scholarly journals ECONOMIC IMPACT OF NEW GREEN BUILDING CODE ON RESIDENTIAL PROJECT DEVELOPMENT FROM ENERGY CONSUMPTION PERSPECTIVES

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 105-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Lee Kim ◽  
Martin Greene ◽  
Sunkuk Kim
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Building Code ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Significant Difference

The new Green Building Code impacts the design and construction of building systems, which are vital for energy consumption estimation, especially since electricity prices are of great interest to today's consumers. Through the integration of energy consumption and utility bills, this paper presents the results of the economic impacts of installing various energy efficient systems required by the Green Building Code. Energy consumption prediction models are developed using multiple regression statistical methods based on electricity data collected from 110 single-family houses located in Los Angeles, California, USA. These prediction models have found a significant difference in electricity consumption of a single-family house prior to the introduction of the code and after its introduction. In addition, life cycle cost analysis on two of the featured systems, photovoltaic system and hybrid water heater, discovered that consumers can pay off their up-front investments in state-of-the-art energy efficient systems and appliances and earn a profit within the stated life cycle time period. The findings provide useful guidelines for making initial monetary decisions in the residential building industry.

scholarly journals Least Cost Analysis of Energy Efficiency Upgrades for Ontario Using Trnsys

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Fereidouni Kondri
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Residential Housing ◽  
Domestic Hot Water

This report presents the methodology for determining least cost energy efficient upgrade solutions in new residential housing using brute force sequential search (BFSS) method for integration into the reference house to reduce energy consumption while minimizing the net present value (NPV) of life cycle costs. The results showed that, based on the life cycle cost analysis of 30 years, the optimal upgrades resulted in the average of 19.25% (case 1), 31% (case 2a), and 21% (case 2b) reduction in annual energy consumption. Economic conditions affect the sequencing of the upgrades. In this respect the preferred upgrades to be performed in order are; domestic hot water heating, above grade wall insulation, cooling systems, ceiling insulation, floor insulation, heat recovery ventilator, basement slab insulation and below grade wall insulation. When the gas commodity pricing becomes high, the more energy efficient upgrades for domestic hot water (DHW) get selected at a cost premium.

Electrical performance results of an energy efficient building with an integrated photovoltaic system

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 2-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sosten Ziuku ◽  
Edson L. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Building Integrated Photovoltaics ◽  
The North ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

A 3.8 kW rooftop photovoltaic generator has been installed on an energy efficient house built at the University of Fort Hare, Alice campus, South Africa. The system, located on the north facing roof, started generating electrical power in February 2009. In addition to providing electrical energy, the photovoltaic panels also act as the building roofing material. An instrumentation and data acquisition system was installed to record the indoor and outdoor ambient temperature, indoor and outdoor relative humidity, wind speed and direction, solar irradiance, electrical energy produced by the solar panels and the household energy consumption. This paper presents the initial results of the electrical performance of the building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) generator and energy consumption patterns in the energy efficient house.

scholarly journals Life Cycle Energy Assessment of a School Building under Envelope Retrofit: An Approach towards Environmental Impact Reduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 03028
Author(s):  
Nazanin Moazzen ◽  
Mustafa Erkan Karagüler ◽  
Touraj Ashrafian
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
School Building ◽  
The Impact

Energy efficiency of existing buildings is a concept to manage and restrain the growth in energy consumption and one of the crucial issues due to the magnitude of the sector. Educational buildings are in charge of about 15% of the total energy consumption of the non-residential building sector. However, not only operational but also embodied energy of a building should be reduced to get the overall benefits of energy efficiency, where, using energy efficient architectural measures and low emitting materials during every retrofit action can be a logical step. The majority of buildings in Turkey and EU was built earlier than the development of the energy efficiency in the construction sector, hence, without energy retrofit, consume an enormous amount of energy that can be averted significantly by the implementation of some even not advanced retrofit measures. Furthermore, demolishing of a building to construct a new one is not a rational approach concerning cost, time and environmental pollution. The study has been focused on the impact assessment of the various architectural scenarios of energy efficiency upgrading on the Life Cycle Energy Consumption (LCEC) and Life Cycle CO2 (LCCO2) emission. Within the scope of the study, a primary school building is selected to be analysed. Through analysis, the total embodied and operational energy use and CO2 emission regarding the life cycle phase of the building is quantitatively defined and investigated in the framework of life cycle inventory. The paper concentrates on the operation and embodied energy consumption arising from the application of a variety of measures on the building envelope. An educational building with low LCCO2 emissions and LCEC in Turkey is proposed. To exemplify the approach, contributions are applied to a case study in Istanbul as a representative school building. The primary energy consumption of the case study building is calculated with a dynamic simulation tool, EnergyPlus. Afterwards, a sort of architectural energy efficient measures is implemented in the envelope while the lighting and mechanical systems remain constant. The energy used in the production and transportation of materials, which are the significant parts of the embodied energy, are taken into account as well.

scholarly journals Least Cost Analysis of Energy Efficiency Upgrades for Ontario Using Trnsys

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Fereidouni Kondri
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Residential Housing ◽  
Domestic Hot Water

This report presents the methodology for determining least cost energy efficient upgrade solutions in new residential housing using brute force sequential search (BFSS) method for integration into the reference house to reduce energy consumption while minimizing the net present value (NPV) of life cycle costs. The results showed that, based on the life cycle cost analysis of 30 years, the optimal upgrades resulted in the average of 19.25% (case 1), 31% (case 2a), and 21% (case 2b) reduction in annual energy consumption. Economic conditions affect the sequencing of the upgrades. In this respect the preferred upgrades to be performed in order are; domestic hot water heating, above grade wall insulation, cooling systems, ceiling insulation, floor insulation, heat recovery ventilator, basement slab insulation and below grade wall insulation. When the gas commodity pricing becomes high, the more energy efficient upgrades for domestic hot water (DHW) get selected at a cost premium.

