scholarly journals Plasma phospholipid very-long-chain saturated fatty acids and incident diabetes in older adults: the Cardiovascular Health Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 1047-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rozenn N Lemaitre ◽  
Amanda M Fretts ◽  
Colleen M Sitlani ◽  
Mary L Biggs ◽  
Kenneth Mukamal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Phospholipid ◽  
Incident Diabetes ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Long Chain

scholarly journals Plasma Ceramides and Sphingomyelins in Relation to Atrial Fibrillation Risk: The Cardiovascular Health Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul N. Jensen ◽  
Amanda M. Fretts ◽  
Andrew N. Hoofnagle ◽  
Colleen M. Sitlani ◽  
Barbara McKnight ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Behenic Acid ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Long Chain

Background Ceramides exhibit multiple biological activities that may influence the pathophysiological characteristics of atrial fibrillation (AF). Whether the length of the saturated fatty acid carried by the ceramide or their sphingomyelin precursors are associated with AF risk is not known. Methods and Results Among 4206 CHS (Cardiovascular Health Study) participants (mean age, 76 years; 40% men) who were free of prevalent AF at baseline, we identified 1198 incident AF cases over a median 8.7 years of follow‐up. We examined 8 sphingolipid species: ceramide and sphingomyelin species with palmitic acid and species with very‐long‐chain saturated fatty acids: arachidic; behenic; and lignoceric. In adjusted Cox regression analyses, ceramides and sphingomyelins with very‐long‐chain saturated fatty acids were associated with reduced AF risk (ie, per 2‐fold higher ceramide with behenic acid hazard ratio, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.59–0.86; sphingomyelin with behenic acid hazard ratio, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.46–0.77). In contrast, ceramides and sphingomyelins with palmitic acid were associated with increased AF risk (ceramide with palmitic acid hazard ratio, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.03–1.66; sphingomyelin with palmitic acid hazard ratio, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.18–2.55). Associations were attenuated with adjustment for NT‐proBNP (N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide), but did not differ significantly by age, sex, race, body mass index, or history of coronary heart disease. Conclusions Our findings suggest that several ceramide and sphingomyelin species are associated with incident AF, and that these associations differ on the basis of the fatty acid. Ceramides and sphingomyelins with palmitic acid were associated with increased AF risk, whereas ceramides and sphingomyelins with very‐long‐chain saturated fatty acids were associated with reduced AF risk.

Abstract P145: Circulating and Dietary Trans-Fatty Acids and Incident Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianyi Wang ◽  
Fumiaki Imamura ◽  
Wenjie Ma ◽  
Rozenn N Lemaitre ◽  
Irena B King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Trans Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Plasma Phospholipid ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study

Background: While trans-fatty acids (TFA) influence CHD, their effects on type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) are not established, with mixed findings of experimental, short-term intervention, and observational studies. Effects may vary depending on specific TFA subtype or method of assessment (circulating biomarkers vs. diet). Objectives: To examine prospective associations of circulating and estimated dietary TFA with risk of incident DM in older adults. Methods: Plasma phospholipid trans-(t-)16:1n9, total t-18:1, and cis/trans-(c/t-), t/c- and t/t-18:2(n6,9) were measured in blood stored among 3,076 adults in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS), aged 74±5y and free of prevalent DM in 1992. Dietary TFA was estimated among 4,246 adults free of prevalent DM when dietary questionnaires were initially administered in 1989 (n=3,917) or in 1996 (n=329). Incident DM up to 2009 was defined as new use of insulin or hypoglycemic drugs, fasting glucose≥126 mg/dL, nonfasting glucose≥200 mg/dL, or 2-hour post-challenge glucose≥200 mg/dL. The relative risk of incident DM associated with each TFA subtype was assessed using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: Levels of each circulating TFA subtype varied from 2.00±0.73 (% of fatty acids) for t-18:1 to 0.05±0.02 for t/t-18:2. TFA subtypes were moderately to highly intercorrelated (r=0.4 to 0.8), except for t/t-18:2 which weakly correlated with all other TFAs (r<0.1). During 30,927 person-years, 364 DM cases occurred among participants with plasma phospholipid TFA measures. Adjusting for demographics, lifestyle factors, and medical history, lower DM risk was associated with higher levels of t-16:1n9 (Quartile 4 vs. Quartile 1 HR=0.76, p trend=0.03), total t-18:1 (HR=0.71, p trend=0.02) and t/t-18:2 (HR=0.73, p trend=0.04). However, further mutual adjustment for the different TFA subtypes attenuated these inverse associations, and none of the 5 circulating TFA biomarkers were independently related to incident DM (p trend≥0.14 for all). During 50,508 person-years in the dietary analyses, 453 DM cases occurred. Adjusting for demographics, lifestyle, medical history, and other dietary habits, increased DM risk was observed among participants with higher consumption of total TFA (Quartile 4 vs. Quartile 1 HR=1.40, p trend=0.04) and t-18:2 (HR=1.49, p trend=0.006), and t-18:1 consumption (HR=1.32, p trend=0.08), although the latter was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Plasma phospholipid TFA subtypes were not associated, whereas dietary total TFA and t-18:2 were positively associated, with incident DM among older adults. These findings highlight the need to understand how dietary TFA may influence DM and why associations may differ for circulating versus dietary TFAs.

