scholarly journals Multi-Storey Residential Timber Construction: Current Developments in Europe

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Lattke ◽  
Steffen Lehmann
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Timber Construction ◽  
Relevant Topic ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Sustainable Materials

This is a research paper with a focus on technical aspects of timber and on recent case studies, discussing the use of timber as multi-frame for multi-level residential buildings in Europe. The authors see this as a relevant topic within the context of the current environmental debate and the use of sustainable materials and construction methods. The conclusion suggests that timber is a high performance construction material adequate for multi-storey residential buildings, even in an urban context.

Multi-level Parallelization of Genotype Imputation on Supercomputers

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwen Zhang ◽  
Long Wang ◽  
Theint Theint Aye ◽  
Juniarto Samsudin ◽  
Yongqing Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Association Study ◽  
Message Passing ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Message Passing Interface ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Job Scheduling ◽  
Genotype Imputation ◽  
Job Level ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
High Performance Requirement

Background: Genotype imputation as a service is developed to enable researchers to estimate genotypes on haplotyped data without performing whole genome sequencing. However, genotype imputation is computation intensive and thus it remains a challenge to satisfy the high performance requirement of genome wide association study (GWAS). Objective: In this paper, we propose a high performance computing solution for genotype imputation on supercomputers to enhance its execution performance. Method: We design and implement a multi-level parallelization that includes job level, process level and thread level parallelization, enabled by job scheduling management, message passing interface (MPI) and OpenMP, respectively. It involves job distribution, chunk partition and execution, parallelized iteration for imputation and data concatenation. Due to the design of multi-level parallelization, we can exploit the multi-machine/multi-core architecture to improve the performance of genotype imputation. Results: Experiment results show that our proposed method can outperform the Hadoop-based implementation of genotype imputation. Moreover, we conduct the experiments on supercomputers to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The evaluation shows that it can significantly shorten the execution time, thus improving the performance for genotype imputation. Conclusion: The proposed multi-level parallelization, when deployed as an imputation as a service, will facilitate bioinformatics researchers in Singapore to conduct genotype imputation and enhance the association study.

scholarly journals Multi-level characteristics of TiOx transparent non-volatile resistive switching device by embedding SiO2 nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sera Kwon ◽  
Min-Jung Kim ◽  
Kwun-Bum Chung
Keyword(s):  
Resistive Switching ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Sio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Visible Range ◽  
Resistive State ◽  
Switching Device ◽  
Structural Density ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Switching Characteristics ◽  
Switching Devices

AbstractTiOx-based resistive switching devices have recently attracted attention as a promising candidate for next-generation non-volatile memory devices. A number of studies have attempted to increase the structural density of resistive switching devices. The fabrication of a multi-level switching device is a feasible method for increasing the density of the memory cell. Herein, we attempt to obtain a non-volatile multi-level switching memory device that is highly transparent by embedding SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) into the TiOx matrix (TiOx@SiO2 NPs). The fully transparent resistive switching device is fabricated with an ITO/TiOx@SiO2 NPs/ITO structure on glass substrate, and it shows transmittance over 95% in the visible range. The TiOx@SiO2 NPs device shows outstanding switching characteristics, such as a high on/off ratio, long retention time, good endurance, and distinguishable multi-level switching. To understand multi-level switching characteristics by adjusting the set voltages, we analyze the switching mechanism in each resistive state. This method represents a promising approach for high-performance non-volatile multi-level memory applications.

scholarly journals To separate or not to separate: what is necessary and enough for a green and sustainable extraction of bioactive compounds from Brazilian citrus waste

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vânia G. Zuin ◽  
Luize Z. Ramin ◽  
Mateus L. Segatto ◽  
Aylon M. Stahl ◽  
Karine Zanotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Chemical Profiles ◽  
Orange Waste ◽  
Sustainable Materials ◽  
Citrus Waste ◽  
Sustainable Extraction

