scholarly journals Comparative Studies on Phytochemical Screening and in Vitro Antioxidant Activities of Aqueous Extracts of Anacardium Occidentale Leaves and Nuts

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip O. Amira ◽  
Adebayo S. Daramola ◽  
Chikwado E. Muoghalu ◽  
Oluwamodupe B. Ojo
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Anacardium Occidentale ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Chelating Activity ◽  
Metal Chelating ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Phytochemicals are plant-derived chemicals, which are beneficial to human health and disease. They are naturally occurring in the medicinal plants, vegetables, leaves and roots that have defense mechanism and protect from various diseases as well inhibit, or delay the oxidation of other molecules by inhibiting the initiation or propagation of oxidizing chain reaction. Cashew (Anacardium occidentale) is one of the most important nut-bearing trees. Therefore comparative studies on the phytochemical screening and in vitro antioxidant activities on aqueous extracts of leaves and nuts of Anacardium occidentale were investigated to assess their antioxidant properties in different antioxidant property determination assays. Aqueous extracts of the Anacardium occidentale leaves and nuts revealed the presence of resin, flavonoids, phenols, carbohydrates, alkaloids and terpenoids. In addition, the aqueous leaf extract of the plant contained tannins, saponins, phlobatanins and steroids. The IC50 (µg/ml) values of the leaves’ extract were  36.77 ± 1.11, 1.71 ± 0.10, 1.01 ± 0.07, 0.11 ± 0.002 and 0.99 ±0.22 for total antioxidant capacity (AAE), ferric reducing antioxidant activity (AAE), diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) assay, nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity and metal chelating activity respectively. On the other hand, the IC50 (µg/ml) values of the nuts’ extract were  34.85 ± 0.27, 1.37 ± 0.02, 4.65 ± 0.19, 8.65 ± 0.09 and 3.54 ±0.05 for total antioxidant capacity (AAE), ferric reducing antioxidant activity (AAE), diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) assay, nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity and metal chelating activity respectively. Consequently, even though both extracts exhibited remarkable in vitro antioxidant properties, the leaf extract seemed to have better performance with respect to the parameters investigated.

scholarly journals Comparative Studies On The Phytochemical Screening And In Vitro Antioxidant Activities Of Aqueous Extracts Of Garcinia Kola Stem And Root Barks

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip O. Amira ◽  
Adebayo S. Daramola ◽  
Ayobioloja A. Philomina ◽  
Salau A. Ibukun
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Garcinia Kola ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Phytochemicals are natural chemicals of plant origin that have implicated in anti-disease mechanism. Antioxidant are insulator of the process of the oxidation even at relatively small concentration and this have diverse physiological role in the body. They are naturally occurring in the medicinal plants, vegetables, leaves and roots that have defense mechanism and protect from various diseases as well inhibit, or delay the oxidation of other molecules by inhibiting the initiation or propagation of oxidizing chain reaction. Garcinia kola is a tropical flowering plant grown mainly in West and Central Africa. Garcinia kola is known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Therefore, comparative studies on the phytochemical screening and in vitro antioxidant activity on aqueous extracts of stem and root of Garcinia kola were investigated to assess their antioxidant properties in different antioxidant property determination assays. Aqueous extracts of Garcinia kola stem and root bark revealed the presence of tannins, resin, saponins, flavonoids, phenols, carbohydrates and alkaloids. In addition, the aqueous root bark extract of the plant contained phlobatanins and sterols while its stem bark aqueous extract contained terpenoids. The IC50 (μg/ml) values of the stem bark extract were 108.35 ± 7.70, 122.81 ± 3.98, 0.20 ± 0.01, 0.16 ± 0.01 and 0.43 ±0.01 for total antioxidant capacity (AAE), ferric reducing antioxidant activity (AAE), diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) assay, nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity and metal chelating activity respectively. On the other hand, the IC50 (μg/ml) values of the root bark extract were 31.54 ± 2.72, 30.50 ± 0.96, 2.26 ± 0.13, 4.36 ± 0.52 and 0.75 ± 0.04 for total antioxidant capacity (AAE), ferric reducing antioxidant activity (AAE), diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) assay, nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity and metal chelating activity respectively. Consequently, both the stem bark and root bark extracts generally exhibited remarkable in vitro antioxidant properties with respect to the parameters investigated.

scholarly journals On the Anticataractogenic Effects of L-Carnosine: Is It Best Described as an Antioxidant, Metal-Chelating Agent or Glycation Inhibitor?

