scholarly journals The impact of using batteries in micro PV system on profitability of the investment

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 00013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartosz Chwieduk ◽  
Michał Chwieduk
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Family House

The paper presents the results of calculations of energy consumption and economic analysis of the operation of micro photovoltaic installations. Calculations have been made for a single-family house with an energy demand based on real electricity consumption. Two cases have been considered. In the first one, the photovoltaic system contains only PV modules and an inverter. Energy produced is sent to the power grid. In the second case, the PV system also contains batteries. Because of existing regulation conditions, it is better to accumulate produced energy than to sell it to the grid. Costs of construction of the PV systems and money savings during operation of the PV systems have been compared. Conclusions of profitability of analyzed systems have been presented.

scholarly journals Stochastic energy-demand analyses with random input parameters for the single-family house

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Koniorczyk ◽  
Witold Grymin ◽  
Marcin Zygmunt ◽  
Dalia Bednarska ◽  
Alicja Wieczorek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Monte Carlo Method ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Stochastic Perturbation ◽  
Random Variable ◽  
Single Family ◽  
The Monte Carlo Method ◽  
Stochastic Perturbation Method ◽  
Family House

AbstractIn the analyses of the uncertainty propagation of buildings’ energy-demand, the Monte Carlo method is commonly used. In this study we present two alternative approaches: the stochastic perturbation method and the transformed random variable method. The energy-demand analysis is performed for the representative single-family house in Poland. The investigation is focused on two independent variables, considered as uncertain, the expanded polystyrene thermal conductivity and external temperature; however the generalization on any countable number of parameters is possible. Afterwards, the propagation of the uncertainty in the calculations of the energy consumption has been investigated using two aforementioned approaches. The stochastic perturbation method is used to determine the expected value and central moments of the energy consumption, while the transformed random variable method allows to obtain the explicit form of energy consumption probability density function and further characteristic parameters like quantiles of energy consumption. The calculated data evinces a high accordance with the results obtained by means of the Monte Carlo method. The most important conclusions are related to the computational cost reduction, simplicity of the application and the appropriateness of the proposed approaches for the buildings’ energy-demand calculations.

scholarly journals Impact of DSM on Energy Management in a Single-Family House with a Heat Pump and Photovoltaic Installation

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 5476
Author(s):  
Sławomir Zator ◽  
Waldemar Skomudek
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
The Self ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Load Shifting ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Family House

This article presents a case study of a single-family house, whose current energy source is electricity only. Nine years ago, the heat source for the heating system and domestic hot water was an oil boiler, which was changed to an air–water heat pump. Four years ago, when Poland formed the basis of the prosumer market, the first photovoltaic system was established. It was expanded in the following years. In this work are presented the impact of using a heat accumulator on the coefficient of performance of the heat pump, the self-consumption of energy from the photovoltaic system, and the cost of purchasing energy. Comparative calculations were made, with the demand-side management (DSM) active on work days, and on free days (weekends and public holidays) it was not. Attention was paid to the self-consumption factor depending on the algorithms used in an energy meter. The prosumer market in Poland was also described. The calculations described the house as having an annual energy self-consumption from photovoltaic about 6% higher than average values obtained in buildings with heat pumps. Simultaneously, due to energy storage in heat and the load shifting in the multi-zone tariff, the cost of purchasing energy was 47% lower than in a single-zone tariff (without heat storage and load shifting).

scholarly journals Savings resulting from coupling the PV with the space cooling system

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 00014
Author(s):  
Bartosz Chwieduk ◽  
Adam Szelągowski
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Electricity Demand ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Electricity Use ◽  
Space Cooling ◽  
Energy Gains

The paper presents results of analysis of possible cooperation of a photovoltaic system with the space cooling devices. The size of the photovoltaic system was determined on the basis of electricity demand of the selected single family house. The demand for the electricity use for cooling and air conditioning had not been taken into account while calculating the size of PV system. On the basis of the heat balance of the building, the demand for cooling in the following hours of a year was determined. The demand for cooling and heating is affected by the heat transfer through walls, windows, floor, roof, and air exchanged through ventilation. Also solar and internal gains were taken into account. Based on Next, a cooling unit was selected. A cooling device was selected to provide enough energy to maintain the thermal comfort of the building in summer. Taking into account parameters of the selected device, the demand for electricity was determined. Based on time and hours of operation of electrical appliances in the building, a chart of electricity demand was created. The demand for cooling was included. Calculated values of the energy demand required to power all devices in the building were compared with the energy gains from the photovoltaic system. In order to calculate the energy generated by the PV system (in following hours of a year) the isotropic model of solar irradiation was used. The input solar radiation data on horizontal surface were downloaded from the website of the Ministry of Investment and Economic Development. In the last paragraphs, savings obtained in result of using the energy generated by the PV system to drive the space cooling system were determined and conclusions from the calculations were presented.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF USING PHOTOVOLTAIC PANELS IN PIGGERY ON GREENHOUSE GASES EMISSION

