scholarly journals Preliminary Phytochemical Screening and in vitro Anthelmintic Effects of Aqueous Extracts of Salvadora persica and Terminalia avicennoides Against Strongyline Nematodes of Small Ruminants in Nigeria

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Datsu Kalip Reuben ◽  
Slyranda Baltini Aji ◽  
Wycliff Andrew ◽  
Fanna Inna Abdulraha .
Keyword(s):  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Salvadora Persica

scholarly journals IN VITRO SCREENING OF INSECTICIDAL EFFECT OF PLANT AQUEOUS EXTRACTS ON THE COWPEA APHID APHIS CRACCIVORA

AGROFOR ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salim LEBBAL ◽  
Aissa LEBBAL ◽  
Azzeddine ZERAIB
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Control ◽  
Aphis Craccivora ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Juniperus Thurifera ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Insecticidal Effect ◽  
Cowpea Aphid

The research of new control methods that have low negative effects represent analternative aiming to limit disadvantages of chemical control of pests. This studyaimed to test the effect of 11 aqueous plant extracts belonging to four species(Santolina africana, Juniperus thurifera, Artemisia herba-alba and Pituranthosscoparius), on the larvae of the aphid Aphis craccivora installed on the leaves ofRobinia pseudoacacia under laboratory conditions. The insecticidal effect ofaqueous extracts on the mortality of aphids was evaluated by the introduction ofacacia leaflet into an extract and infestation of them by 10 larvae of the aphid.Later, a counting of dead larvae after 3, 6, 12 and 24 h was performed. In addition,we investigated the effect of the aqueous extracts on the orientation of the aphidsby putting the latter in a position of choice between six leaflets, each treated with adifferent extract. In addition, a phytochemical screening was carried out to detectthe presence of saponins and polyphenols in the extracts studied. Through ourstudy, the extract obtained from S. africana at a concentration of 15% was the mosteffective with a mortality rate higher than 80% after 24 h of artificial infestation.As for the effect of the four extracts on the orientation of the cowpea aphid, theydid not attract the larvae massively. Regarding phytochemical screening,differences in the chemical composition of the analyzed extracts were observed.These differences may explain in part the variation of aphicidal effects of testedplant extracts.

Effect of Arak, gall of Quercus infectoriaand Syzgiumaromaticum extracts on the growth and viability ofEntamoeba gingivalis in vitro.

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajida S. Hussein Al-Zako ◽  
Ban N. Mohammadali Al-Neamy
Keyword(s):  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Salvadora Persica ◽  
Oak Trees ◽  
Oak Tree

After the succession of E.gingivalis cultivation on the DMEMmedium. This study was performedin order to identify the effect ofincreasing concentrations from aqueous and alcoholic extracts of a threeplants,known with their usage for medical treatment to dental and oraldiseases,those are Arak sticks (Salvadora persica), gall of oak tree (Quercusinfectoria) and flowering bud of clove (Syzgium aromaticum)on the viabilityof E. gingivalis.Aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Arak sticks showed a clear effectwith the superiority of the aqueous extract in its impact inhibitory effect onE.gingivalis.The results alsoshowed the existence of a negative and inhibitory impact increasingly on the growth ofE. gingivalis with the increasingconcentrations used of aqueous and alcoholic extracts fromgall of oak andflowering buds of clove, with simple superiority of aqueous extracts onalcoholic one for galls of oak trees and alcoholic extract of the of floweringbuds on aqueous one of buds clove.A clear increasing LT50 and LT90 where gained when using aqueousand alcoholic extracts of three plants with an Arak superiority in theelimination of the parasite, specially the aqueous one with the lower time.

In vitro screening of 51 birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.; Fabaceae) strains for anti-parasitic effects against Haemonchus contortus

Parasitology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 146 (6) ◽  
pp. 828-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carly D. Barone ◽  
Anne M. Zajac ◽  
Sarah M. Ferguson ◽  
Rebecca N. Brown ◽  
Jess D. Reed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Secondary Compounds ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Parasitic Activity ◽  
Parasitic Effects

AbstractSecondary plant compounds have shown bioactivity against multi-drug resistant Haemonchus contortus in small ruminants. This study screened 51 strains of birdsfoot trefoil (BFT, Lotus corniculatus) crude aqueous extracts (BFT-AqE) for anti-parasitic activity in vitro against egg hatching, and of those 51 strains, 13 were selected for further testing of motility of first (L1) and third stage (L3) larvae, and exsheathment of L3. Proanthocyanidin content ranged between 1.4 and 63.8 mg PAC g−1 powder across the 51 BFT strains. When tested against egg hatching, 21 of the 51 aqueous extracts had an EC50 of 1–2 mg powder mL−1, 70% of the strains were >90% efficacious at 6 mg powder mL−1 and 11 of the strains were 100% efficacious at 3 mg powder mL−1 BFT-AqE. Across the 13 strains tested against L3, efficacy ranged from 0 to 75% exsheathment inhibition, and 17 to 92% L3 motility inhibition at a concentration of 25 mg powder mL−1 BFT-AqE. There was no correlation between the PAC content of BFT powders and the anti-parasitic activity of aqueous extracts, therefore other secondary compounds may have contributed to the observed anti-parasitic effects. Further testing of BFT using bioactivity-driven fractionation and screening of BFT populations for the identified anti-parasitic compounds is needed.