The Urgency of Green Building’s Development from the Angle of Building Energy Consumption in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 953-954 ◽  
pp. 1561-1565
Author(s):  
Dao Kai Wu ◽  
Yu Hong Zhao ◽  
Xu Ji
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Building Energy Consumption ◽  
Efficient Performance ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Energy Consumption Model ◽  
Consumption Model

Based on a building energy-consumption model, the building energy consumption from 2002 to 2011 in China was figured out. Analysis on building energy consumption trends showed that the building energy consumption would increase inevitably and drastically. Meanwhile, the analysis on green building presented its well energy-efficient performance. The results indicate that green building’s development is an urgent task in China.

scholarly journals The impact of using batteries in micro PV system on profitability of the investment

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 00013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartosz Chwieduk ◽  
Michał Chwieduk
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Family House

The paper presents the results of calculations of energy consumption and economic analysis of the operation of micro photovoltaic installations. Calculations have been made for a single-family house with an energy demand based on real electricity consumption. Two cases have been considered. In the first one, the photovoltaic system contains only PV modules and an inverter. Energy produced is sent to the power grid. In the second case, the PV system also contains batteries. Because of existing regulation conditions, it is better to accumulate produced energy than to sell it to the grid. Costs of construction of the PV systems and money savings during operation of the PV systems have been compared. Conclusions of profitability of analyzed systems have been presented.

A Study of Environmental Impact Assessment on Intrinsic Energy and Full Life Cycle of Typical Energy-Saving Exterior Windows

2016 ◽  
Vol 680 ◽  
pp. 315-322
Author(s):  
Chun Zhi Zhao ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Quan Jiang ◽  
Shi Wei Ren
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Renewable Energy Consumption ◽  
Full Life Cycle ◽  
Policy Objectives ◽  
Full Life ◽  
Intrinsic Energy

This paper established a set of localized intrinsic energy and full life-cycle environmental impacts of database for exterior windows. It deeply surveys and analyzes the non-renewable resource consumption (ADP), non-renewable energy consumption (PED), influence of greenhouse effect (GWP), acidification effect (AP), eutrophication (EP) and inhalable inorganics (RI) closely related national energy conservation policy objectives. These lay the foundation for intrinsic energy of buildings. Meanwhile, It discusses contributions of various exterior windows for energy consumption of buildings, which is conducive to using of green building materials and realization of green buildings.

scholarly journals Mass, Direct Cost and Energy Life-Cycle Cost Optimization of Steel-Concrete Composite Floor Structures

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 10316
Author(s):  
Stojan Kravanja ◽  
Uroš Klanšek ◽  
Tomaž Žula
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Direct Cost ◽  
Composite Structure ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Cost Optimization ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Objective Functions

This paper presents a study showing the optimization of the mass, direct (self-manufacturing) costs, and energy life-cycle costs of composite floor structures composed of a reinforced concrete slab and steel I-beams. In a multi-parametric study, mixed-integer non-linear programming (MINLP) optimizations are carried out for different design parameters, such as different loads, spans, concrete and steel classes, welded, IPE and HEA steel profiles, and different energy consumption cases. Different objective functions of the composite structure are defined for optimization, such as mass, direct cost, and energy life-cycle cost objective functions. Moreover, three different energy consumption cases are proposed for the energy life-cycle cost objective: an energy efficient case (50 kWh/m2), an energy inefficient case (100 kWh/m2), and a high energy consumption case (200 kWh/m2). In each optimization, the objective function of the structure is subjected to the design, load, resistance, and deflection (in)equality constraints defined in accordance with Eurocode specifications. The optimal results calculated with different criteria are then compared to obtain competitive composite designs. Comparative diagrams have been developed to determine the competitive spans of composite floor structures with three different types of steel I beam: those made of welded sections and those made of IPE or HEA sections, respectively. The paper also answers the question of how different objective functions affect the amount of the calculated costs and masses of the structures. It has been established that the higher (more wasteful) the energy consumption case is, the lower the obtained masses of the composite floor structures are. In cases with higher energy consumption, the energy life-cycle costs are several times higher than the costs determined in direct cost optimization. At the end of the paper, a recommended optimal design for a composite floor system is presented that has been developed on the multi-parametric energy life-cycle cost optimization, where the energy efficient case is considered. An engineer or researcher can use the recommendations presented here to find a suitable optimal composite structure design for a desired span and uniformly imposed load.

LIFE CYCLE COST ANALYSIS OF ENERGY EFFICIENT SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayushi Hajare ◽  
Emad Elwakil
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
The United States ◽  
Green Buildings ◽  
Energy Simulation ◽  
Life Cycle Cost Analysis ◽  
Single Family

Residential and commercial buildings account for more than half of the electricity consumption in the United States. There are numerous practical solutions to make buildings more energy efficient and sustainable. Although it is well-established that green buildings are socially, environmentally, and economically beneficial, there is still a lack of green buildings in the residential sector. The installation and upfront costs for these houses are very high. This research aims to facilitate a broader understanding of the cost benefits of energy efficient and sustainable residences. The Life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) approach and energy simulation tools have been utilized and integrated for assessing the traditional single-family residence in the United States. A comparative study has been carried out including passive and net-zero energy through energy simulation software. This analysis will benefit academic researchers and industry practitioners to analyze and evaluate challenges and opportunities in energy efficient and sustainable residences.

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