Changes in Sporulation, Packed Cell Volume, Malondialdehyde Level, Fecal Oocyst Count and Histopathology of Eimeria tenella-infected Broilers Treated with Pineapple (Ananas comosus) Crude Extracts

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of a wild Ganoderma lucidum aqueous extract in coccidian-infected broilers. At 6 weeks of age the birds were randomly allocated to 6 treatment groups of 20 Ross broilers each in wire cages. Groups A, B and C were infected with Eimeria tenella Houghton strain at the rate of 36 250 sporulated oocysts/mℓ per bird. Theremaining 3 groups D, E and F were uninfected controls. At 7 weeks the birds in group A were treated with G. lucidum aqueous extract and those in B with amprolium in drinking water ad libitum at the rate of 200 mg/mℓ each for 7 days consecutively. Body weight gain, feed intake, faecal oocyst output and some haematological parameters were monitored. The result showed that all the infected birds in groups A, B and Chad clinical signs of weakness and reduced appetite on day 4 post-infection. By the 5th day post-infection their faeces became bloody and watery, and large numbers of E. tenella oocysts were present in the faeces. On day 3 after treatment the oocysts detected were considerably reduced in both treated groups A and B and slightly higher in the untreated group C. The faeces of the uninfected control groups were normal and free of coccidial oocysts. After treatment for 7 days no coccidial oocysts were found in faeces of the birds that had been treated. Infected, untreated birds showed a slight drop in feed intake and weight gain from 7 to 8 weeks of age. The final mean weight gain recorded in the treated groups A and B was comparable to that of the uninfected birds in the 3 control groups, while it was lower in the untreated group C. The feed to gain ratio was higher in C than in the other groups. A slight drop in packed cell volume was observed in groups A, B and C at 7 weeks of age, 1 week after infection. This study showed that treatment with G. lucidum results in a marked reduction in the number of E. tenella oocysts shed in the faeces, leading to improved weight gain and decreased weight loss. The results confirmed the virulence of the Houghton strain of E. tenella and the effectiveness of both amprolium and G. lucidum extract against E. tenella.

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Inhibition of In Vivo Growth of Plasmodium berghei by Launaea taraxacifolia and Amaranthus viridis in Mice

Malaria Research and Treatment ◽

10.1155/2016/9248024 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Adewale Adetutu ◽

Olubukola S. Olorunnisola ◽

Abiodun O. Owoade ◽

Peter Adegbola

Keyword(s):

Survival Time ◽

Plasmodium Berghei ◽

Packed Cell Volume ◽

Haematological Parameters ◽

Antimalarial Agents ◽

Western Africa ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Crude Extracts ◽

In Vivo Growth

Launaea taraxacifolia and Amaranthus viridis used by people of Western Africa in the treatment of malaria and related symptoms were assessed for their antiplasmodial value against the chloroquine sensitive strain of Plasmodium berghei. Crude extracts (200 mg/kg) and chloroquine (5 mg/kg) were administered to different groups of Swiss mice. The percentage of parasitemia, survival time, and haematological parameters were determined. Both extracts significantly (p<0.05) inhibited parasitemia and improved survival time in infected mice. The crude extracts prevented loss of some haematological parameters. A. viridis had a distinct effect on the packed cell volume. The extract was able to protect the liver from some of the damage. This study however showed that the methanolic extracts of A. viridis and L. taraxacifolia possess antiplasmodial activity. The results of this study can be used as a basis for further phytochemical investigations in the search for new and locally affordable antimalarial agents.

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Clinical Features of Epistaxis in Dogs: A Retrospective Study of 35 Cases (1999–2002)

Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association ◽

10.5326/0410179 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 41 (3) ◽

pp. 179-184 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Jennifer L. Strasser ◽

Eleanor C. Hawkins

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Cell Volume ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Packed Cell Volume ◽

Systemic Disease ◽

Facial Deformity

Epistaxis was retrospectively evaluated in 35 dogs. Systemic disease was diagnosed in seven dogs and intranasal disease in 29. Nineteen dogs with intranasal disease had neoplasia. Dogs with neoplasia were older (mean 10.0 years) than dogs with nonneoplastic intranasal disease (mean 5.6 years). Signs persisting for >1 month occurred more often in dogs with intranasal than systemic disease. Unilateral epistaxis did not distinguish intranasal from systemic disease. Only dogs with intranasal disease had facial deformity, decreased airflow, or regional sub-mandibular lymphadenopathy. Dogs with systemic disease had a lower packed cell volume (mean 31.8%) than dogs with intranasal disease (mean 42.7%).

