scholarly journals Using Relative Tie Strength to Identify Core Teams of Scientific Research

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Meishu Zhang ◽  
Yu Jia ◽  
Nianxin Wang ◽  
Shilun Ge
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research ◽  
Absolute Threshold ◽  
Tie Strength ◽  
Threshold Method ◽  
Research Teams ◽  
Team Members ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Cooperative Relationship ◽  
High Level

In China, it has long become imperative for the management of education and science and technology to build high-level scientific and technological innovation teams. Scientifically and accurately identifying core scientific research teams is an important condition for cultivating and building such teams. The absolute threshold method (e.g., c-level clique at, n- clique, k-core) is the prevailing means of identifying core teams and their core members. In fact, effects such as “the preference-dependent effect”, “the apostle effect” and “the star effect”, the cooperative relationship between the researchers is not even. This study, based on the co-authorship network, found that not choosing the absolute threshold properly can easily lead to poor identification of core members of some teams. Even worse, when the absolute threshold is too large, this “uniform” evaluation criterion of tie strength results in the elimination of some core teams in some disciplines. This paper uses relative tie strength to identify core scientific research teams from a new perspective, which can effectively avoid the situation of some core team members being ignored because of the mandatory requirements of the absolute tie strength among members, and can also solve the challenge of threshold selections for identifying different teams.

scholarly journals A CONCEPTUAL ARTICULATION OF TEAM TRUST ON TEAM PERFORMANCE IN UNIVERSITY SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH TEAMS IN JIANGSU PROVINCE, CHINA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Yun ◽  
Jacquline Tham ◽  
S. M. Ferdous Azam
Keyword(s):  
Team Performance ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Research Teams ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Team Success ◽  
Team Trust ◽  
Conceptual Articulation

The aim of this paper is to establish a conceptual articulation of team confidence in team success in scientific research teams at universities in the province of Jiangsu, China. Many universities have set up scientific research teams in order to produce further scientific research achievements and to promote progress. The study goals of this research are knowledge-based university science research teams. Fundamentally, the main objective of the analysis is to examine the effect of team confidence on team success in scientific research teams at universities in the province of Jiangsu, China. As this is a philosophical paper, to explain the conclusions, this analysis focuses on the empirical and theoretical articulations. Therefore, to achieve the research purpose, current research uses descriptive design as the most suitable study design. The findings indicate that the process variables have continuously attracted the attention of researchers to influence team performance; the relationship between team confidence and team performance has only begun to be explored. Team trust helps team members master team activities, minimise errors and delays, and enhance strategies to accomplish team goals, and develop creative problem-solving skills to better understand key task domains. Even, as successes in scientific research are placed into practical development. It hopes to bring tremendous economic benefits to businesses and the country. JEL: I20; I25 <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0750/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Shared leadership and innovative behavior in scientific research teams: a dual psychological perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongbo Liu ◽  
Suying Gao ◽  
Hui Xing ◽  
Long Xu ◽  
Yajie Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Shared Leadership ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Innovative Behavior ◽  
Research Teams ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Team Members

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanism of shared leadership on team members’ innovative behavior. Design/methodology/approach Paired questionnaires were collected from 89 scientific research teams in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region of China at two-time points with a time lag of 4 months. Then multilevel structural equation model method was applied to analyze the multiple mediating effects. Findings This study finds that: the form of shared leadership in scientific research teams of universities; shared leadership has a positive impact on team members’ innovative behavior; there are multiple mediations in the relationship including synchronization and sequence of creative self-efficacy and achievement motivation. Originality/value According to the “stimulus-organism-response” model, this paper has constructed a multi-level theoretical model that shared leadership influences individual innovation behavior and reveals the “black box” from the perspective of psychological mechanism. It not only verifies that “can-do” shapes “willing to do” but also makes up for the gap of an empirical test of the effectiveness of shared leadership in scientific research teams of universities. Besides, the formal scale of shared leadership in the Chinese situation is revised, which can provide a reference for future empirical research on shared leadership. The research conclusions provide new ideas for improving the management of scientific research teams in universities.

scholarly journals Developing a BIM-Based MUVR Treadmill System for Architectural Design Review and Collaboration

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6881
Author(s):  
Calvin Chung Wai Keung ◽  
Jung In Kim ◽  
Qiao Min Ong
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Human Locomotion ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Design Review ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Physical Constraints ◽  
Simulated Environment ◽  
Set Up ◽  
High Level