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech RZEŹNIK ◽  
Ilona RZEŹNIK ◽  
Paulina MIELCAREK
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Co2 Emission Reduction ◽  
Photovoltaic Panels ◽  
The Government

Farm buildings have a large number of unused roofs, where photovoltaic panels may be installed without limiting the agricultural land. In piggeries the largest demand for electricity has the ventilation system. The daily distribution of electricity demand is correlated to the diurnal variation of solar radiation. This allows immediate use the energy produced by photovoltaic panels. The aim of the study was to determine the energy demand of the ventilation system, to design a photovoltaic system for its operation and to determine the CO2 emission reduction. The research was carried out for the deep-litter piggery located in Poland. The demand for electricity was determined on the basis of three-year measurements of electricity consumption in the studied piggery. The photovoltaic system was designed to power the ventilation system. Mean annual demand was 26046 kWh. The designed PV system has power of 27 kWp (23984 kWh yr-1). Energy deficits (4591 kWh·yr-1) were noted for 8 months, and energy surpluses (2528 kWh·yr-1) for 4 months in a year. The reduction of CO2 emissions resulting from the use of a photovoltaic system to supply the ventilation system is 19.1 Mg CO2·yr-1 and represents 3% of the total greenhouse gases emissions from the piggery, expressed in CO2 equivalent. It may increase to 8.6% in case of installing the maximum number of PV panels system (maximum power of 78 kWp; total energy production 68526 kWh yr-1) on the southern part of the roof, but it requires the financial support for renewable energy by the government.

scholarly journals Leakage Current Mitigation of Photovoltaic System Using Optimized Predictive Control for Improved Efficiency

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 643
Author(s):  
Abhinandan Routray ◽  
Sung-Ho Hur
Keyword(s):  
Leakage Current ◽  
Predictive Control ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Common Mode Voltage ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Experimental Laboratory

This paper proposes an optimized predictive control strategy to mitigate the potential leakage current of grid-tied photovoltaic (PV) systems to improve the lifespans of PV modules. In this work, the PV system is controlled with an optimized predictive control algorithm that selects the switching voltage vectors intelligently to reduce the number of computational burdens. Thus, it improves the dynamic performance of the overall system. This is achieved through a specific cost function that minimizes the change in common-mode voltage generated by the parasitic capacitance of PV modules. The proposed controller does not require any additional modulation schemes. Normalization techniques and weighting factors are incorporated to obtain improved results. The steady state and dynamic performance of the proposed control scheme is validated in this work through simulations and a 600 W experimental laboratory prototype.

The Time-Variant Degradation of a Photovoltaic System

2012 ◽  
Vol 135 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Charki ◽  
R. Laronde ◽  
D. Bigaud
Keyword(s):  
Weibull Distribution ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Energy Losses ◽  
Time To Failure ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Modules

This article presents a method developed for carrying out the energy production estimation considering the energy losses in different components of a photovoltaic (PV) system and its downtime effect. The studied system is a grid-connected photovoltaic system including PV modules, wires, and inverter. PV systems are sensitive to environmental conditions (UV radiation, temperature, humidity) and all components are subjected to electrical losses. The proposed method allows obtaining the production of photovoltaic system and its availability during a specified period using meteorological data. The calculation of the production takes into account the downtime periods when no energy is delivered in the grid during this period. The time-to-failure and the time-to-repair of photovoltaic system are considered following a Weibull distribution. This method permits to have a best estimation of the production throughout the lifetime of the photovoltaic system.

scholarly journals Energy self-consumption from PV systems: estimations for two office buildings in Krakow (Poland)

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 00030
Author(s):  
Magdalena Jurasz ◽  
Jerzy Mikulik
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
System Operator ◽  
Pv Generation ◽  
The Impact

