The Role of DNA in Forensic Odontology (Part I) DNA Analysis Methods

Words are one of the most essential elements of expressing sentiments in context although they are not the only ones. Also, syntactic relationships between words, morphology, punctuation, and linguistic phenomena are influential. Merely considering the concept of words as isolated phenomena causes a lot of mistakes in sentiment analysis systems. So far, a large amount of research has been conducted on generating sentiment dictionaries containing only sentiment words. A number of these dictionaries have addressed the role of combinations of sentiment words, negators, and intensifiers, while almost none of them considered the heterogeneous effect of the occurrence of multiple linguistic phenomena in sentiment compounds. Regarding the weaknesses of the existing sentiment dictionaries, in addressing the heterogeneous effect of the occurrence of multiple intensifiers, this research presents a sentiment dictionary based on the analysis of sentiment compounds including sentiment words, negators, and intensifiers by considering the multiple intensifiers relative to the sentiment word and assigning a location-based coefficient to the intensifier, which increases the covered sentiment phrase in the dictionary, and enhanced efficiency of proposed dictionary-based sentiment analysis methods up to 7% compared to the latest methods.

Download Full-text

Parasites in Antarctic krill guts inferred from DNA sequences

Antarctic Science ◽

10.1017/s0954102018000469 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 16-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alison C. Cleary ◽

Maria C. Casas ◽

Edward G. Durbin ◽

Jaime Gómez-Gutiérrez

Keyword(s):

Dna Sequences ◽

High Frequency ◽

Dna Analysis ◽

Antarctic Krill ◽

Euphausia Superba ◽

Gut Contents ◽

The West ◽

West Antarctic ◽

Wide Range

AbstractThe keystone role of Antarctic krill,Euphausia superbaDana, in Southern Ocean ecosystems, means it is essential to understand the factors controlling their abundance and secondary production. One such factor that remains poorly known is the role of parasites. A recent study of krill diet using DNA analysis of gut contents provided a snapshot of the parasites present within 170E. superbaguts in a small area along the West Antarctic Peninsula. These parasites includedMetschnikowiaspp. fungi,Haptoglossasp. peronosporomycetes,LankesteriaandParalecudinaspp. apicomplexa,Stegophorussp. nematodes, andPseudocolliniaspp. ciliates. Of these parasites,Metschnikowiaspp. fungi andPseudocolliniaspp. ciliates had previously been observed inE. superba, as had other genera of apicomplexans, though notLankesteriaandParalecudina.In contrast, nematodes had previously only been observed in eggs ofE. superba, and there are no literature reports of peronosporomycetes in euphausiids.Pseudocolliniaspp., parasitoids which obligately kill their host, were the most frequently observed infection, with a prevalence of 12%. The wide range of observed parasites and the relatively high frequency of infections suggest parasites may play a more important role than previously acknowledged inE. superbaecology and population dynamics.

Download Full-text

Remuneration and Performance

SHS Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/shsconf/20208601034 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 86 ◽

pp. 01034

Author(s):

Iriani Ismail

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Qualitative Method ◽

Optimal Performance ◽

External Factors ◽

Interactive Analysis ◽

Analysis Methods ◽

Depth Interview ◽

And Performance ◽

Internal And External Factors

The aim of this study is to explain the role of remuneration in improving the performance of library employees. This study uses the qualitative method which the population is all employees numbering 17 people. Based on interactive analysis methods and ethnographic techniques, its took In-depth interview and observations. Using this analysis, the result showed that the remuneration has an important role in improving employees performance. Some internal and external factors influence it so that optimal performance is obtained. Generally, employees expect that the remuneration has been high to be accepted like as expected. Most employees demands such remuneration to meet their daily needs. External factors also has a strong role so the employees demand high, but not balanced with high performance.