AbstractIncreasing demands to obtain chemicals via greener and more sustainable materials and processes introduces concepts that should be considered and applied from lab to larger scales. Obtaining bioactive chemicals from agro-industrial non-food biomass waste can combine benign techniques and bio-circular economy to reach this goal. After extraction, evaluating profitability and environmental impacts to decide whether separation – and to what extent – is necessary or not is indispensable. This could be integrated into an approach known as sufficiency, as an important criterion for sustainability. From this perspective, Brazil’s annual generation of 8 million tons of orange waste is relevant, since citrus waste has large amounts of high-value compounds, such as pectin, d-limonene and flavonoids. This case study aimed at developing and comparing green and sustainable analytical methods to obtain flavonoids from orange peel. Homogenizer, ultrasound and microwave-assisted extractions were employed using chemometric tools, considering time, sample/solvent ratio, temperature and ethanol concentration as variables to obtain extracts containing hesperidin, naringenin, hesperetin and nobiletin. The bioactive flavonoids were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-UV). Microwave extraction was the most efficient method for obtaining the majority of flavonoids studied, six times more for hesperidin. Moreover, orange waste from different farming models showed diverse chemical profiles showing the importance of this alternative in natural product resources.

Application potential of textile reinforcement in concrete construction for infrastructure buildings: environmental performance and availability

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Reichenbach ◽  
Benjamin Kromoser ◽  
Philipp Preinstorfer ◽  
Tobias Huber
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Resource Consumption ◽  
Ultimate Limit State ◽  
Textile Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Application Potential ◽  
Ultimate Limit

<p>With the building industry being one of the main sources of carbon dioxide emission worldwide and concrete being the main construction material, new strategies have to be developed to reduce the carbon footprint thereof. The use of high-performance materials in structural concrete, as for example textile-reinforced concrete (TRC), seems to allow for a reduction of the resource consumption and the carbon emissions. The present paper addresses potential applications of TRC examining the global warming potential (GWP) of a rail platform barrier. The resource consumption is depicted in a parametrical study in terms of the necessary component height and reinforcement area considering both the serviceability limit state (SLS) as well as the ultimate limit state (ULS). The results clearly indicate an achievable reduction of the GWP during construction when using textile reinforcement made of high-performance fibres. Furthermore, an analysis of the European market was conducted to prove the availability of this new reinforcement type. </p>

scholarly journals Thermal Degradation Characteristic and Flame Retardancy of Polylactide-Based Nanobiocomposites

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuruma Malkappa ◽  
Jayita Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Suprakas Ray
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Degradable Polymers ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Degradation Characteristic ◽  
Sustainable Materials ◽  
Fire Properties ◽  
Intumescent Flame Retardants

Polylactide (PLA) is one of the most widely used organic bio-degradable polymers. However, it has poor flame retardancy characteristics. To address this disadvantage, we performed melt-blending of PLA with intumescent flame retardants (IFRs; melamine phosphate and pentaerythritol) in the presence of organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT), which resulted in nanobiocomposites with excellent intumescent char formation and improved flame retardant characteristics. Triphenyl benzyl phosphonium (OMMT-1)- and tributyl hexadecyl phosphonium (OMMT-2)-modified MMTs were used in this study. Thermogravimetric analysis in combination with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that these nanocomposites release a smaller amount of toxic gases during thermal degradation than unmodified PLA. Melt-rheological behaviors supported the conclusions drawn from the cone calorimeter data and char structure of the various nanobiocomposites. Moreover, the characteristic of the surfactant used for the modification of MMT played a crucial role in controlling the fire properties of the composites. For example, the nanocomposite containing 5 wt.% OMMT-1 showed significantly improved fire properties with a 47% and 68% decrease in peak heat and total heat release rates, respectively, as compared with those of unmodified PLA. In summary, melt-blending of PLA, IFR, and OMMT has potential in the development of high-performance PLA-based sustainable materials.

