Effect of Bifidobacterium breve B-3 on skin photoaging induced by chronic UV irradiation in mice

Probiotics have been shown to have a preventative effect on skin photoaging induced by short term UV irradiation, however, the underlying mechanisms and the effect of probiotics on skin photoaging induced by chronic UV irradiation remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of Bifidobacterium breve B-3 on skin photoaging induced by chronic UV irradiation in hairless mice. Mice were irradiated with UVB three times weekly and orally administered B. breve B-3 (2×109 cfu/mouse /day) for 7 weeks. Nonirradiated mice and UVB-irradiated mice without probiotic treatment were used as controls. B. breve B-3 significantly suppressed the changes of transepidermal water loss, skin hydration, epidermal thickening and attenuated the damage to the tight junction structure and basement membrane induced by chronic UVB irradiation. Administration of B. breve B-3 tended to suppress the UV-induced interleukin-1β production in skin (P=0.09). These results suggest that B. breve B-3 could potentially be used to prevent photoaging induced by chronic UV irradiation.

Download Full-text

Early Lipid Raft-Related Changes: Interplay between Unilateral Denervation and Hindlimb Suspension

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22052239 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (5) ◽

pp. 2239

Author(s):

Irina G. Bryndina ◽

Maria N. Shalagina ◽

Vladimir A. Protopopov ◽

Alexey V. Sekunov ◽

Andrey L. Zefirov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Raft ◽

Hindlimb Suspension ◽

Short Term ◽

Antiapoptotic Protein ◽

Muscle Disuse ◽

Proapoptotic Protein ◽

Raft Fraction ◽

Rat Soleus Muscle ◽

Afferent Inputs ◽

Underlying Mechanisms

Muscle disuse and denervation leads to muscle atrophy, but underlying mechanisms can be different. Previously, we have found ceramide (Cer) accumulation and lipid raft disruption after acute hindlimb suspension (HS), a model of muscle disuse. Herein, using biochemical and fluorescent approaches the influence of unilateral denervation itself and in combination with short-term HS on membrane-related parameters of rat soleus muscle was studied. Denervation increased immunoexpression of sphingomyelinase and Cer in plasmalemmal regions, but decreased Cer content in the raft fraction and enhanced lipid raft integrity. Preliminary denervation suppressed (1) HS-induced Cer accumulation in plasmalemmal regions, shown for both nonraft and raft-fractions; (2) HS-mediated decrease in lipid raft integrity. Similar to denervation, inhibition of the sciatic nerve afferents with capsaicin itself increased Cer plasmalemmal immunoexpression, but attenuated the membrane-related effects of HS. Finally, both denervation and capsaicin treatment increased immunoexpression of proapoptotic protein Bax and inhibited HS-driven increase in antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. Thus, denervation can increase lipid raft formation and attenuate HS-induced alterations probably due to decrease of Cer levels in the raft fraction. The effects of denervation could be at least partially caused by the loss of afferentation. The study points to the importance of motor and afferent inputs in control of Cer distribution and thereby stability of lipid rafts in the junctional and extrajunctional membranes of the muscle.

Download Full-text

4-Hydroxynonenal Contributes to Fibroblast Senescence in Skin Photoaging Evoked by UV-A Radiation

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10030365 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 365 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Audrey Swiader ◽

