III-V Nitride Based Novel Solid-State Terahertz Power-Source

2012 ◽  
pp. 492-506
Author(s):  
Moumita Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Power Source ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Experimental Realization ◽  
Static And Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
New Class ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Nitride Semiconductor ◽  
Sensitivity Studies ◽  
Doping Profiles ◽  
High Temperature Operation

The static and dynamic characteristics of Wide Bandgap GaN having different structures and doping profiles are thoroughly investigated. The study has established the potential of this WBG semiconductor in fabricating high-power IMPATT devices in the above high frequency regimes. A comparison between the device performances of WZ- & ZB- GaN IMPATTs has shown that WZ-GaN IMPATTs are superior to ZB-GaN IMPATTs as far as output power density, efficiency, and high-temperature operation are concerned. Starting with brief review on state-of-the-art THz devices and on the conventional ATT devices, a details analysis of THz frequency performances of the novel III-V Nitride semiconductor based ATT devices will be presented in this chapter. Application possibilities of such devices in defence and industrial sectors will be presented in a nutshell. Emphasis will be given on the studies on their experimental realization. Photo-sensitivity studies of the new class of devices are also the scope the chapter.

scholarly journals Novel Protein-Repellent and Antibacterial Resins and Cements to Inhibit Lesions and Protect Teeth

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Cao ◽  
Junling Wu ◽  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Bashayer Baras ◽  
Ghalia Bhadila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Dental Resin ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
New Class ◽  
Dental Resins ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Oral Biofilms ◽  
One Year

Orthodontic treatment is increasingly popular as people worldwide seek esthetics and better quality of life. In orthodontic treatment, complex appliances and retainers are placed in the patients’ mouths for at least one year, which often lead to biofilm plaque accumulation. This in turn increases the caries-inducing bacteria, decreases the pH of the retained plaque on an enamel surface, and causes white spot lesions (WSLs) in enamel. This article reviews the cutting-edge research on a new class of bioactive and therapeutic dental resins, cements, and adhesives that can inhibit biofilms and protect tooth structures. The novel approaches include the use of protein-repellent and anticaries polymeric dental cements containing 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM); multifunctional resins that can inhibit enamel demineralization; protein-repellent and self-etching adhesives to greatly reduce oral biofilm growth; and novel polymethyl methacrylate resins to suppress oral biofilms and acid production. These new materials could reduce biofilm attachment, raise local biofilm pH, and facilitate the remineralization to protect the teeth. This novel class of dental resin with dual benefits of antibacterial and protein-repellent capabilities has the potential for a wide range of dental and biomedical applications to inhibit bacterial infection and protect the tissues.

Robot-Aided Neuro-Rehabilitation in Stroke: Neuro-Recovery for Thalamic Lesion

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermano I. Krebs ◽  
Neville Hogan ◽  
Bruce Volpe ◽  
Mindy Aisen ◽  
Lisa Edelstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Thalamic Lesion ◽  
The Novel ◽  
New Class ◽  
Rehabilitation Hospital ◽  
Thalamic Lesions ◽  
Interactive User

Abstract We are applying robotics and information technology to assist, enhance, and quantify neuro-rehabilitation. Our goal is a new class of interactive, user-affectionate clinical devices designed not only for evaluating patients, but also for delivering meaningful therapy via engaging “video games.” Notably, the novel robot MIT-MANUS has been designed and programmed for clinical neurological applications, and has undergone extensive clinical trials for more than four years at Burke Rehabilitation Hospital – White Plains, NY. This paper will review the main result of the pilot clinical trial of the 20 patients focusing on the consequences of thalamic lesions.

Cationic Nanocellulose as Promising Candidate for Filtration Material of COVID-19: A Perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Nor Faiz Norrrahim ◽  
Noor Azilah Mohd Kasim ◽  
Victor Feizal Knight ◽  
Keat Khim Ong ◽  
Siti Aminah Mohd Noor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
Fine Particulates ◽  
Virus Removal ◽  
New Class ◽  
Saliva Secretion ◽  
Surgical Masks ◽  
Filtration Material ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Turn Over ◽  
Airborne Viruses