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamdy Abdelkader ◽  
Michael Longman ◽  
Raid G. Alany ◽  
Barbara Pierscionek
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Human Lens ◽  
Lens Epithelial Cells ◽  
Metal Chelating ◽  
Human Lens Epithelial Cells

Purpose.L-Carnosine is a naturally occurring dipeptide which recently gained popularity as an anticataractogenic agent due to its purported antioxidant activities. There is a paucity of research and conclusive evidence to support such claims. This work offers compelling data that help clarify the mechanism(s) behind the anticataract properties of L-carnosine.Methods.Direct in vitro antioxidant free radical scavenging properties were assayed using three different antioxidant (TEAC, CUPRAC, and DPPH) assays. Indirect in vitro and ex vivo antioxidant assays were studied by measuring glutathione bleaching capacity and total sulfhydryl (SH) capacity of bovine lens homogenates as well as hydrogen-peroxide-stress assay using human lens epithelial cells. Whole porcine lenses were incubated in high galactose media to study the anticataract effects of L-carnosine. MTT cytotoxicity assays were conducted on human lens epithelial cells.Results.The results showed that L-carnosine is a highly potent antiglycating agent but with weak metal chelating and antioxidant properties. There were no significant decreases in lens epithelial cell viability compared to negative controls. Whole porcine lenses incubated in high galactose media and treated with 20 mM L-carnosine showed a dramatic inhibition of advanced glycation end product formation as evidenced by NBT and boronate affinity chromatography assays.Conclusion.L-Carnosine offers prospects for investigating new methods of treatment for diabetic cataract and any diseases that are caused by glycation.

scholarly journals Metal Chelating and Cupric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Capacities of Ammoides atlantica Aqueous Extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4-s) ◽  
pp. 108-111
Author(s):  
Karima Loucif ◽  
Hassiba Benabdallah ◽  
Fatima Benchikh ◽  
Soulaf Mehlous ◽  
Chahrazed Kaoudoune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Cupric Ion ◽  
Metal Chelating

Reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS) are produced in all cells and play important roles in physiology. The loss of the redox balance, either by an increase of oxidant molecules ROS and RNS or by decreased antioxidant system activities cause a state of oxidative stress. Several studies are going on worldwide directed towards finding natural antioxidants of plant origin. Plants containing phenolic compounds have been reported to possess strong antioxidant activity. The objective of this study is to evaluate total polyphenols and flavonoids contents (TPC and TFC) as well as examine the in vitro antioxidative properties from aqueous extract of Ammoides atlantica (AqE). TPC was estimated utilizing Folin-Ciocalteu's reagent. TFC was evaluated utilizing the aluminum chloride method. The antioxidant properties were evaluated using metal chelating and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assays. Indeed, results showed that the AqE is rich in polyphenols (141.74±0.44 µg gallic acid equivalents/ mg of dry weight), and flavonoids (61.87±6.7 µg quercetin equivalent/ mg dry weight). These phytochemical compounds possess significant antioxidant activities. The results showed that AqE exhibited a good Metal chelating activity with an IC50 of 36.57±4.73 µg/ mL. CUPRAC assay showed that AqE extract exhibited high cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity with an A0.5 of 8.58±0.13 µg/mL. These findings provide evidence that AqE of Ammoides atlantica is a potential source of antioxidant which have many benefits towards human health. Keywords: Ammoides atlantica, aqueous extract, phenolic compounds, metal chelating and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity.

scholarly journals CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF MEDICINAL EXTRACTS (SAPONARIA OF-FICINALIS L.)

