scholarly journals Factor Analysis of Smart Social Media Technology to Promote Professional Learning Communities for Teachers

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Kemmanat Mingsiritham ◽  
Gan Chanyawudhiwan ◽  
Chaiyos Paiwithayasiritham
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Professional Learning Communities ◽  
Learning Communities ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Professional Learning ◽  
Media Technology ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Social Media Technology

This research aimed to study factor analysis of smart social media technology to promote professional learning communities for teachers.   The sample included 900 teachers in basic education, selected by Simple   Random Sampling method. The sample group was divided for exploratory   factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), 450 each. Research tool was a questionnaire with 5 levels of rating scale. Data were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. The results of the study revealed that: 1. Exploratory factor analysis of smart social media technology to promote professional learning communities for teachers consisted of 7 components: 1) professional learning communities for teacher, 2) cloud technology, 3) augmented reality, 4) internet of thing, 5) social  technology, 6) data analytics technology, and 7) mobile technology and 2. Confirmatory factor analysis of smart social media technology to promote  professional learning communities for teachers (SMPLC) found that the model was consistent with the empirical data ( =6.17, df=6, p=0.405).

scholarly journals Pengukuran Aktivitas Pemasaran pada Media Sosial Instagram

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-142
Author(s):  
Arie Indra Gunawan ◽  
Fatya Amalia ◽  
Widi Senalasari ◽  
Vanessa Gaffar
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Social Media Marketing ◽  
Marketing Activity ◽  
Customer Base ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Marketing Activities ◽  
Relationship Interaction

This study aims to measure and validate the variable constructs of marketing activity in Instagram social media. The results of this study will be very meaningful for the study and implementation of measurement of marketing activity in Instagram social media because currently Instagram is a social media that has a large customer base and has activity business therein. This study uses a questionnaire as a means of collecting data that is sent online. The population in this study were social media users who had done online transactions on Instagram social media as many as 352 respondents’ data were collected which were then performed statistical calculations. Confirmatory Factor analysis (CFA) and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) were conducted to measure marketing activities on Instagram social media. The results recommend that the variable marketing activity on Instagram social media can be measured through 6 dimensions consisting of 20 indicator items. These dimensions are visual communication, relationship interaction, delivery of information, recommendations, personalization, and modern elements. All these dimensions and indicators are in construct and consistency declared valid for measuring Instagram social media marketing activities.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur dan memvalidasi konstruk variabel aktivitas pemasaran dalam media sosial instagram. Hasil penelitian ini akan sangat berarti untuk kajian dan implementasi pengukuran aktivitas pemasaran dalam media sosial instagram karena saat ini instagram merupakan media sosial yang memiliki basis pelanggan yang banyak dan terdapat aktivitas bisnis di dalamnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner sebagai alat pengumpul data yang dikirimkan secara online. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah pengguna media sosial yang pernah melakukan transaksi online di media sosial Instagram sebanyak 352 data responden berhasil terkumpul yang kemudian dilakukan penghitungan statistik. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) dan Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) dilakukan untuk mengukur aktivitas pemasaran dalam media sosial instagram. Hasil penelitian merekomendasikan bahwa variable aktivitas pemasaran pada media sosial instagram dapat diukur melalui 6 dimensi yang terdiri dari 20 item indikator. Dimensi tersebut adalah komunikasi visual, interaksi relasi, penyampaian informasi, rekomendasi, personalisasi, dan unsur modern. Kesemua dimensi dan indikator tersebut secara konstruk dan konsistensi dinyatakan valid untuk mengukur aktivitas pemasaran media sosial instagram.

scholarly journals Development of Social Media Addiction Scale: Validity and reliability study

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuray Fırat ◽  
Yaşar Barut
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
English Summary ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cronbach Alpha ◽  
Social Media Addiction ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