The threat of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is worrying as millions of people suffered from this outbreak. The COVID-19 can be airborne by attaching to human nasal or saliva secretion of an infected person or suspended fine particulates in the air. Therefore, in order to minimize the risks associated with this pandemic, an efficient, robust and affordable air‐borne virus removal filters are highly demanded for prevention of spreading viruses in hospitals, transportation hubs, schools, and/or other venues with high human turn‐over. Respirators such as N95, N99 and N100 as well as surgical masks have been widely used. To date, there is no filter standards or special filter technologies tailored for effectively adsorbing the airborne viruses. Studies had shown the electrostatic fibers were capable to entrap the negatively charged viruses including COVID-19. Researchers believed that the positive surface charge of filtration material is an important key to efficiently adsorb the negatively charged viruses. Nanocellulose has emerged as a new class of biobased material with promising potential application in the filtration of viruses. Nanocellulose which is uniform in diameter and has excellent nanofibrillar morphology. To the best of our knowledge, lack of study is done to determine the efficiency of cationic nanocellulose as filtration material of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Antibiotic Efflux in Bacteria by the Novel Multidrug Resistance Inhibitors Biricodar (VX-710) and Timcodar (VX-853)

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 4171-4176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Mullin ◽  
Nagraj Mani ◽  
Trudy H. Grossman
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Activity ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Multidrug Efflux ◽  
New Class ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Antibiotic Efflux

ABSTRACT Inhibitors of mammalian multidrug efflux, such as the plant alkaloid reserpine, are also active in potentiating antibiotic activity by inhibiting bacterial efflux. Based on this precedent, two novel mammalian multiple drug resistance inhibitors, biricodar (VX-710) and timcodar (VX-853), were evaluated for activity in a variety of bacteria. Both VX-710 and VX-853 potentiated the activity of ethidium bromide (EtBr), a model efflux substrate, against three clinically significant gram-positive pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Similar to reserpine, VX-710 and VX-853 directly blocked EtBr efflux in S. aureus. Furthermore, these compounds were effective in lowering the MICs of several clinically used antibiotics, including fluoroquinolones, suggesting that VX-710 and VX-853 are representatives of a new class of bacterial efflux inhibitors with the potential for use in combination therapy.

scholarly journals Effect of the Novel Antifungal Drug F901318 (Olorofim) on Growth and Viability ofAspergillus fumigatus

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saskia du Pré ◽  
Nicola Beckmann ◽  
Mariana Cruz Almeida ◽  
Graham E. M. Sibley ◽  
Derek Law ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Hyphal Growth ◽  
Cell Lysis ◽  
Antifungal Drug ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Class ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Germination And Growth

ABSTRACTF901318 (olorofim) is a novel antifungal drug that is highly active againstAspergillusspecies. Belonging to a new class of antifungals called the orotomides, F901318 targets dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) in thede novopyrimidine biosynthesis pathway. In this study, the antifungal effects of F901318 againstAspergillus fumigatuswere investigated. Live cell imaging revealed that, at a concentration of 0.1 μg/ml, F901318 completely inhibited germination, but conidia continued to expand by isotropic growth for >120 h. When this low F901318 concentration was applied to germlings or vegetative hyphae, their elongation was completely inhibited within 10 h. Staining with the fluorescent viability dye bis-(1,3-dibutylbarbituric acid) trimethine oxonol (DiBAC) showed that prolonged exposure to F901318 (>24 h) led to vegetative hyphal swelling and a decrease in hyphal viability through cell lysis. The time-dependent killing of F901318 was further confirmed by measuring the fungal biomass and growth rate in liquid culture. The ability of hyphal growth to recover in drug-free medium after 24 h of exposure to F901318 was strongly impaired compared to that of the untreated control. A longer treatment of 48 h further improved the antifungal effect of F901318. Together, the results of this study indicate that F901318 initially has a fungistatic effect onAspergillusisolates by inhibiting germination and growth, but prolonged exposure is fungicidal through hyphal swelling followed by cell lysis.

A Simplified Model of Desiccant Wheel and Implementation in a Design Tool

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Esfandiari Nia ◽  
Dolf van Paassen
Keyword(s):  
Design Tool ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Desiccant Wheel ◽  
New Class ◽  
Sensitivity Studies ◽  
Optimization Routine ◽  
The Given ◽  
Air Streams

A new class of heat and mass transfer model for a desiccant wheel has been presented and implemented in a design tool. Having studied the behavior of the system in different conditions and sensitivity studies, two physical parameters have been chosen to make simplified models or correlations. Using 1500 data of model solutions, two correlations have been made by an optimization routine in Matlab. These equations correlate outlet air conditions of a desiccant wheel to inlet air conditions of air streams and also the wheel and air speeds. The correlations are limited to be used only in the given range of air conditions and wheel speed. However, the range covers the practical situation that usually happens according to the weather data. The behavior of air conditions in Mollier diagram shows that the error for simulation of a typical cooling cycle to calculate supply air conditions is reduced with a factor of almost 3 times smaller. This shows that even in those ranges with low accuracy the correlations are useful. These simplified equations will be used in the design tools as has been presented in details in this paper.