The analysis presented in this paper focuses on the energetic aspects of the use of photovoltaic (PV) systems in office buildings. Energy generation from PV system has been simulated on an hourly time scale and compared with the energy demand of two office buildings located in Krakow (southern Poland). The buildings’ annual load exceeded 1 GWh in both cases. The analysis dealt with estimating how much energy generated by a PV system can be utilized on-site (self-consumption) and how big the energy surpluses will be (energy generation greater than demand). Capacities of PV systems ranging from 0.1 to 1.0 MW have been considered. Also, the impact of PV generation on the residual load parameters and changes in the maximal monthly and hourly energy demand were investigated. The results show that although the building energy demand is similar (in terms of annual volume of energy consumed) the potential of PV systems to cover it is different. The 100-kW PV system can reduce the observed hourly peak energy demand by 1% in December but by over 30% in June (respectively, from 171 kWh to 169 kWh, and from 333 kWh to 255 kWh). Considering the annual patterns of the office buildings’ energy demand and PV generation (both have their respective peaks in summer), the application of a PV system changes the office building energy demand pattern significantly from the perspective of the power system operator. After installing 500 kW PV in an office building consuming 1 GWh annually, the months with highest demand are no longer in summer but in winter.

scholarly journals Income Maximisation in a Maltese Household Photovoltaic System by Means of Output and Consumption Simulations

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 7934
Author(s):  
Daniele Zingariello ◽  
Marija Demicoli ◽  
Luciano Mule’ Stagno
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Residential Sector ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Maltese Islands ◽  
High Consumption ◽  
Inclination Angles

The installation of photovoltaic (PV) systems in the Maltese Islands plays an important role in allowing Malta to increase its share in renewable energy to meet the set European Union targets. In the Maltese residential sector, PV systems are generally installed on rooftops of households with a south-facing orientation and a 30° inclination angle. The scope of this study is to present a methodology to maximise the income for residents from electricity generated, by comparing the output of electricity generation with the electricity consumption patterns of different household types and consequently identifying the most favourable installation configurations of these PV systems. The research was carried out by simulating the monthly electricity generation of a 3 kilowatt-peak PV system for a year, as well as the hourly electricity generation for a day in each season of the year using the PVsyst software package. A total of 21 configurations were studied by altering the orientation and inclination angles used to install the PV system. This study confirms that a south-facing PV system inclined at 30° generates the most electricity in a year. However, when compared with electricity consumption patterns of low-, medium- and high-consumption households, it is shown that a south-facing PV system inclined at 40° provides a better income for residents.

scholarly journals Power output enhancement of grid-connected PV system using dual-axis tracking

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Mohammed H.R. Alktranee ◽  
Qudama Al-Yasiri ◽  
Mortda. M. Sahib
Keyword(s):  
Power Output ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Climate Condition ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Surplus Energy ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
One Year ◽  
Family House

The current paper proposes an augmentation of power output production of a single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system using dual-axis solar tracking (DAST). Solarius PV software was applied to design and predict the energy demand for a single-family house over one year under the climate condition of Basra city, Iraq. The performance of the DAST-PV system was compared to another stationary PV system has the same capacity in terms of power output and the reduction of generated emissions over 20 years lifetime. The results showed that the stationary PV system can overcome up to 84.8% of the total electricity demand of the house while DAST-PV system can overcome up to 100% with surplus energy of 9886.55 kWh. Moreover, the greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions avoided by the DAT-PV system were about 34.8% more than the stationary system over the system lifetime.

Fault Diagnosis for Building Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System Based on Analysis of Energy Loss

2013 ◽  
Vol 805-806 ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Peng Xu ◽  
Jin Ming Hou ◽  
Deng Kuo Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Fault Diagnosis ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Diagnostic System ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Simulation And Experiment

The photovoltaic (PV) systems are the most promising options to meet the rapidly increasing energy demand for renewable energy resources development. A simple and well fault diagnosis system can guarantee the normal operation of photovoltaic systems. This paper proposes a simple diagnostic method to tell the operating status of the PV systems by contrasting the simulation parameters and the measured parameters. The diagnostic algorithm uses the irradiance level, the PV modules temperature, the number of PV modules and its output power as the inputs. So, just temperature and irradiance sensors, as well as several power meters are needed in the monitoring system forming part of the fault diagnostic system. The proposed fault detection method has been successfully validated in simulation and experiment.

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