scholarly journals Plasma Phospholipid Saturated Fatty Acids and Incident Atrial Fibrillation: The Cardiovascular Health Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda M. Fretts ◽  
Dariush Mozaffarian ◽  
David S. Siscovick ◽  
Luc Djousse ◽  
Susan R. Heckbert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Phospholipid ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study

Abstract MP14: Long-chain Monounsaturated Fatty Acids and Incidence of Coronary Heart Disease: The Cardiovascular Health Study

Circulation ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (suppl_12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumiaki Imamura ◽  
Rozenn N Lemaitre ◽  
Irena King ◽  
Xiaoling Song ◽  
David S Siscovick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Plasma Phospholipid ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Baseline Risk ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Long Chain

Background: Decades-old animal experiments demonstrated that consumption of large amounts of long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids (LCMUFA, 22:1 and 24:1 fatty acids) caused cardiotoxicity. We recently found that plasma phospholipid 22:1 and 24:1 were associated with higher incidence of congestive heart failure (CHF) in two independent cohorts: the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) and the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. However, their association with incident CHD is unknown. Aim: to investigate association of plasma phospholipid 22:1 and 24:1 levels with incident CHD. Methods: The study included 3,221 adults free of CHD (age=74.9±5.2) in CHS in whom plasma phospholipid LCMUFA were measured in 1992. Incident CHD events from 1992 to 2006 were centrally adjudicated, and we assessed total CHD, including fatal CHD (fatal MI and other CHD deaths) and non-fatal MI. We examined prospective associations of LCMUFA with incident CHD using Cox proportional hazards. We further evaluated potential confounding or mediation by baseline risk factors and incident CHF. Results: Mean±SD phospholipid levels of 22:1 and 24:1 were 0.03±0.01 and 1.96±0.44 percent of total fatty acids. During 34,776 person-years, 628 incident CHD events occurred, including 309 fatal CHD and 401 non-fatal MIs. After multivariable adjustment, higher levels of both 22:1 and 24:1 were associated with higher risk of total incident CHD. Hazard ratios (95% CI) for quintiles 5 vs. 1 of 22:1 and 24:1 levels were 1.48 (1.07-2.06, p trend=0.005) and 1.65 (1.16-2.34, p trend=0.001). The associations with CHD were largely specific to fatal CHD rather than non-fatal MI (Figure). These associations did not change after adjustment for incident CHF and baseline risk factors including circulating lipids, blood pressure, and inflammatory markers. Conclusions: Higher levels of circulating 22:1 and 24:1 LCMUFA were associated with higher incidence of CHD, in particular fatal CHD, supporting the possibility of cardiotoxicity by current levels of LCMUFA exposure.

