, the Parsonage-Turner syndrome was diagnosed. When the patient was seen in September 2014 for the first time, he was facing phrenic neuromuscular failure, which led to the hypothesis of neurotropic herpes viruses. A control of the global serological anti-Herpes immunity to analyze his antibody (Ab) levels confirmed herpes immune genetic deficiency. An appropriate herpes chemotherapy treatment was proposed. Immediately, a spectacular recovery of the patient was observed, and after a few weeks, the respiratory function tests showed normal values. The hypothesis of the inductive role of viruses of the herpes family in the Parsonage-Turner syndrome was thus substantiated. The patient's immune deficiency covers the HSV2, HHV3, HHV4, HHV5 and HHV6 Ab levels. This led to the control of herpes in the family lineage: indeed, his daughter presented alterations of her serological herpes Ab levels.

scholarly journals Orchidaceae Juss. in Flora of Chechnya and Their Protection

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
E L Tasueva ◽  
R S Magomadova ◽  
A S Abdurzakova ◽  
A M Umaeva ◽  
Z I Shakhgirieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
The Family ◽  
Protected Plants ◽  
First Time

For the first time, perennial materials on the Orchidacaeae Juss. family of Chechnya are summarizedб consisting of 15 families and 29 species. The largest genus in the family – Orchis L. is represented by 8 species. The article presents information that all members of the family are protected plants listed in the Red Book of Chechnya, Ingushetia, Dagestan, and the Stavropol Territory. Some species are not included in the list of plants to be protected, including those species that have underground tuberoids and can serve as a source of salep (for instance, Platanthera bifolia, P. chlorantha, Herminium monorchis, Traunsteinera sphaerica, Dactylorhisa incarnata, D. salina, D. urvilleana). In this connection, data on the resources of family members and the potential possibilities of their use as a medicinal raw material are of interest. We have carried out resource studies of the most common species of Orchis tridentata Scop, within the North Caucasus. The obtained data allow us to expand our understanding of the species role of Orchidaceae Juss family. Пoлyчeнныe дaнныe пoзBoляют pacшиpить пpeдcтaBлeниe o poли BидoB ceмeйcтBa Orchidaceae Juss. of the North Caucasus flora in the composition of vegetation cover.

scholarly journals Role of neurotransmitters in schizophrenia: a comprehensive study

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Videsha Bansal ◽  
◽  
Indranath Chatterjee ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Unsolved Problem ◽  
Psychological Disorder ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Chemical Imbalance ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Schizophrenia is a psychological disorder, way tougher to diagnose than other psychological disorders, as it shares similar symptoms with psychosis. As we know, schizophrenia occurs due to chemical imbalance in the brain; identifying the role of neurotransmitters in schizophrenia poses a vital area to study. Neurotransmitters being the sole carrier of different brain activities, researchers have already initiated studies to investigate their role and effect in disorder. Firstly, this paper performs a critical review of the literature that dealt with different neurotransmitters in schizophrenia. Secondly, we identify the most important neurotransmitters and broadly elaborate on their functional roles and effects on the disorder. Finally, we have successfully identified various gaps and unexplored research questions to investigate these neurochemicals' role. Studies show that neurotransmitters like dopamine, glutamate, GABA, serotonin, and oxytocin are majorly responsible for schizophrenia, among which dopamine contributes the most. To the best of our knowledge, this paper encapsulates all the neurotransmitters, enzymes, and chemicals for the first time and explores their related literature. This study also identifies the most responsible chemicals involved in schizophrenia and unfolds the research community's unsolved problem.

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