The aim of this study is to develop a scale appropriate for the cultural structure that can be used to measure social media addiction in adolescents. For the scale development process, 67 items were created first and a draft form was obtained following the results of pilot scheme and expert opinions. The validity and reliability studies of the scale were conducted with a total of 830 students, 446 male and 384 female students studying in different secondary schools (7th and 8th grades) and high schools in Amasya during the academic year of 2017-2018. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were performed for the validity analysis of the scale. As a result of the exploratory factor analysis, a scale consisting of 24 items and 2 sub-dimensions explaining 51,405% of the total variance was obtained. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed after that and the fit indices were found to be adequate and the two-factor scale was confirmed (x2 /sd=1.89; GFI= .90; CFI = .93; TLI= .92; RMSEA = .052 and SRMR= 0,047).In addition, in order to determine the validity of the scale, its relationship with Bayraktar's (2001) "Internet Dependency Scale" and was evaluated and a significant positive relationship between them was found. The Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient for the subscales and total of the scale was calculated and found to be sufficient (Cronbach α=between .86 and .93). In addition to this, to determine the test-retest reliability, the scale was applied to the same group for three weeks and the correlation coefficients were found significant. As a result, the values obtained indicate that Social Media Addiction Scale is a valid and reliable scale to measure social media addiction of adolescents in Turkey.Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı, ergenlerdeki sosyal medya bağımlılığını ölçmede kullanılabilecek kültürel yapıya uygun bir ölçek geliştirmektir. Ölçek geliştirme sürecinde ilk olarak 67 madde oluşturulmuş, pilot uygulamanın sonuçları ve uzman görüşlerinin ardından taslak bir form elde edilmiştir. Ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmaları 2017-2018 eğitim-öğretim yılında Amasya ilinde farklı ortaokul (7. ve 8. sınıf) ve liselerde öğrenim gören 446 erkek ve 384 kız olmak üzere toplam 830 öğrenci katılımıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ölçeğin geçerlik analizleri kapsamında açımlayıcı faktör analizi ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda toplam varyansın %51,405’ini açıklayan 24 madde ve 2 alt boyuttan oluşan bir ölçek elde edilmiştir. Ardından doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmış ve uyum indeksleri yeterli düzeyde bulunarak ölçeğe ilişkin iki faktörlü yapı doğrulanmıştır (x2 /sd =1.89; GFI= .90; CFI = .93; TLI= .92; RMSEA = .052 ve SRMR= 0,047). Ayrıca ölçeğin ölçüt geçerliğini belirlemek amacıyla Bayraktar (2001) tarafından uyarlanan “İnternet Bağımlılığı Ölçeği” ile arasındaki ilişkiye bakılmış ve aralarında pozitif yönde anlamlı düzeyde ilişki bulunmuştur. Ölçeğin alt boyutları ve toplamına dair Cronbach Alpha güvenirlik katsayısı hesaplanmış ve yeterli düzeyde olduğu (Cronbach α=.86-.93 aralığında) görülmüştür. Bunun yanı sıra test-tekrar test güvenirliğini belirlemek amacıyla ölçek üç hafta arayla aynı gruba uygulanmış ve korelasyon katsayıları anlamlı bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, elde edilen değerler Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı Ölçeği’nin Türkiye’deki ergenlerin sosyal medya bağımlılıklarını ölçmede kullanılabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek olduğunu göstermektedir.

The Hierarchical Model of Exercise Dependence

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayatri Kotbagi ◽  
Laurence Kern ◽  
Lucia Romo ◽  
Ramesh Pathare
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Preliminary Version

Abstract. Physical exercise when done excessively may have negative consequences on physical and psychological wellbeing. There exist many scales to measure this phenomenon. The purpose of this article is to create a scale measuring the problematic practice of physical exercise (PPPE Scale) by combining two assessment tools already existing in the field of exercise dependency but anchored in different approaches (EDS-R and EDQ). This research consists of three studies carried out on three independent sample populations. The first study (N = 341) tested the construct validity (exploratory factor analysis); the second study (N = 195) tested the structural validity (confirmatory factor analysis) and the third study (N = 104) tested the convergent validity (correlations) of the preliminary version of the PPPE scale. Exploratory factor analysis identified six distinct dimensions associated with exercise dependency. Furthermore, confirmatory factor analysis validated a second order model consisting of 25 items with six dimensions and four sub-dimensions. The convergent validity of this scale with other constructs (GLTEQ, EAT26, and The Big Five Inventory [BFI]) is satisfactory. The preliminary version of the PPPE must be administered to a large population to refine its psychometric properties and develop scoring norms.

