Independent Thinking in Nursing: An Archaeology of Knowledge Perspective

2022 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Thomas Dombrowsky
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Perspective ◽  
Archaeology Of Knowledge ◽  
Independent Thinking

An archaeological analysis to trace the emergence and transformation of qualified physical education teachers in Singapore primary schools

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-84
Author(s):  
Ho Jin Chung ◽  
Muhammad Sufri ◽  
Chee Keng John Wang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
National Archives ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Status ◽  
Archaeology Of Knowledge ◽  
Archaeological Analysis ◽  
Key Events ◽  
Underlying Processes

This study explored the underlying processes associated with the policy of increasing qualified physical education teachers (QPETs) in Singapore primary schools. Data were collected from the National Archives of Singapore, Newslink, NewpaperSG and documents. An ‘archaeological analysis’ by Foucault (1972) was used to trace the discursive conditions which enabled and facilitated the policy. Three distinct elements were borrowed from ‘The Archaeology of Knowledge and the Discourse on Language’, namely: the status – as reflected in the positions of individuals influencing the PE policies and initiatives; the institutional sites – as in the locations of the decisions being exercised, and; the situation – identified by the key events leading to the decision to increase QPETs in primary schools. The conclusions based on the analysis of these elements offer a clearer understanding of the various contributions to the adoption of the policy and serve to provide an insightful lens to policymakers who might seek to redesign the future shape of Physical Education.

The Birth of Foucault’s Method: Epistemology/ Phenomenology, Psychology/Psychiatry

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-50
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Practice ◽  
Critical Dialogue ◽  
Georges Canguilhem ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Archaeological Method ◽  
Psychiatric Discourse ◽  
Archaeology Of Knowledge ◽  
Epistemological Views ◽  
Environment Evolution

This paper analyzes Foucault’s early thinking (from 1954 to 1957) as it bears on psychology, anthropology and psychiatry. The author maintains that Foucault’s texts from that period can be mined for the origins of the Foucault methodology, early indications of its scope, and its first applications. Although Foucault opposed a phenomenology of epistemology and allied himself with the latter, a close reading of his early work reveals a paradoxical synthesis of phenomenological and epistemological views. The influences of Georges Canguilhem, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, and Ludwig Binswanger were decisive here.Foucault adopted the “practice-to-theory” vector from Canguilhem and grounded the history of psychology and psychiatry on the study of essential oppositions: normal - pathological, personality - environment, evolution - history. Merleau-Ponty’s theory allowed him to demonstrate that the ontological perspective of psychology and psychiatry does not match the subject of their research, which is the person and their experience. Foucault’s application of Binswanger and the idea of existence is to problematize the boundaries between psychology and psychiatry and their identity as sciences while formulating the problem of pathology and normality as crucial to their identification. He also considers mental illness as one of the forms of experience. Foucault thus goes beyond the boundaries of psychology and psychiatry to develop his archaeological method. In the Order of things and the Archaeology of Knowledge he makes two philosophical maneuvers: in the first, he rejects the subject; in the second he abandons the continuity of history. Foucault’s early psychological and psychiatric discourse is then the first harbinger of his trespassing the boundaries of disciplines and schools, combining perspectives, and scrutinizing the foundations of scientific practice. A critical dialogue with his own earlier thought is the source of Foucault’s birth as a philosopher.

scholarly journals Utilizing social media in a supply chain B2B setting: A knowledge perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj Agnihotri ◽  
Ashish Kalra ◽  
Haozhe Chen ◽  
Patricia J. Daugherty
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Knowledge Perspective

scholarly journals Francis Hutcheson on Liberty

2020 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. 121-142
Author(s):  
Ruth Boeker
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
Character Development ◽  
Francis Hutcheson ◽  
Detailed Treatment ◽  
Philosophical Writings ◽  
Philosophical Questions ◽  
Independent Thinking

AbstractThis paper aims to reconstruct Francis Hutcheson's thinking about liberty. Since he does not offer a detailed treatment of philosophical questions concerning liberty in his mature philosophical writings I turn to a textbook on metaphysics. We can assume that he prepared the textbook during the 1720s in Dublin. This textbook deserves more attention. First, it sheds light on Hutcheson's role as a teacher in Ireland and Scotland. Second, Hutcheson's contributions to metaphysical disputes are more original than sometimes assumed. To appreciate his independent thinking, I argue, it is helpful to take the intellectual debates in Ireland into consideration, including William King's defence of free will and discussions of Shaftesbury's views in Robert Molesworth's intellectual circle. Rather than taking a stance on the philosophical disputes about liberty, I argue that Hutcheson aims to shift the focus of the debates towards practical questions concerning control of desire, cultivation of habits, and character development.

On the Colonization of Amerindian Languages and Memories: Renaissance Theories of Writing and the Discontinuity of the Classical Tradition

1992 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter D. Mignolo
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Classical Tradition ◽  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Case History ◽  
Western Tradition ◽  
Discursive Formation ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Archaeology Of Knowledge

When George Balandier proposed his theoretical approach to a colonial situation, the colonization of language was not an issue that piqued the interest of scholars in history, sociology, economics, or anthropology, which were the primary disciplines targeted in his article. When some fifteen years later Michel Foucault underlined the social and historical significance of language (‘l'énoncé*’) and discursive formation, the colonization of language was still not an issue to those attentive to the archaeology of knowledge. Such an archaeology, founded on the paradigmatic example generally understood as the Western tradition, overlooked the case history in which an archaeology of discursive formation would have led to the very root of the massive colonization of language which began in the sixteenth century with the expansion of the Spanish and Portuguese empires.

Independent Thinking

2003 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Reuben Hersh
Keyword(s):  
Independent Thinking

Community Power, Power Studies and the Sociology of Knowledge

1970 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Curtis ◽  
John Petras
Keyword(s):  
Sociology Of Knowledge ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Community Power ◽  
Knowledge Perspective ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Power Studies ◽  
Community Power Structures

American social scientists have long been interested in community power structures, but most methodological and substantive developments in this area of research have occurred only in the past fifteen years or so. The published social science literature bearing on this topic now includes well over six hundred items written primarily by political scientists and sociologists. There have been over eighty systematic attempts to present an overall, composite description of the structure of power in particular communities; this research will be our central concern in this paper. These studies are accompanied in the literature by hundreds of critiques of methodological approaches, attempts at conceptual refinement, studies of narrower facets of community political processes, and reviews and commentaries on particular studies. The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to consider the field of community power from a sociology of knowledge perspective by extending the discussion in an earlier research note, and secondly, to point to some procedural guides that seem appropriate for use in further research in this and other areas characterized by "chronic controversies."

THE REFLECTION ON THE NECESSITY OF LEARNING THEORIES IN TEACHING

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Sekerova
Keyword(s):  
Learning Theories ◽  
Clear Idea ◽  
Independent Thinking

The article discusses the necessity of learning theories in teaching. It refers to three learning theories such as constructivism, behaviorism and cognitivism. It describes the role of learning theories in teaching. The article gives a comprehensive and clear idea of necessity of using learning theories. This article will be useful for teachers who are in constant search of effective methods of teaching that motivate students, reveal their potential, independent thinking and other skills.

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