scholarly journals Circulating Long-Chain ω-3 Fatty Acids and Incidence of Congestive Heart Failure in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 155 (3) ◽  
pp. 160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariush Mozaffarian ◽  
Rozenn N. Lemaitre ◽  
Irena B. King ◽  
Xiaoling Song ◽  
Donna Spiegelman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Long Chain

scholarly journals Circulating Very Long‐Chain Saturated Fatty Acids and Heart Failure: The Cardiovascular Health Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rozenn N. Lemaitre ◽  
Barbara McKnight ◽  
Nona Sotoodehnia ◽  
Amanda M. Fretts ◽  
Waqas T. Qureshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Long Chain

scholarly journals Plasma phospholipid and dietary α-linolenic acid, mortality, CHD and stroke: the Cardiovascular Health Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (7) ◽  
pp. 1206-1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda M. Fretts ◽  
Dariush Mozaffarian ◽  
David S. Siscovick ◽  
Colleen Sitlani ◽  
Bruce M. Psaty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Plasma Phospholipid ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Long Chain

Previous studies have suggested that long-chain n-3 fatty acids derived from seafood are associated with a lower risk of mortality, CHD and stroke. Whether α-linolenic acid (ALA, 18 : 3n-3), a plant-derived long-chain essential n-3 fatty acid, is associated with a lower risk of these outcomes is unclear. The aim of the present study was to examine the associations of plasma phospholipid and dietary ALA with the risk of mortality, CHD and stroke among older adults who participated in the Cardiovascular Health Study, a cohort study of adults aged ≥ 65 years. A total of 2709 participants were included in the plasma phospholipid ALA analysis and 2583 participants were included in the dietary ALA analysis. Cox regression was used to assess the associations of plasma phospholipid and dietary ALA with the risk of mortality, incident CHD and stroke. In minimally and multivariable-adjusted models, plasma phospholipid ALA was found to be not associated with the risk of mortality, incident CHD or stroke. After adjustment for age, sex, race, enrolment site, education, smoking status, diabetes, BMI, alcohol consumption, treated hypertension and total energy intake, higher dietary ALA intake was found to be associated with a lower risk of total and non-cardiovascular mortality; on comparing the highest quintiles of dietary ALA with the lowest quintiles, the HR for total mortality and non-cardiovascular mortality were found to be 0·73 (95 % CI 0·61, 0·88) and 0·64 (95 % CI 0·52, 0·80), respectively. Dietary ALA was found to be not associated with the risk of cardiovascular mortality, incident CHD or stroke. In conclusion, the results of the present suggest study that dietary ALA, but not plasma phospholipid ALA, is associated with a lower risk of total and non-cardiovascular mortality in older adults.

Abstract P044: Plasma Phospholipid Very Long Chain Saturated Fatty Acids and Healthy Aging in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rozenn N Lemaitre ◽  
Mary L Biggs ◽  
Barbara McKnight ◽  
Heidi T Lai ◽  
Xiaoling Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Long Chain

Introduction: Circulating very long-chain saturated fatty acids (VLSFA) are biomarkers of diet and metabolism which impart different biological activities to sphingolipids and may influence physiological pathways relevant to aging. Higher levels of circulating VLSFAs have been associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular outcomes, and diabetes. Apart from these associations, it is unknown whether these biomarkers are related to the maintenance of healthy aging. Hypothesis: Higher levels of circulating VLSFA are associated with lower risk of unhealthy aging. Methods: Phospholipid fatty acids were measured in serial plasma samples collected among participants of the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) in 1992-93, 1998-99, and 2005-06. Incident unhealthy aging was defined as the onset of cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, lung disease, severe chronic kidney disease, ≥1 difficulties with activities of daily living (ADL), or reduced cognitive function (Mini-Mental State Examination<80). We assessed the associations of arachidic acid (20:0), behenic acid (22:0) and lignoceric acid (24:0), with risk of incident unhealthy aging using Cox regression with time-updated fatty acid levels and covariates. Results: Among 2,183 CHS participants with one or more fatty acid measure and healthy aging up to the time of their first VLSFA measurement, mean age at baseline was 75 years, 62% were female, and 12% were black. During median follow-up of 8 years, all but 198 participants failed to age successfully. The most common conditions marking the first occurrence of unhealthy aging were ADL difficulties and CVD (27% each). In analyses adjusted for major risk factors, higher levels of 22:0 and 24:0 were associated with lower risk of unhealthy aging (Table). Conclusions: Higher levels of two circulating VLSFA, 22:0 and 24:0, are associated with lower risk of unhealthy aging. These findings open a new avenue of research into these saturated fatty acids and their possible beneficial role in promoting better aging.

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