Early-Age Autogenous Shrinkage of High-Performance Concrete Columns by Embedded Fiber Bragg-Grating Sensor

2009 ◽  
Vol 419-420 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Wei Yun ◽  
Ii Young Jang ◽  
Seong Kyum Kim ◽  
Seung Min Park
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Bragg Grating ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Autogenous Shrinkage ◽  
Strain Sensor ◽  
Bragg Grating ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Sensor Temperature

High-performance concrete (HPC) as a promising construction material has been widely used in infrastructures and high-rise buildings etc. However, its pretty high autogenous shrinkage (AS) especially in its early age becomes one of the key problems endangering long-time durability of HPC structures. This paper carried out the early age AS research of large scaled HPC column specimens by embedded Fiber Bragg-Grating (FBG) strain sensor. Temperature compensation for FBG strain sensor by thermocouple was also attempted in this paper, and the results were reasonable and acceptable comparing with the result compensated by FBG temperature sensor. Reinforcement influence, size effect and temperature effect on HPC AS were also analyzed respectively in this paper.

Technical aspects of biochemical high-performance column liquid chromatography

2020 ◽  
pp. 179-217
Author(s):  
Jörgen Sjödahl ◽  
Keith J. Dilley ◽  
Rolf Eriksson ◽  
Joel Pellerin ◽  
S. H. Parvez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Column Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Technical Aspects

Performance of Adobe Residential Buildings in the 2003 Bam, Iran, Earthquake

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 337-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud R. Maheri ◽  
Farzad Naeim ◽  
Michael Mehrain
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Material Strength ◽  
Earthquake Loads ◽  
Excessive Weight ◽  
General Weakness ◽  
Building Elements

Adobe, in the form of sun-dried bricks and clay or lime/clay mortar, has traditionally been the primary construction material in Iran. Presently, this type of construction still constitutes a notable portion of the buildings in the urban areas and a majority of the buildings in the rural areas. Performance of traditional adobe construction during numerous Iranian earthquakes has generally been poor. Low material strength, poor workmanship, lack of proper connections between building elements, and the excessive weight of the building because of thick walls and massive roofs, are but a few of the shortcomings that contributed to the general weakness of these buildings under earthquake loads. This paper examines the performance of adobe residential buildings during the Bam, Iran earthquake. The current rehabilitation trends for this type of construction in Iran are also discussed.

High performance sustainable materials for automotive applications: dream or reality?

2021 ◽  
pp. 139-155
Author(s):  
Philippe Godano ◽  
James Taylor ◽  
Pascaline Bregeon ◽  
Davide Caprioli ◽  
Luca Mazzarella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Automotive Applications ◽  
Sustainable Materials

scholarly journals Knowledge Base Commons (KBCommons) v1.1: a universal framework for multi-omics data integration and biological discoveries

BMC Genomics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (S11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Zeng ◽  
Zhen Lyu ◽  
Siva Ratna Kumari Narisetti ◽  
Dong Xu ◽  
Trupti Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Omics Data ◽  
Web Interface ◽  
Web Resource ◽  
Privilege Management ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Comprehensive Framework

Abstract Background Knowledge Base Commons (KBCommons) v1.1 is a universal and all-inclusive web-based framework providing generic functionalities for storing, sharing, analyzing, exploring, integrating and visualizing multiple organisms’ genomics and integrative omics data. KBCommons is designed and developed to integrate diverse multi-level omics data and to support biological discoveries for all species via a common platform. Methods KBCommons has four modules including data storage, data processing, data accessing, and web interface for data management and retrieval. It provides a comprehensive framework for new plant-specific, animal-specific, virus-specific, bacteria-specific or human disease-specific knowledge base (KB) creation, for adding new genome versions and additional multi-omics data to existing KBs, and for exploring existing datasets within current KBs. Results KBCommons has an array of tools for data visualization and data analytics such as multiple gene/metabolite search, gene family/Pfam/Panther function annotation search, miRNA/metabolite/trait/SNP search, differential gene expression analysis, and bulk data download capacity. It contains a highly reliable data privilege management system to make users’ data publicly available easily and to share private or pre-publication data with members in their collaborative groups safely and securely. It allows users to conduct data analysis using our in-house developed workflow functionalities that are linked to XSEDE high performance computing resources. Using KBCommons’ intuitive web interface, users can easily retrieve genomic data, multi-omics data and analysis results from workflow according to their requirements and interests. Conclusions KBCommons addresses the needs of many diverse research communities to have a comprehensive multi-level OMICS web resource for data retrieval, sharing, analysis and visualization. KBCommons can be publicly accessed through a dedicated link for all organisms at http://kbcommons.org/.

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