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Impact of parity and gestational age of mothers with hypertension on birth weight, red blood cells and mode of delivery of their babies

African Health Sciences ◽

10.4314/ahs.v19i4.25 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 3038-3044

Author(s):

Helen Chioma Okoye ◽

Chilota Chibuife Efobi ◽

Josephat Maduabuchi Chinawa ◽

Odutola Israel Odetunde ◽

Awoere Tamunosiki Chinawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Red Blood Cells ◽

Cell Volume ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Packed Cell Volume ◽

Blood Cells ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Poor Correlation ◽

Hypertensive Group ◽

The Impact

Background: Maternal factors are determinants of birth outcome which includes birth weight, haematological indices and mode of delivery of their babies.Objectives: To determine the impact of parity and gestational age of hypertensive mothers on some neonatal variables.Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study of measurement of neonatal variables (birth weight, red blood cells and mode of delivery) among hypertensive mothers and their controls was conducted over a period of six months. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences program (SPSS), version 20.Results: There were statistically significant differences in means between the neonates of the hypertensive group and non-hypertensive group for maternal age (t =1.61, p = 0.002), baby weight (t =2.87, p < 0.001), haemoglobin (Hb) (t =4.65, p = 0.010) and packed cell volume (PCV) (t =4.75, p = 0.009), but none for gravidity (t =1.95, p = 0.927)For all subjects, there was poor correlation between gestational age and variables; birth weight , haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), nucleated red blood cell (nRBC) and parity. Likewise, parity poorly correlated with variables; age, birth weight, Hb, PCV, and nRBC. There was a statistically significant association between mode of delivery and hypertension (χ2 =53.082, p <0.001) but none with having a family history of hypertension (χ2 =1.13, p = 0.287).Conclusion: Parity and gestational age of mothers with hypertension have no impact on birth weight and red cells when compared with their non-hypertensive counterparts. However, mothers of babies delivered by elective and emergency caesarean section were about 2-3 times more likely to be hypertensive than those that delivered through spontaneous vertex delivery.Keywords: Hypertension; neonate; gestational age; parity.

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The use of a standard operating procedure in the analysis of canine packed cell volume

BSAVA Congress Proceedings 2018 ◽

10.22233/9781910443590.70.4 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 457-458

Author(s):

Craig R Breheny ◽

Jorge Perez-Accino Salgado ◽

Nicholas X Bommer ◽

Ian Handel ◽

Adam G Gow

Keyword(s):

Cell Volume ◽

Operating Procedure ◽

Packed Cell Volume ◽

Standard Operating Procedure ◽

Standard Operating

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Treatment of Diabetic Condition in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Wister Rats Using Food Blends Such as Unripe Plantain, Soybean and Ginger

International Journal of Biochemistry Research & Review ◽

10.9734/ijbcrr/2019/v25i130067 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

I. Iwanegbe ◽

M. Suleiman ◽

A. Jimah

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Cell Volume ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Normal Control ◽

Packed Cell Volume ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Diabetic Patients