Caroline Camaré ◽

Paul Guerby ◽

Robert Salvayre ◽

Anne Negre-Salvayre

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Dermal Fibroblasts ◽

Connective Tissues ◽

Hairless Mice ◽

Cultured Fibroblasts ◽

Γh2ax Foci ◽

Skin Photoaging ◽

Actinic Elastosis

Solar ultraviolet A (UV-A) radiation promotes a huge variety of damages on connective tissues and dermal fibroblasts, including cellular senescence, a major contributor of skin photoaging. The mechanisms of skin photoaging evoked by UV-A partly involve the generation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. We previously reported that 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), a lipid peroxidation-derived aldehyde, forms adducts on elastin in the skins of UV-A irradiated hairless mice, possibly contributing to actinic elastosis. In the present study, we investigated whether and how HNE promotes fibroblast senescence in skin photoaging. Dermal fibroblasts of skins from UV-A-exposed hairless mice exhibited an increased number of γH2AX foci characteristic of cell senescence, together with an accumulation of HNE adducts partly colocalizing with the cytoskeletal protein vimentin. Murine fibroblasts exposed to UV-A radiation (two cycles of 15 J/cm2), or HNE (30 µM, 4 h), exhibited senescence patterns characterized by an increased γH2AX foci expression, an accumulation of acetylated proteins, and a decreased expression of the sirtuin SIRT1. HNE adducts were detected on vimentin in cultured fibroblasts irradiated by UV-A or incubated with HNE. The HNE scavenger carnosine prevented both vimentin modification and fibroblast senescence evoked by HNE in vitro and in the skins of UV-A-exposed mice. Altogether, these data emphasize the role of HNE and lipid peroxidation-derived aldehydes in fibroblast senescence, and confirm the protective effect of carnosine in skin photoaging.

Download Full-text

Abnormal auditory N400 in a case of zolpidem dependence, during a working memory test

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2004.11.013 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 135-137 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ioannis A. Liappas ◽

Charalabos C. Papageorgiou ◽

Andreas D. Rabavilas

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Spatial Working Memory ◽

Event Related Potentials ◽

Short Term ◽

Context Processing ◽

Gaba A ◽

Related Potentials ◽

N400 Component ◽

Underlying Mechanisms ◽

Term Management

AbstractZolpidem is a GABA (A) agonist, which is indicated for the short-term management of insomnia. Recent research provide evidence suggesting that zolpidem produces spatial working memory (WM) deficits and dependence; however, the underlying mechanisms of these effects are unknown. Since the auditory N400 component of event-related potentials (ERPS) is considered as an index of memory use of context processing, the present study focused on N400 waveform of ERPs elicited during a WM task in a case suffering from zolpidem dependence. The patterns of N400 waveform of this case were compared to the patterns obtained from healthy controls. This comparison revealed that zolpidem dependence is accompanied by reduced amplitudes located at posterior brain areas and diffuse prolongation of N400. These findings may indicate that zolpidem dependence manifests alterations with regard to the memory use of context processing, involving or affecting a wide-ranging network of the brain's structures.

Download Full-text

Aquifer-eustasy as the main driver of short-term sea-level fluctuations during Cretaceous hothouse climate phases

Geological Society London Special Publications ◽

10.1144/sp498-2019-105 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 498 (1) ◽

pp. 9-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Benjamin Sames ◽

M. Wagreich ◽

C. P. Conrad ◽

S. Iqbal

Keyword(s):

Sea Level ◽

Phase Relationship ◽

Sea Level Changes ◽

Short Term ◽

Groundwater Levels ◽

Sequence Stratigraphic ◽

Sea Level Fluctuations ◽

Minimum Estimate ◽

Underlying Mechanisms ◽

Continental Ice Sheets

AbstractA review of short-term (<3 myr: c. 100 kyr to 2.4 myr) Cretaceous sea-level fluctuations of several tens of metres indicates recent fundamental progress in understanding the underlying mechanisms for eustasy, both in timing and in correlation. Cretaceous third- and fourth-order hothouse sea-level changes, the sequence-stratigraphic framework, are linked to Milankovitch-type climate cycles, especially the longer-period sequence-building bands of 405 kyr and 1.2 myr. In the absence of continental ice sheets during Cretaceous hothouse phases (e.g. Cenomanian–Turonian), growing evidence indicates groundwater-related sea-level cycles: (1) the existence of Milankovitch-type humid-arid climate oscillations, proven via intense humid weathering records during times of regression and sea-level lowstands; (2) missing or inverse relationships of sea-level and the marine δ18O archives, i.e. the lack of a pronounced positive excursion, cooling signal during sea-level lowstands; and (3) the anti-phase relationship of sea and lake levels, attesting to high groundwater levels and charged continental aquifers during sea-level lowstands. This substantiates the aquifer-eustasy hypothesis. Rates of aquifer-eustatic sea-level change remain hard to decipher; however, reconstructions range from a very conservative minimum estimate of 0.04 mm a−1 (longer time intervals) to 0.7 mm a−1 (shorter, probably asymmetric cycles). Remarkably, aquifer-eustasy is recognized as a significant component for the Anthropocene sea-level budget.