Equivalent Factorial Structure of the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) in Clinical and Nonclinical Jordanian Populations

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fawzi S. Daoud ◽  
Amjed A. Abojedi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Symptom Inventory ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Item Checklist ◽  
General Psychological Distress

This study investigates the equivalent factorial structure of the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) in clinical and nonclinical Jordanian populations, using both exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The 53-item checklist was administered to 647 nonclinical participants and 315 clinical participants. Eight factors emerged from the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) for the nonclinical sample, and six factors emerged for the clinical sample. When tested by parallel analysis (PA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), the results reflected a unidimensional factorial structure in both samples. Furthermore, multigroup CFA showed invariance between clinical and nonclinical unidimensional models, which lends further support to the evidence of the unidimensionality of the BSI. The study suggests that the BSI is a potentially useful measure of general psychological distress in clinical and nonclinical population. Ideas for further research are recommended.

Understanding Perception of Weight Stigma: Development and Validation of Perceived Weight Stigmatization Scale

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 869-897
Author(s):  
Atiqa Rafeh ◽  
Rubina Hanif
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
University Students ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Weight Stigma ◽  
Principal Component Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Perceived Weight ◽  
Weight Stigmatization

The present study was intended to develop a scale to measure perceived weight stigmatization among people with obesity. The study was conducted in five steps. In first step, three focus group discussions were conducted with female obese university students to get the first-hand information related to weight stigmatization. Step two involved four interviews which were conducted with male obese university students to collect detailed information about weight stigmatization experiences of men. Step three included content analysis of qualitative data for item generation. In step four, judge’s opinion was taken, and a committee approach was carried out to select the items for the initial form of the scale. Items for final form of the scale were selected through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis in step five. For exploratory factor analysis, 150 university students (men = 61, women = 89) were included in the sample, whereas, for confirmatory factor analysis, another group of students (men = 78, women = 72) participated in the study. Principal Component Factor Analysis revealed three meaningful structures including Self-Perception, Perceived Social Rejection, and Perceived Impact containing 43 items. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed this factor structure and all 43 items possessed factor loadings greater than .40. Moreover, results indicated that perceived weight stigmatization had high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = .96) with three subscales having internal consistency .95, .83, and .92 respectively. Therefore, Perceived Weight Stigmatization Scale turned out to be a reliable and valid instrument for measuring perception of weight stigma in adults with obesity.

An investigation into the factor structure of the Cognitive Therapy Scale – Revised (CTS-R) in a CBT training sample

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Sarah Beale ◽  
Silia Vitoratou ◽  
Sheena Liness
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Abstract Background: Effective monitoring of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) competence depends on psychometrically robust assessment methods. While the UK Cognitive Therapy Scale – Revised (CTS-R; Blackburn et al., 2001) has become a widely used competence measure in CBT training, practice and research, its underlying factor structure has never been investigated. Aims: This study aimed to present the first investigation into the factor structure of the CTS-R based on a large sample of postgraduate CBT trainee recordings. Method: Trainees (n = 382) provided 746 mid-treatment audio recordings for depression (n = 373) and anxiety (n = 373) cases scored on the CTS-R by expert markers. Tapes were split into two equal samples counterbalanced by diagnosis and with one tape per trainee. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted. The suggested factor structure and a widely used theoretical two-factor model were tested with confirmatory factor analysis. Measurement invariance was assessed by diagnostic group (depression versus anxiety). Results: Exploratory factor analysis suggested a single-factor solution (98.68% explained variance), which was supported by confirmatory factor analysis. All 12 CTS-R items were found to contribute to this single factor. The univariate model demonstrated full metric invariance and partial scalar invariance by diagnosis, with one item (item 10 – Conceptual Integration) demonstrating scalar non-invariance. Conclusions: Findings indicate that the CTS-R is a robust homogenous measure and do not support division into the widely used theoretical generic versus CBT-specific competency subscales. Investigation into the CTS-R factor structure in other populations is warranted.