Aims: To investigate the effect of food blends (plantain, soybean and ginger) on the blood glucose, lipid profile and haematological indices on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Methodology: A total of 35 rats of mean body weight 219.07 g separated into7 groups (5 per group) where induced by a single intraperitoneal (I.P) injection of streptozotocin (0.1 g dissolved in 5 ml of freshly prepared sodium citrate buffer 0.1 M, pH 4.5) at a dose of 40 mg/kg body weight after fasting for 12 hours and fed with flours/blends. The flours were produced from plant materials for different treatments/blends (blend A=100% unripe plantain, B=80% unripe plantain, 14% soybean, 6% ginger, C=70% unripe plantain, 26% soybean, 4% ginger, D= 60% unripe plantain, 38% soybean, 2% ginger, E= 50% unripe plantain, 50% soybean) and the phytochemicals and minerals content were determined. Blood glucose was determined at 5 days interval for 25 days. Diabetes was confirmed in rats with blood glucose concentrations >200 mg/dl. After 25 days rats were anaesthetized with chloroform vapour and blood samples collected by cardiac puncture for haematology and lipid profile determination. Results: The results showed that unripe plantain, soya beans and ginger in adequate proportion(C=70% unripe plantain, 26% soybean, 4% ginger or D= 60% unripe plantain, 38% soybean, 2% ginger) could help to reduce blood glucose, improve haematological parameters and lipid profile. Significant reduction was observed in the blood glucose level of rats fed blends C and D from 286 to 85 mg/dl and 307 to 90 mg/dl respectively at the end of experiment. These results also demonstrated that the inclusion of ginger at 6% causes rise in blood glucose level. Total cholesterol (TC) increased in all the blends. However, the lowest concentration of TC was observed in blends C and D. The highest packed cell volume (60%) and Haemoglobin (20 g/dl) level observed in rats fed blend C was significantly higher than the normal control fed conventional feeds. The increase in packed cell volume (PCV) (50%) and Hb (17 g/dl) in diabetic rats demonstrated that the formulated blend C was able to raise PCV and Hb above 50% and 17 g/dl (Normal control NC) respectively. Significant increase (P<0.05) in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) was also observed in all the blends with blend C having the least (4.0 mg/dl) close to NC (2.0 mg/dl). Conclusion: From the results it is evident that blend C will manage and improve the health status of diabetic patients.

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The using effects of Nettle herb in elevating Hb&PCV levels

Baghdad Science Journal ◽

10.21123/bsj.4.1.77-82 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 77-82

Author(s):

Baghdad Science Journal

Keyword(s):

Cell Volume ◽

Packed Cell Volume ◽

Hemoglobin Concentration ◽

Urtica Dioica ◽

Predisposing Factors ◽

Ministry Of Health ◽

Boiled Water ◽

Age And Sex

A dose of ten grams of the roots and leaves of Nettle (Urtica dioica) dissolved in (200)ml of boiled water then covered for (10)min. was given to a sample of (15) patients attending to the herbal department of ministry of health complaining of malnutrition and low Hb(hemoglobin) concentration and PCV(packed cell volume) levels with absence of any other predisposing factors disease inorder to find the effects of these roots and leaves on Hb and PCV levels for different periods of time in relation to age and sex variations . The study have shown that this mixture has a high significant effect (p

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Anticoccidial activity of Artemisinin and Extract of Artemesia annua leaves in chicken infected by Eimeria tenella

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner ◽

10.14334/jitv.v22i4.1622 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 196 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ening Wiedosari ◽

April Hari Wardhana

Keyword(s):

Drug Resistance ◽

Body Weight ◽

Normal Level ◽

Group Treatment ◽

Packed Cell Volume ◽

Eimeria Tenella ◽

Lesion Score ◽

Safe Alternative ◽

Anticoccidial Activity ◽

Continuous Use

<p>The continuous use of anticoccidial drug in chicken often continuously generates drug resistance and tissue residue; so thatconsequently, a safe alternative anticoccidial drug based on herb is fundamentally required. The aim of thise study was to examine anticcocidial activity of artemisinin and extract of Artemesia annua leaves in chicken infected by Eimeria tenella. A total of 35 chickens of Cobb strain was divided into seven groups with five replicates birds per group, i.e. uninfected chicken group (P I), infected but untreated chicken group (P II), infected and treated chicken group with 8.5 ppm, 17 ppm, 34 ppm, for P III, P IV and P V respectively, infected and treated chicken with 17 ppm of A. annua extract (P VI) and infected and treated chicken with Sulfa (P VII). All chicken, except the uninfected group, whereas infected with 2000 infective oocyst of E. tenella except the uninfected group. Treatment was delivered by oral, once per day for eight days. The criteria observed were clinical manifestation of chickens, number of oocyst in feces, body weight, cecal lesion score, haematocrit (packed cell volume) and haemoglobin value. The results showed that extract of A. annua leaves (P VI) was the most effective treatment to reduce the number of oocyst in feces (74.18%), followed by 34 ppm of artemisinin group (P VII). In addition, application of A. annua extract and artemisinin was significantly able to decreased the cecal lesion score (P<0.05). Even though body weight and Hb value were not indifferent significantly different (p>0.05), however A. annua extract and artemisinin treatments were significantly able to hold PCV value on normal level compared to P II and P IV (P<0.05). It concluded that extract A. annua leaves and artemisinin could be used an alternative anticoccidial in chickens.</p>