2017 ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Галина (Galina) Батоевна (Batoevna) Ендонова (Endonova) ◽  
Татьяна (Tat'jana) Петровна (Petrovna) Анцупова (Ancupova) ◽  
Сысыгма (Sysygma) Дашиевна (Dashievna) Жамсаранова (Zhamsaranova)
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Total Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chelating Activity ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Village ◽  
Saponaria Officinalis

The paper presents new data on chemical composition and antioxidant properties in extracts of the aerial organs of Saponaria officinalis growing on the territory of the Republic of Buryatia. It was revealed that soapberry leaves extracts contain a number of organic acids such as oxalic, formic, fumaric, succinic, malic, citric, and benzoic ones, the dominant being formic, malic, acetic and citric acids. Of vitamins B2, B3. BC extracted from the plant the dominant one was riboflavin. The method of and Fthigh-performance liquid chromatography helped to reveal five compounds identified as aglycone and glycosidic in character. They are orientin, isoeryentin, isovitinexin-7-О-glycoside, orientin-7-О-glycoside, of which isovitoxin is dominant. The greatest total antioxidant activity was demonstrated by soapberry leaves and inflorescences picked up on abandoned sites of the village of Selenginsk. Extractions from Saponaria officinalis leaves showed showed antiradical and Fe2+-chelating activity comparable to that of the extractions from plants with pronounced antioxidant activity. Thus, the data obtained indicated the antioxidant activity of S.officinalis aqueous extracts due to the presence of natural flavonoids. This fact shows the plant as a promising new source of antioxidants.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Potentials of Methanol Extract of Duranta erecta Leaves

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-26
Author(s):  
Christopher Chidiebere Ugwu ◽  
Chioma Assumpta Anosike
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Antioxidant Vitamins ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Antioxidant Power

Plant extracts that have antioxidant activities show promising effect in the management of many diseases initiated by oxidative stress. The present study evaluates the phytochemical composition and in vitro antioxidant potentials of methanol extract of Duranta erecta leaves. The extract was subjected to phytochemical screening, DPPH inhibition, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), nitric oxide determination, antioxidant vitamins and minerals composition analysis. All analyses were carried out using standard biochemical methods. The phytochemical evaluation of the plant extract showed the presence of flavonoids (24.20 ± 0.14 mg QE/g), Alkaloids (15.87 ± 1.71 mg/g), total phenol (12.73 ± 0.61 mg GAE/g), tannins (9.24 ± 0.03 mg TAE/g), terpenoids (8.90 ± 0.96 mg/g), steroids (2.65 ± 0.55 mg/g) and saponins (5.55 ± 0.76 mg/g). The in vitro antioxidant determination showed that the extract had antioxidant properties in a concentration dependent manner. The antioxidant property of the sample was compared to that of ascorbic acid (for DPPH and nitric oxide determination) and gallic acid (for FRAP) as standards. The antioxidant mineral composition of the extract revealed the presence of zinc (1.82 ± 0.03 mg/100g) and selenium (0.59 ± 0.04 mg/100g). The antioxidant vitamins composition of the extract showed moderate concentrations of vitamin C (0.35 ± 0.01 mg/100 g) and vitamin E (0.68 ± 0.07 mg/100g). The result of this study revealed that methanol extract of Duranta erecta leaves could be a good source of antioxidants.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI PROTEASE ACTIVITIES OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF NILGIRIANTHUS HEYNEANUS NEES STEM

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
JENSON JACOB
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Powdered Material ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Screening In Vitro ◽  
Antiprotease Activity

Objective: The aim of this study was focussed on phytochemical screening, in vitro antioxidant and antiprotease activities of methanolic extract of Nilgirianthus heyneanus stem. Methods: The stem of the plant was washed thoroughly, shade dried and coarsely powdered. The powdered material of Niligirianthus heyneanus stem was extracted with methanol using soxhlet apparatus. Preliminary phytochemical screening for carbohydrates, proteins, alkaloids, phytosteroids, flavonoids, glycosides, polyphenolics, saponins, tannins was done by following standard procedure. In vitro antioxidant activities of methanolic extract were assessed using DPPH, ABTS and total antioxidant capacity. In vitro anti-protease activity of the plant was analysed using trypsin as an enzyme and BAEE (N-benzoyl-L-arginine ethyl ester) as a substrate. Results: The results showed that phytochemicals such as carbohydrates, proteins and amino acids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins and polyphenolics are present in the methanolic extract of Niligirianthus heyneanus stem. The in vitro antioxidant and antiprotease activities of Niligirianthus heyneanus stem clearly showed that the plant has antioxidant and antiprotease activity. Conclusion: From this work, it can be concluded that Niligirianthus heyneanus stem has the potential to be a strong antioxidant and protease inhibitor.