Download Full-text

Notes on the nature of avant-garde and constructivism

Культура и искусство ◽

10.7256/2454-0625.2020.5.32555 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 106-119

Author(s):

Vadim Markovich Rozin

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Avant Garde ◽

Analysis Methods ◽

Figurative Art ◽

The Family ◽

Methods Of Reconstruction ◽

Applied Arts

Based on the materials of the family of architects Zimonenko-Feierstein, this article examines the peculiarities of avant-garde and constructivism. Roman Feierstein and Lyubov Zimonenko graduated the Moscow University of Arctitecture and were taught by pedagogues – the representative of avant-garde and constructivism. To understand the nature of avant-garde and constructivism, the author characterizes the goals and tasks solved by these trends and concepts, as well as analyzes the works of Roman Feierstein and Lyubov Zimonenko. It is demonstrated that constructivists create artistic reality, juxtaposing and simultaneously combining various processes and contents, sending over consciousness of a spectator to a particular reality. This pattern is inherent not only to figurative art, but also literature. The article employs situational and comparative analysis, methods of reconstruction of the works of applied arts and generalization. As a result, the author was able to reveal certain peculiarities of avant-garde and constructivism as an approach and activity, as well as underline that avant-garde and constructivism as approaches also suggest conceptualism. The role of conceptualism consists in outlining and explaining of reality, created by an artist for their audience.

Download Full-text

Disaster Victim Management: Role of Forensic Odontology

Encyclopedia of Forensic and Legal Medicine ◽

10.1016/b978-0-12-800034-2.00238-x ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 288-304

Author(s):

H. James ◽

J. Berketa ◽

D. Higgins ◽

A. Lake ◽

G. Cirillo

Keyword(s):

Forensic Odontology ◽

Disaster Victim

Download Full-text

Microbial characteristics of a methanogenic phenol-degrading sludge

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2005.0500 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 52 (1-2) ◽

pp. 73-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

T. Zhang ◽

S. Z. Ke ◽

Y. Liu ◽

H.P. Fang

Keyword(s):

Dna Analysis ◽

Pcr Amplification ◽

Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽

Anaerobic Sludge ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Microbial Characteristics ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

Microbial properties of a methanogenic granular phenol-degrading sludge were characterized using the 16S rRNA/DNA-based techniques, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification, cloning, DNA sequencing, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The sludge was sampled from an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor, which removed 98% of phenol (up to 1260 mg/l) in wastewater at 26°C with 12 hours of hydraulic retention. Based on DNA analysis, the Eubacteria in the sludge was composed of 13 operational taxonomy units (OTUs). Two OTUs, one resembling Clostridium and the other remotely resembling Desulfotomaculum, were likely responsible for the conversion of phenol to benzoate, which was further degraded by five Syntrophus-resembling OTUs to acetate and H2/CO2; methanogens lastly converted acetate and H2/CO2 into methane. The role of six remaining OTUs remains unclear. Overall, the sludge was composed of 26±6% Eubacteria and 74±9% methanogens, of which 54±6% were acetotrophic Methanosaetaceae, 14±3% and 3±2% were hydrogenotrophic Methanomicrobiales and Methanobacteriaceae, respectively.

Download Full-text

The Role of Extended CFTR Gene Sequencing in Newborn Screening for Cystic Fibrosis

International Journal of Neonatal Screening ◽

10.3390/ijns6010023 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 23 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Anne Bergougnoux ◽

Maureen Lopez ◽

Emmanuelle Girodon

Keyword(s):