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PENGARUH INFEKSI CACING Ascaridia galli TERHADAP GAMBARAN DARAH DAN ELEKTROLIT AYAM KAMPUNG (Gallus domesticus)

Jurnal Medika Veterinaria ◽

10.21157/j.med.vet..v9i1.2986 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Joko Prastowo ◽

Bambang Ariyadi

Keyword(s):

Cell Volume ◽

Total Protein ◽

Packed Cell Volume ◽

Gallus Domesticus ◽

Ascaridia Galli

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh infeksi telur cacing Ascaridia galli (A. galli) terhadap elektrolit dan gambaran darah ayam kampung (Gallus domesticus). Kelompok perlakuan dilakukan infeksi telur berembrio cacing A. galli sebanyak 500 telur cacing/ekor ayam. Sampel berupa feses ayam untuk pemeriksaan parasitologi dan darah untuk pemeriksaan elektrolit dan pemeriksaan darah rutin. Infeksi cacing A.galli menyebabkan penurunan kadar kalium serum pada hari ke-21 dan 28 setelah infeksi (P<0,05), kenaikan kadar magnesium serum pada hari ke-21 dan 28 setelah infeksi (P<0,05) dan tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap kadar natrium serum setelah infeksi. Hasil penelitian ini menyebabkan penurunan terhadap jumlah eritrosit pada hari ke-7 dan 14 setelah infeksi (P<0,05), penurunan terhadap nilai packed cell volume (PCV) pada hari ke-14 setelah infeksi (P<0,05), kenaikan nilai total protein plasma pada hari ke-7 setelah infeksi (P<0,05), kenaikan nilai absolut sel eosinofil pada hari ke-14 setelah infeksi (P<0,05), tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap kadar hemoglobin, jumlah leukosit, nilai absolut sel heterofil, limfosit, dan monosit. Pada hari ke-28 setelah infeksi, rerata cacing yang hidup yaitu 13 ekor cacing. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa, infeksi 500 telur cacing berembrio A. galli menyebabkan penurunan kadar kalium, kenaikan kadar magnesium, penurunan terhadap jumlah eritrosit, penurunan terhadap nilai PCV, kenaikan nilai total protein plasma, kenaikan nilai absolut sel eosinofil, dan tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap natrium, kadar hemoglobin, jumlah leukosit, nilai absolut sel heterofil, nilai absolut limfosit, dan nilai absolut monosit.

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Differential virulence of camel Trypanosoma evansi isolates in mice

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182017002359 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 145 (9) ◽

pp. 1235-1242 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Christine M. Kamidi ◽

Joanna Auma ◽

Paul O. Mireji ◽

Kariuki Ndungu ◽

Rosemary Bateta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

South America ◽

Cell Volume ◽

Packed Cell Volume ◽

Post Infection ◽

Trypanosoma Evansi ◽

Type B ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Live Body Weight ◽

High Virulence

AbstractThis study assessed the virulence of Trypanosoma evansi, the causative agent of camel trypanosomiasis (surra), affecting mainly camels among other hosts in Africa, Asia and South America, with high mortality and morbidity. Using Swiss white mice, we assessed virulence of 17 T. evansi isolates collected from surra endemic countries. We determined parasitaemia, live body weight, packed cell volume (PCV) and survivorship in mice, for a period of 60 days’ post infection. Based on survivorship, the 17 isolates were classified into three virulence categories; low (31–60 days), moderate (11–30 days) and high (0–10 days). Differences in survivorship, PCV and bodyweights between categories were significant and correlated (P < 0.05). Of the 10 Kenyan isolates, four were of low, five moderate and one (Type B) of high virulence. These findings suggest differential virulence between T. evansi isolates. In conclusion, these results show that the virulence of T. evansi may be region specific, the phenotype of the circulating parasite should be considered in the management of surra. There is also need to collect more isolates from other surra endemic regions to confirm this observation.

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