Download Full-text

Prevention of changes after UV-irradiation by sunscreen products in skin of hairless mice

Archives of Dermatological Research ◽

10.1007/bf00403786 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 270 (4) ◽

pp. 421-428 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

H. G. Vogel ◽

H. G. Alpermann ◽

E. Futterer

Keyword(s):

Uv Irradiation ◽

Hairless Mice ◽

Sunscreen Products

Download Full-text

Hydrangea serrata (Thunb.) Ser. Extract Attenuate UVB-Induced Photoaging through MAPK/AP-1 Inactivation in Human Skin Fibroblasts and Hairless Mice

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11030533 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 533 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Hee-Soo Han ◽

Ji-Sun Shin ◽

Da-Bin Myung ◽

Hye Ahn ◽

Sun Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Signaling Pathways ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Mapk Signaling ◽

Collagen Degradation ◽

Hot Water ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Skin Damage ◽

Hairless Mice ◽

Skin Photoaging ◽

Mapk Signaling Pathways

Skin photoaging is mainly caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light, which increases expressions of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and destroys collagen fibers, consequently inducing wrinkle formation. Nutritional factors have received scientific attention for use as agents for normal skin functions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hot water extracts from the leaves of Hydrangea serrata (Thunb.) Ser. (WHS) against ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced skin photoaging and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms in human foreskin fibroblasts (Hs68) and HR-1 hairless mice. WHS recovered UVB-reduced cell viability and ameliorated oxidative stress by inhibiting intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in Hs68 cells. WHS rescued UVB-induced collagen degradation by suppressing MMP expression, and reduced the mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines. These anti-photoaging activities of WHS were associated with inhibition of the activator protein 1 (AP-1), signal transduction and activation of transcription 1 (STAT1), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Oral administration of WHS effectively alleviated dorsal skin from wrinkle formation, epidermal thickening, collagen degradation, and skin dehydration in HR-1 hairless mice exposed to UVB. Notably, WHS suppressed UVB activation of the AP-1 and MAPK signaling pathways in dorsal mouse skin tissues. Taken together, our data indicate that WHS prevents UVB-induced skin damage due to collagen degradation and MMP activation via inactivation of MAPK/AP-1 signaling pathway.

Download Full-text

Fermentation of Blackberry with L. plantarum JBMI F5 Enhance the Protection Effect on UVB-Mediated Photoaging in Human Foreskin Fibroblast and Hairless Mice through Regulation of MAPK/NF-κB Signaling

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11102429 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 2429

Author(s):

Ha-Rim Kim ◽

Da-Hye Jeong ◽

Sol Kim ◽

Sang-Wang Lee ◽

Hong-Sig Sin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Uv Irradiation ◽

Nuclear Factor Κb ◽

Skin Aging ◽

Human Foreskin Fibroblast ◽

Enzyme Inactivation ◽

Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽

Potential Candidate ◽

Hairless Mice ◽

Mitogen Activated Protein

Chronic and extensive exposure of ultraviolet (UV)-irradiation causes human skin sunburn, inflammation, or photoaging, which is associated with downregulated collagen synthesis. This study investigated the effects of fermented blackberry (Rubus fruticosus B., FBB) by Lactobacillus plantarum JBMI F5 (LP) on UVB-induced photoaging in human foreskin fibroblast (Hs68) as well as in SKH-1 hairless mice. FBB pretreatment inhibited UVB-mediated type-1 procollagen degradation, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-2 protein expression, and suppressed nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation as well as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation in Hs68. In addition, FBB administration diminished the wrinkle formation in dorsal skin and epidermal thickening in UVB-irradiated hairless mice. Moreover, UVB-induced Type-1 procollagen reduction and antioxidant enzyme inactivation were reversed by FBB administration. These results suggest that FBB may have antiphotoaging effects on UVB-induced wrinkle formation by maintaining the extracellular matrix density in the dermis, which occurs via regulation of reactive oxygen species and related MAPK and NF-κB signaling. Therefore, FBB can be a potential candidate for protecting skin aging against UV irradiation.