scholarly journals Biological liquid crystal elastomers

2002 ◽  
Vol 357 (1418) ◽  
pp. 155-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Knight ◽  
F. Vollrath
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Dragline Silk ◽  
New Class ◽  
Detailed Explanation ◽  
Fibrillar Collagens ◽  
Biological Liquid ◽  
Orb Web ◽  
Liquid Crystal Elastomers ◽  
Orb Web Spiders

Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) have recently been described as a new class of matter. Here we review the evidence for the novel conclusion that the fibrillar collagens and the dragline silks of orb web spiders belong to this remarkable class of materials. Unlike conventional rubbers, LCEs are ordered, rather than disordered, at rest. The identification of these biopolymers as LCEs may have a predictive value. It may explain how collagens and spider dragline silks are assembled. It may provide a detailed explanation for their mechanical properties, accounting for the variation between different members of the collagen family and between the draglines in different spider species. It may provide a basis for the design of biomimetic collagen and dragline silk analogues by genetic engineering, peptide- or classical polymer synthesis. Biological LCEs may exhibit a range of exotic properties already identified in other members of this remarkable class of materials. In this paper, the possibility that other transversely banded fibrillar proteins are also LCEs is discussed.

Origami Metastructures for Tunable Wave Propagation

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Thota ◽  
S. Li ◽  
K. W. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Periodic Structures ◽  
Bravais Lattice ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Acoustic Wave Propagation ◽  
New Class ◽  
Wave Characteristics ◽  
Propagation Behavior ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
Wave Tailoring

Wave propagation inside a host media with periodically distributed inclusions can exhibit bandgaps. While controlling acoustic wave propagation has large impact on many engineering applications, studies on broadband acoustic bandgap (ABG) adaptation is still outstanding. One of the important properties of periodic structure in ABG design is the lattice-type. It is possible that by reconfiguring the periodic architectures between different lattice-types with fundamentally distinct dispersion relations, we may achieve broadband wave propagation tuning. In this spirit, this research pioneers a new class of reconfigurable periodic structures called origami metastructures (OM) that can achieve ABG adaption via topology reconfiguration by rigid-folding. It is found that origami folding, which can enable significant and precise topology reconfigurations between distinct Bravais lattice-types in underlying periodic architecture, can bring about drastic changes in wave propagation behavior. Such versatile wave transmission control is demonstrated via numerical studies that couple wave propagation theory with origami folding kinematics. Further, we also exploit the novel ABG adaptation feature of OM to design structures that can exhibit unique tunable non-reciprocal behavior. Overall the broadband adaptable wave characteristics of the OM coupled with scale independent rigid-folding mechanism can bring on-demand wave tailoring to a new level.

scholarly journals The WASP Homologue Las17 Activates the Novel Actin-regulatory Activity of Ysc84 to Promote Endocytosis in Yeast

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1618-1628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alastair S. Robertson ◽  
Ellen G. Allwood ◽  
Adam P.C. Smith ◽  
Fiona C. Gardiner ◽  
Rosaria Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Trafficking ◽  
Actin Polymerization ◽  
Actin Binding ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
New Class ◽  
Actin Binding Domain ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Actin Binding Site

Actin plays an essential role in many eukaryotic cellular processes, including motility, generation of polarity, and membrane trafficking. Actin function in these roles is regulated by association with proteins that affect its polymerization state, dynamics, and organization. Numerous proteins have been shown to localize with cortical patches of yeast actin during endocytosis, but the role of many of these proteins remains poorly understood. Here, we reveal that the yeast protein Ysc84 represents a new class of actin-binding proteins, conserved from yeast to humans. It contains a novel N-terminal actin-binding domain termed Ysc84 actin binding (YAB), which can bind and bundle actin filaments. Intriguingly, full-length Ysc84 alone does not bind to actin, but binding can be activated by a specific motif within the polyproline region of the yeast WASP homologue Las17. We also identify a new monomeric actin-binding site on Las17. Together, the polyproline region of Las17 and Ysc84 can promote actin polymerization. Using live cell imaging, kinetics of assembly and disassembly of proteins at the endocytic site were analyzed and reveal that loss of Ysc84 and its homologue Lsb3 decrease inward movement of vesicles consistent with a role in actin polymerization during endocytosis.

New class of cellulose fiber spun from the novel solution of cellulose by wet spinning method

1992 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Yamashiki ◽  
Toshihiko Matsui ◽  
Keisuke Kowsaka ◽  
Masayoshi Saitoh ◽  
Kunihiko Okajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Wet Spinning ◽  
The Novel ◽  
New Class
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