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

Newborn Screening ◽

Dna Analysis ◽

Genetic Diseases ◽

Major Drawback ◽

Coding Regions ◽

Sequencing Technologies ◽

Second Tier ◽

Real Challenge

There has been considerable progress in the implementation of newborn screening (NBS) programs for cystic fibrosis (CF), with DNA analysis being part of an increasing number of strategies. Thanks to advances in genomic sequencing technologies, CFTR-extended genetic analysis (EGA) by sequencing its coding regions has become affordable and has already been included as part of a limited number of core NBS programs, to the benefit of admixed populations. Based on results analysis of existing programs, the values and challenges of EGA are reviewed in the perspective of its implementation on a larger scale. Sensitivity would be increased at best by using EGA as a second tier, but this could be at the expense of positive predictive value, which improves, however, if EGA is applied after testing a variant panel. The increased detection of babies with an inconclusive diagnosis has proved to be a major drawback in programs using EGA. The lack of knowledge on pathogenicity and penetrance associated with numerous variants hinders the introduction of EGA as a second tier, but EGA with filtering for all known CF variants with full penetrance could be a solution. The issue of incomplete knowledge is a real challenge in terms of the implemention of NBS extended to many genetic diseases.

Download Full-text

Malaria and red cell genetic defects

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v74.4.1213.1213 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 74 (4) ◽

pp. 1213-1221 ◽

Cited By ~ 75

Author(s):

RL Nagel ◽

EF Jr Roth

Keyword(s):

Culture System ◽

Potential Role ◽

Dna Analysis ◽

Red Cell ◽

Metabolic Products ◽

Recombinant Technology ◽

Host Parasite ◽

Made In

Abstract The study of inherited RBC resistance to malaria has increased our knowledge of the biochemistry and physiology of the host-parasite interaction and suggested potential sites for therapeutic intervention. Discovery by Jensen and Trager of the in vitro culture system for P falciparum has facilitated research in this area. Known RBC defects may affect invasion, growth, or merozoite liberation (Fig 1). Significant advances made in understanding mechanisms underlying protection against malaria should not obscure the fact that the data are far from complete. More knowledge is needed about the influence of the erythrocyte cytoskeleton on invasion and growth of parasites as well as the potential role of phospholipids, erythrocyte enzymes other than G6PD, or other metabolic products. Application of DNA analysis and recombinant technology may have an increasing impact on study of the interaction of RBC defects with malarial parasites.

Download Full-text

Empirical Studies of Designer Thinking: Past, Present, and Future

Journal of Mechanical Design ◽

10.1115/1.4029025 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 137 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

Mahmoud Dinar ◽

Jami J. Shah ◽

Jonathan Cagan ◽

Larry Leifer ◽

Julie Linsey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Group Dynamics ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Statistical Design ◽

Cognitive Models ◽

Design Methods ◽

Statistical Design Of Experiments ◽

Analysis Methods ◽

Computer Based ◽

Ideation Methods

Understanding how designers think is core to advancing design methods, tools, and outcomes. Engineering researchers have effectively turned to cognitive science approaches to studying the engineering design process. Empirical methods used for studying designer thinking have included verbal protocols, case studies, and controlled experiments. Studies have looked at the role of design methods, strategies, tools, environment, experience, and group dynamics. Early empirical studies were casual and exploratory with loosely defined objectives and informal analysis methods. Current studies have become more formal, factor controlled, aiming at hypothesis testing, using statistical design of experiments (DOE) and analysis methods such as analysis of variations (ANOVA). Popular pursuits include comparison of experts and novices, identifying and overcoming fixation, role of analogies, effectiveness of ideation methods, and other various tools. This paper first reviews a snapshot of the different approaches to study designers and their processes. Once the current basis is established, the paper explores directions for future or expanded research in this rich and critical area of designer thinking. A variety of data may be collected, and related to both the process and the outcome (designs). But there are still no standards for designing, collecting and analyzing data, partly due to the lack of cognitive models and theories of designer thinking. Data analysis is tedious and the rate of discoveries has been slow. Future studies may need to develop computer based data collection and automated analyses, which may facilitate collection of massive amounts of data with the potential of rapid advancement of the rate of discoveries and development of designer thinking cognitive models. The purpose of this paper is to provide a roadmap to the vast literature for the benefit of new researchers, and also a retrospective for the community.

Download Full-text