Download Full-text

Protective Effects of Astaxanthin Supplementation against Ultraviolet-Induced Photoaging in Hairless Mice

Biomedicines ◽

10.3390/biomedicines8020018 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 18 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xing Li ◽

Tomohiro Matsumoto ◽

Miho Takuwa ◽

Mahmood Saeed Ebrahim Shaiku Ali ◽

Takumi Hirabashi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reactive Oxygen Species ◽

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Haematococcus Pluvialis ◽

Uv Light ◽

Inverse Correlation ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Inhibitory Effects ◽

Hairless Mice ◽

Skin Photoaging

Ultraviolet (UV) light induces skin photoaging, which is characterized by thickening, wrinkling, pigmentation, and dryness. Astaxanthin (AST), a ketocarotenoid isolated from Haematococcus pluvialis, has been extensively studied owing to its possible effects on skin health as well as UV protection. In addition, AST attenuates the increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and capillary regression of the skeletal muscle. In this study, we investigated whether AST could protect against UV-induced photoaging and reduce capillary regression in the skin of HR-1 hairless mice. UV light induces wrinkle formation, epidermal thickening, and capillary regression in the dermis of HR-1 hairless mice. The administration of AST reduced the UV-induced wrinkle formation and skin thickening, and increased collagen fibers in the skin. AST supplementation also inhibited the generation of ROS, decreased wrinkle formation, reduced epidermal thickening, and increased the density of capillaries in the skin. We also found an inverse correlation between wrinkle formation and the density of capillaries. An association between photoaging and capillary regression in the skin was also observed. These results suggest that AST can protect against photoaging caused by UV irradiation and the inhibitory effects of AST on photoaging may be associated with the reduction of capillary regression in the skin.

Download Full-text

A model of order-selectivity based on dynamic changes in the balance of excitation and inhibition produced by short-term synaptic plasticity

Journal of Neurophysiology ◽

10.1152/jn.00568.2014 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 113 (2) ◽

pp. 509-523 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Vishwa Goudar ◽

Dean V. Buonomano

Keyword(s):

Synaptic Plasticity ◽

Computational Models ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Inhibitory Synapses ◽

Speech Discrimination ◽

Short Term ◽

Dynamic Changes ◽

Short Term Plasticity ◽

Underlying Mechanisms ◽

Parametric Analyses

Determining the order of sensory events separated by a few hundred milliseconds is critical to many forms of sensory processing, including vocalization and speech discrimination. Although many experimental studies have recorded from auditory order-sensitive and order-selective neurons, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that universal properties of cortical synapses—short-term synaptic plasticity of excitatory and inhibitory synapses—are well suited for the generation of order-selective neural responses. Using computational models of canonical disynaptic circuits, we show that the dynamic changes in the balance of excitation and inhibition imposed by short-term plasticity lead to the generation of order-selective responses. Parametric analyses predict that among the forms of short-term plasticity expressed at excitatory-to-excitatory, excitatory-to-inhibitory, and inhibitory-to-excitatory synapses, the single most important contributor to order-selectivity is the paired-pulse depression of inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs). A topographic model of the auditory cortex that incorporates short-term plasticity accounts for both context-dependent suppression and enhancement in response to paired tones. Together these results provide a framework to account for an important computational problem based on ubiquitous synaptic properties that did not yet have a clearly established computational function. Additionally, these studies suggest that disynaptic circuits represent a fundamental computational unit that is capable of processing both spatial and temporal information.

Download Full-text