scholarly journals Antiplasmodial activity of Anthocleista djalonensis leaves extracts against clinical isolates of Plasmodium falciparum and multidrug resistant K1 strains

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-138
Author(s):  
Brice Kouakou Bla ◽  
Oléfongo Dagnogo ◽  
Rolland Gueyraud Kipré ◽  
Opportune Gogo Ballé ◽  
Jonhson David Trébissou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Antiplasmodial Activity ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

Information collected from nine (09) traditional healers in the Moronou village in the Department of Toumodi revealed that Anthocleista djanlonensis is regularly used by the population for primary health care in the processing of malaria. Evaluation of the In vitro antiplasmodial activity showed that the aqueous extracts inhibit growth of clinical isolates and chloroquinoresistant strains (K1) with IC50 of 8.29 µg/mL and 10.23 µg/mL while the ethanolic extracts had IC50 of 37.65 µg/mL and 46.07 µg/mL on the same strains respectively. Results of the In vitro antimalarial bioassay showed that aqueous extracts have promising antiplasmodial effects on clinical isolates and on Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistant K1 strain (3 µg/mL <IC50 <15 µg/mL). Phytochemical screening revealed that the extracts contain mainly alkaloids, polyphenols, polyterpenes and flavonoids

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Methanol and Aqueous Extracts of Acalypha Racemosa Leaves

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-123
Author(s):  
Chrinius Hammuel ◽  
◽  
Benedicta P. Anyim ◽  
Helen H. Raplong ◽  
Victory U. Inekwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity

scholarly journals Comparative Studies on Phytochemical Screening and in Vitro Antioxidant Activities of Aqueous Extracts of Anacardium Occidentale Leaves and Nuts

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip O. Amira ◽  
Adebayo S. Daramola ◽  
Chikwado E. Muoghalu ◽  
Oluwamodupe B. Ojo
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Anacardium Occidentale ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Chelating Activity ◽  
Metal Chelating ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Phytochemicals are plant-derived chemicals, which are beneficial to human health and disease. They are naturally occurring in the medicinal plants, vegetables, leaves and roots that have defense mechanism and protect from various diseases as well inhibit, or delay the oxidation of other molecules by inhibiting the initiation or propagation of oxidizing chain reaction. Cashew (Anacardium occidentale) is one of the most important nut-bearing trees. Therefore comparative studies on the phytochemical screening and in vitro antioxidant activities on aqueous extracts of leaves and nuts of Anacardium occidentale were investigated to assess their antioxidant properties in different antioxidant property determination assays. Aqueous extracts of the Anacardium occidentale leaves and nuts revealed the presence of resin, flavonoids, phenols, carbohydrates, alkaloids and terpenoids. In addition, the aqueous leaf extract of the plant contained tannins, saponins, phlobatanins and steroids. The IC50 (µg/ml) values of the leaves’ extract were  36.77 ± 1.11, 1.71 ± 0.10, 1.01 ± 0.07, 0.11 ± 0.002 and 0.99 ±0.22 for total antioxidant capacity (AAE), ferric reducing antioxidant activity (AAE), diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) assay, nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity and metal chelating activity respectively. On the other hand, the IC50 (µg/ml) values of the nuts’ extract were  34.85 ± 0.27, 1.37 ± 0.02, 4.65 ± 0.19, 8.65 ± 0.09 and 3.54 ±0.05 for total antioxidant capacity (AAE), ferric reducing antioxidant activity (AAE), diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) assay, nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity and metal chelating activity respectively. Consequently, even though both extracts exhibited remarkable in vitro antioxidant properties, the leaf extract seemed to have better performance with respect to the parameters investigated.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activities of Methanol and Aqueous Extracts of Salvadora persica against Streptococcus mutans Biofilms: An In Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman A. Balhaddad ◽  
Lamia Mokeem ◽  
Mary Anne S. Melo ◽  
Richard L. Gregory
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Salvadora Persica ◽  
Biofilm Inhibition ◽  
Herbal Products

The use of herbal products in oral hygiene care has a long history, and their use is popular today. A tree stick, named Salvadora persica (S. persica), is commonly used to remove dental plaque and clean teeth in many countries. In addition, extracts of S. persica can be used as a mouthwash, as they demonstrate antimicrobial properties. This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial effect of S. persica methanol and aqueous extracts against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) biofilm. A S. mutans biofilm formation assay was conducted using different concentrations of S. persica methanol or water extracts in tryptic soy broth (TSB) supplemented with 1% sucrose. The biofilm was stained with crystal violet dye, and the absorbance was assessed to examine biofilm formation. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey tests were used to analyze the results. The S. persica methanol extract displayed a significant inhibition (p ≤ 0.001) against the S. mutans biofilm. The 10 mg/mL concentration of the S. persica methanol extract was determined as the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC). The used methanol concentration, mixed with TSB supplemented with 1% sucrose and without the S. persica extract, did not inhibit the S. mutans biofilm. The S. persica aqueous extract did not demonstrate any biofilm inhibition at any concentration (p ≥ 0.05). The findings of this study suggest the potential of using S. persica methanol extract as a mouthwash or adjunctive to oral hygiene tools.

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