scholarly journals Validation of the Spanish-Mexican Version of the Australian Breastfeeding Attitude Questionnaire in Higher Education Health Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4609
Author(s):  
Gabriela Alejandra Grover-Baltazar ◽  
Gabriela Macedo-Ojeda ◽  
Ana Sandoval-Rodríguez ◽  
Marianne Martínez-Vizmanos ◽  
Lucrecia Carrera-Quintanar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Valid Instrument ◽  
The One ◽  
Breastfeeding Attitudes

Positive attitudes towards breastfeeding in health professionals/students have been associated with increasing their confidence to provide support and accompaniment to mothers. In Mexico, there is no valid/reliable tool to assess attitudes towards breastfeeding in this population. The Australian Breastfeeding Attitudes (and Knowledge) Questionnaire (ABAQ) measures attitudes in the Australian population. We aimed to adapt and validate the ABAQ in Mexican health students. We included 264 health students (nursing, nutrition, and medicine) from the University of Guadalajara. Bilingual translators carried out the Spanish adaptation with a reverse translation into English. Experts evaluated the content validity. Reliability was evaluated through an internal consistency analysis (Cronbach’s alpha) and construct validity through convergent–divergent validation, item–total correlation, exploratory factor analysis (by principal components), and confirmatory factor analysis. According to the exploratory factor analysis, only one component was identified. Seven items were removed (low correlation between items ≤0.2 and low factor load ≤0.3). The Cronbach’s alpha was 0.78. According to the confirmatory factor analysis, the one-factor solution of the ABAQ-13Mx showed a good model fit (X2 = 98.41, G = 62, p = 0.02, CFI = 0.940, and RMSEA = 0.048). The ABAQ-13Mx is a reliable and valid instrument for evaluating attitudes towards breastfeeding in Mexican health degree students.

Development and Validation of a Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity Scale for Low-Income Adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Cheng Li ◽  
Christy Hullings ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Debra M. Palmer Keenan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Fit Index

Background: Low-income adolescents’ physical activity (PA) levels fall below current recommendations. Perceived barriers to physical activity (PBPA) are likely significant predictors of PA levels; however, valid and reliable measures to assess PA barriers are lacking. This manuscript describes the development of the PBPA Survey for Low-Income Adolescents. Methods: A mixed-method approach was used. Items identified from the literature and revised for clarity and appropriateness (postcognitive interviews) were assessed for test–retest reliability with 74 adolescents using intraclass correlation coefficient. Items demonstrating low intraclass correlation coefficients or floor effects were removed. Both exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis analyses (n = 1914 low-income teens) were used to finalize the scale; internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach’s alpha. Concurrent validity was established by correlating the PBPA with the PA questionnaire for adolescents using a Spearman correlation. Results: The exploratory factor analysis yielded a 38-item, 7-factor solution, which was cross-validated by confirmatory factor analysis (comparative-fit index, nonnormed fit index = .90). The scale’s Cronbach’s alpha was .94, with subscales ranging from .70 to .88. The PBPA Survey for Low-Income Adolescents’ concurrent validity was supported by a negative PA questionnaire for adolescents’ correlation values. Conclusion: The PBPA Survey for Low-Income Adolescents can be used to better understand the relationship between PBPA among low-income teens. Further research is warranted to validate the scale with other adolescent subgroups.

Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Burden Scale for Family Caregivers-Short Form

2021 ◽  
pp. 106648072110524
Author(s):  
Rachel R. Tambling ◽  
Carissa D’Aniello ◽  
Beth S. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Caregiving Burden ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Burden Scale

Caregiver burden describes the physical, psychological, social, and financial demands of providing care to others. Caregiver burden has been investigated in general, and off-time caregiving often specific to chronic, recurring conditions. Despite the substantial research attention to caregiving burden, there have been few studies aimed establishing the psychometric evaluation of measurement tools used to measure the construct ( Pendergrass et al., 2018 ). Accurate measurement of caregiving burden is essential for studying the myriad effects on caregivers’ mental, physical, financial, and relational health. To begin to fill this gap, we conducted an exploratory factor analysis and a confirmatory factor analysis of the Burden Scale for Family Caregivers ( Pendergrass et al., 2018 ) in two distinct samples. Results of an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) indicated a one factor solution. Implications for these findings on the study of caregiver burden are included.

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