Virtual reality (VR) is quickly becoming the medium of choice for various architecture, engineering, and construction applications, such as design visualization, construction planning, and safety training. In particular, this technology offers an immersive experience to enhance the way architects review their design with team members. Traditionally, VR has used a desktop PC or workstation setup inside a room, yielding the risk of two users bump into each other while using multiuser VR (MUVR) applications. MUVR offers shared experiences that disrupt the conventional single-user VR setup, where multiple users can communicate and interact in the same virtual space, providing more realistic scenarios for architects in the design stage. However, this shared virtual environment introduces challenges regarding limited human locomotion and interactions, due to physical constraints of normal room spaces. This study thus presented a system framework that integrates MUVR applications into omnidirectional treadmills. The treadmills allow users an immersive walking experience in the simulated environment, without space constraints or hurt potentialities. A prototype was set up and tested in several scenarios by practitioners and students. The validated MUVR treadmill system aims to promote high-level immersion in architectural design review and collaboration.

scholarly journals Lesion-to-background ratio threshold value of SUVmax of simultaneous [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/MRI imaging in patients with prostate cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhao ◽  
Bernd Hamm ◽  
Winfried Brenner ◽  
Marcus R. Makowski
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Absolute Threshold ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Psma Pet ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Receiver Operating

Abstract Purpose This study aimed to calculate an applicable relative ratio threshold value instead of the absolute threshold value for simultaneous 68Ga prostate-specific membrane antigen/positron emission tomography ([68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET) in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). Materials and methods Our study evaluated thirty-two patients and 170 focal prostate lesions. Lesions are classified into groups according to Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS). Standardized uptake values maximum (SUVmax), corresponding lesion-to-background ratios (LBRs) of SUVmax, and LBR distributions of each group were measured based on regions of interest (ROI). We examined LBR with receiver operating characteristic analysis to determine threshold values for differentiation between multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI)-positive and mpMRI-negative lesions. Results We analyzed a total of 170 focal prostate lesions. Lesions number of PI-RADS 2 to 5 was 70, 16, 46, and 38. LBR of SUVmax of each PI-RADS scores was 1.5 (0.9, 2.4), 2.5 (1.6, 3.4), 3.7 (2.6, 4.8), and 6.7 (3.5, 12.7). Based on an optimal threshold ratio of 2.5 to be exceeded, lesions could be classified into MRI-positive lesion on [68Ga]Ga-PSMA PET with a sensitivity of 85.2%, a specificity of 72.0%, with the corresponding area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.83, p < 0.001. This value matches the imaging findings better. Conclusion The ratio threshold value of SUVmax, LBR, has improved clinical and research applicability compared with the absolute value of SUVmax. A higher threshold value than the background’s uptake can dovetail the imaging findings on MRI better. It reduces the bias from using absolute background uptake value as the threshold value.

Cost Effectiveness Analysis in Short Sea Shipping: Evidence from Northeast Asian Routes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1340
Author(s):  
Xue-Bin Zheng ◽  
Yul-Seong Kim ◽  
Young-Ran Shin
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Short Sea Shipping ◽  
Effectiveness Analysis ◽  
Transportation Modes ◽  
Lift Off ◽  
Cooperative Relationship ◽  
High Level ◽  
Northeast Asian ◽  
The Cost

Nowadays, roll-on/roll-off (Ro-Ro) is an important mode for short sea shipping (SSS) due to its advantages of fast and convenient load and unloading system. Despite the advantages, the market share of Ro-Ro is insignificant compared with lift-on/lift-off (Lo-Lo) in the Northeast Asian region that is geographically suitable for fostering SSS. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to have a better understanding of the effectiveness or Ro-Ro and Lo-Lo in the regional SSS market. For this purpose, this paper develops a model to estimate the total logistics cost of the two transportation modes. The total logistics costs of Ro-Ro and Lo-Lo are calculated on three major SSS routes between Korea and Japan. The results show that Lo-Lo outperforms Ro-Ro on most routes in terms of the cost effectiveness, and Ro-Ro is competitive only for high-priced and time-sensitive cargo. However, it is also documented that Ro-Ro transport has a significant impact on reduction in the total logistics costs when companies integrate the supply chain and improve the cooperative relationship to a high level.