A Study on Synthesis and Antioxidant Activity Comparison of Novel Stilbenebenzamide Compounds

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Kładna ◽  
Paweł Berczyński ◽  
Oya Bozdağ Dündar ◽  
Irena Kruk ◽  
Beyza Torun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Background: Stilbene phytalexis (1,2-diphenyloethylen) and benzamide are beneficial for human health. To increase the stilbene ring activity, a new series of its derivatives containing benzamide structure was synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant power. Methods: 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectroscopy, and chromatographic analyses were used to confirm the successful synthesis. The antioxidant properties were determined by the elimination of , HO , DPPH , ABTS+ radicals, total antioxidant status (TAS) and the ferric reducing antioxidant activities (TAC) measurements. Results: Stilbenebenzamide compounds showed a wide spectrum of antioxidant ability, however their total antioxidant power was weaker than those of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), ascorbic acid, and resveratrol. The highest antiradical activity towards and HO was shown by the compounds with structures containing amine group (SBEBA, SBA) ( : 37.7 – 38.0% and 40.8 – 43.5%, HO : 29.8%, 28.7% inhibition, respectively) at1.25 mM concentration. The antiradical power of SBEBA (0.29) in DPPH assay was lower than those of resveratrol (1.83), ascorbic acid (3.63) and BHT (4.09). The TAS values of the synthesized compounds ranged from 152.9±5.3 to 240.2±6.7µM trolox equivalent/gram (TE/g) and were much lower than those of BHT (1304±43.0), reservatrol (1360±29.0) and ascorbic acid (2782±39.7) µM TE/g. Similarly, the TAC values ranging from 29.7±0.9 to 41.5±1.6 µM TE were weaker than that of resveratrol (239.2 ±6.7 µM TE/g). Conclusion: The results suggest that the presence of hydroxyl group in stilbene ring should be considered in further design of stilbenebenzamide compounds to enhance their antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Potential of the Polyherbal Formulation “ImmuPlus”: A Nutritional Supplement for Horses

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Cecchini ◽  
Mariateresa Paciolla ◽  
Anna Rocchina Caputo ◽  
Alfonso Bavoso
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Nutritional Supplement ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Polyherbal Formulation ◽  
Total Antioxidant

In order to counteract harmful effects of oxidative stress due to pathological conditions or physical exercise, horses are often administered dietary supplements having supposed high antioxidant activities. The aim of the present study was to identify thein vitroantioxidant potential of “ImmuPlus”, a polyherbal formulation (Global Herbs LTD, Chichester, West Sussex, Great Britain), containing three medicinal plants (Withania somnifera, Tinospora cordifolia,andEmblica officinalis), known in Ayurveda for their use in human disease treatment. Extracts obtained by different solvents (water, methanol, ethanol, acetone, and hexane) were tested for total antioxidant capacity, total reducing power, scavenging activity against DPPH radical, and total polyphenol and flavonoid contents. Our results showed that, except as regards hexane, all the used solvents are able to extract compounds having high antioxidant activity, even when compared to ascorbic acid. Regression analysis showed significant correlations between antioxidant properties and polyphenol/flavonoid contents, indicating the latter, known for their beneficial effects on health of human and animal beings, as major components responsible for the strong antioxidant capacities. Moreover, obtained results suggest the effective role of the polyherbal mixture as good source of antioxidants in horses.

scholarly journals In vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of carotenoid pigment extracted from Sporobolomyces sp. isolated from natural source

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 649-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. A. Manimala ◽  
R. Murugesan
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Carotenoid Pigment ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Chelating Activity ◽  
Metal Chelating ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity

The aim of the present study was to isolate and study about the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of carotenoid pigment. Sporobolomyces sp. isolated from the phyllosphere surface of rice plant has found to produce carotenoid pigment. The present investigation was carried out for antioxidant assays viz., DPPH, iron reducing and metal chelating activity. A steady increase in the antioxidant activities was observed in the carotenoid pigment with raising the pigment concentration. In the present study, the maximum antioxidation characteristics of carotenoid by DPPH, iron reducing and metal chelating assays (75.04 %, 1.88 % and 59.32 %) were achieved by pigmentation of Sporobolomyces sp. at the concentration of 100 μg ml-1. The antibacterial activity was studied on several organisms like Enterococcus sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Among the six pathogens, the pigment was found to be more effective against E. coli (2.9 cm) and S. aureus (2.6 cm). This study revealed that yeast carotenoid pigment was a potential source for its use in food and pharmaceutical applications.

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