The roles of photochemical and non-photochemical quenching in regulating photosynthesis depend on the phases of fluctuating light conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimei Han ◽  
Lianhong Gu ◽  
Jeffrey M Warren ◽  
Anirban Guha ◽  
David A Mclennan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Photochemical Quenching ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Require Time ◽  
Photosynthetic Productivity ◽  
Fluctuating Environments ◽  
Precise Relationship ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
High Level ◽  
Non Photochemical Quenching

Abstract The induction and relaxation of photochemistry and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) are not instantaneous and require time to respond to fluctuating environments. There is a lack of integrated understanding on how photochemistry and NPQ influence photosynthesis in fluctuating environments. We measured the induction and relaxation of chlorophyll a fluorescence and gas exchange in poplar and cotton at varying temperatures under saturating and fluctuating lights. When the light shifted from dark to high, the fraction of open reaction centers in photosystem II (qL) gradually increased while NPQ increased suddenly and then remained stable. Temperature significantly changed the response of qL but not that of NPQ during the dark to high light transition. Increased qL led to higher photosynthesis but their precise relationship was affected by NPQ and temperature. qL was significantly related to biochemical capacity. Thus, qL appears to be a strong indicator of the activation of carboxylase, leading to the similar dynamics between qL and photosynthesis. When the light shifted from high to low intensity, NPQ is still engaged at a high level, causing a stronger decline in photosynthesis. Our finding suggests that the dynamic effects of photochemistry and NPQ on photosynthesis depend on the phases of environmental fluctuations and interactive effects of light and temperature. Across the full spectra of light fluctuation, the slow induction of qL is a more important limiting factor than the slow relaxation of NPQ for photosynthesis in typical ranges of temperature for photosynthesis. The findings provided a new perspective to improve photosynthetic productivity with molecular biology under natural fluctuating environments.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Team Hometown Diversity and Team Creativity: From the Chinese Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3458
Author(s):  
Jingli Li ◽  
Min Zhao ◽  
Guanjun Xia ◽  
Chao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Team Leaders ◽  
Team Creativity ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Chinese Perspective ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Since no specialized work has researched the relationship between team members’ hometown diversity (team hometown diversity) and team creativity, we investigated their underlying relationship by conducting a two-wave survey from 304 employees in 54 teams and 54 team leaders from 17 companies. The results proved that team hometown diversity was negatively related to both team information exchange and team creativity, while team information exchange was significantly positively associated with team creativity and the mediation effect of team information exchange between team hometown diversity and team creativity was verified. The moderation role of team identification in the relationship between team hometown diversity and team information exchange as well as the moderation function of team conformity on the relationship between team information exchange and team creativity were both verified. This work made at least four contributions. Firstly, it was among the first to research the impact of team hometown diversity on team creativity, which supplemented the gap and provided a new perspective for exploration of team creativity in future. Secondly, we adopted a two-wave design to check the dynamic impact of earlier team information exchange and team conformity on team creativity afterwards, which can be replicated for future studies. Thirdly, by using supervisor and subordinate ratings together and conducting electronic and paper surveys together, the results were more persuasive. Finally, we included a large dataset from a broad range of companies, which maximized the variables and generated our results. The implications and limitations were also illustrated.

scholarly journals The Francescanism of Ignazio Silone/ Il Francescanesimo di Ignazio Silone

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Areti Spinoula
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research ◽  
Italian Literature ◽  
Entire Life ◽  
High Level

Ignazio Silone, one of the last “maestri” of the Italian literature, the intellectual who never betrayed his conscience, will be analysed in our scientific research concerning his francescanism and how the “Poverello di Assisi” along with Francis’s evangelic faith have influenced the tormented Italian writer. An old friend of the protagonist named Pierto Spina writes at Silone’s novel Vino e pane: “creare un regime all’ immagine dell’ uomo”, isn’t this, what Francis had proclaimed in his entire life, combating the human limits in order to reach his “Precious Goal”? Everyone has a goal in life and Silone achieved his through pure religious and political faith maintaining a high level of dignity throughout.

scholarly journals The Francescanism of Ignazio Silone/ Il Francescanesimo di Ignazio Silone

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Areti Spinoula
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research ◽  
Italian Literature ◽  
Entire Life ◽  
High Level

Ignazio Silone, one of the last “maestri” of the Italian literature, the intellectual who never betrayed his conscience, will be analysed in our scientific research concerning his francescanism and how the “Poverello di Assisi” along with Francis’s evangelic faith have influenced the tormented Italian writer. An old friend of the protagonist named Pierto Spina writes at Silone’s novel Vino e pane: “creare un regime all’ immagine dell’ uomo”, isn’t this, what Francis had proclaimed in his entire life, combating the human limits in order to reach his “Precious Goal”? Everyone has a goal in life and Silone achieved his through pure religious and political faith maintaining a high level of dignity throughout.

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