Internet Addiction

2012 ◽  
pp. 754-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Vondrackova ◽  
David Smahel
Keyword(s):  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Measurement Scales ◽  
The Core ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Scientific Fields

Internet addiction can be defined as overuse of the Internet leading to impairment of an individual’s psychological state; this includes both mental and emotional states, as well as scholastic, occupational, and social interactions. Internet addiction was first mentioned in a clinical context by Kimberly Young in 1996, since then it has received attention from experts in various scientific fields. Perhaps due to its short history, the concept of Internet addiction has not been fully developed and there are still many unanswered questions, particularly regarding the terminology, definition, and its clinical relevance. Realized studies on Internet addiction have focused on (a) prevalence estimates, (b) negative correlates, (c) defining the core components and designing measurement scales and/or diagnostic criteria, and (d) treatment approaches. Future research should focus on clarifying the concept of Internet addiction and related terminology, and creating a standardized instrument for measuring Internet addiction.

Internet Addiction in Context

2019 ◽  
pp. 551-562
Author(s):  
Petra Vondrackova ◽  
David Šmahel
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Measurement Scales ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Basic Approaches

Internet addiction can be defined as the overuse of the internet such that it leads to the impairment of an individual's psychological state (both mental and emotional), as well as their scholastic, occupational, and social interactions. In this chapter, the authors first present a short historical overview of the internet addiction phenomenon and its place in the context of mental health. They then introduce the contributions of major researchers who focused on defining its core components, designing measurement scales and diagnostic criteria. Furthermore, they focus on the main areas of research in this field: the major surveys regarding prevalence rates and the correlates of internet addiction. In the last section, they introduce basic approaches to the treatment of internet addiction.

Citizen Deliberation Online

2019 ◽  
pp. 689-712
Author(s):  
Patrícia Rossini ◽  
Jennifer Stromer-Galley
Keyword(s):  
Political Engagement ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
The Core ◽  
Political Conversation ◽  
Political Talk ◽  
Citizen Deliberation ◽  
The Impact

Political conversation is at the heart of democratic societies, and it is an important precursor of political engagement. As society has become intertwined with the communication infrastructure of the Internet, we need to understand its uses and the implications of those uses for democracy. This chapter provides an overview of the core topics of scholarly concern around online citizen deliberation, focusing on three key areas of research: the standards of quality of communication and the normative stance on citizen deliberation online; the impact and importance of digital platforms in structuring political talk; and the differences between formal and informal political talk spaces. After providing a critical review of these three major areas of research, we outline directions for future research on online citizen deliberation.

Internet Addiction in Adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sławomir Rębisz ◽  
Ilona Sikora
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
Polish Adaptation

AbstractThe possibilities offered by the use of the Internet increasingly intensify the problem of Internet addiction, which has become more prevalent in the last decade, marked by the growing availability of mobile devices and new media and their exacerbation of the problem. Research on Internet addiction, initiated by Kimberly Young at the end of the twentieth century, usually appears in the literature in the context of young people who have been found to be most vulnerable. The phenomenon is known as Adolescent Internet Addiction. Compulsive use of the Internet is a complex phenomenon, its effects being visible in almost all aspects of a young person’s social life. It is manifested in a variety of pathological behaviors and emotional states grouped into several major psycho-physical and social effects that may appear simultaneously, e.g. anger, depression, loneliness or anxiety associated with the lack of access to the network, the weakening of social ties, withdrawal from real life, lack of educational achievement, chronic fatigue or deteriorating health. The authors of this study aim to assess the level of Internet addiction among adolescents in Poland and indicate its main behavioral manifestations, in the students surveyed, which influence their pathological use of the Internet. Our study involved a total of 505 students from three high schools located in Rzeszow (N = 505) and was carried out by questionnaires, including, among others, The Problematic Use of the Internet (PUI) which is the Polish adaptation of Kimberly Young’s Internet Addiction Test (IAT) (Cronbach’s α = 0.89). Statistical analysis of responses from the PUI test allowed us to determine (1) the level of Internet addiction among these adolescents, whereas the univariate (ANOVA) analysis enabled us (2) to verify the hypothesis of the existence of differences in the level of Internet addiction among the investigated groups as far as gender, place of residence or grade are concerned. Generally, the results obtained in our research indicate that the level of Internet addiction among the adolescents investigated is not very high, although two thirds of our respondents showed an above average level of addiction, and every ninth respondent (approximately 11%) was highly addicted to the Internet, men being more often addicted (15.6%) than women (8.3%).

scholarly journals Defining the core components of Family Navigation for autism spectrum disorder

Autism ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 526-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarabeth Broder-Fingert ◽  
Nicole A Stadnick ◽  
Emily Hickey ◽  
Julia Goupil ◽  
Yaminette Diaz Lindhart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Intervention Component ◽  
The Core ◽  
Training And Supervision ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Intervention Description

This study aimed to define the core components of Family Navigation for autism spectrum disorder, a promising intervention to reduce disparities in care for this population. Teams from four trials of Family Navigation for autism spectrum disorder completed the Template for Intervention Description and Replication checklist to outline intervention components. Through intervention component analysis and qualitative synthesis, we identified 11 core components across three domains: Training and Supervision, Navigator Tools, and Navigator Activities. We discuss the importance of identifying these core components and implications for future research and practice.

Internet of Things Testing Framework, Automation, Challenges, Solutions and Practices

2019 ◽  
pp. 87-124
Author(s):  
Karthick G. S. ◽  
Pankajavalli P. B.
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Testing Framework ◽  
The Core ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Device Classification ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The internet of things (IoT) is aimed at modifying the life of people by adopting the possible computing techniques to the physical world, and thus transforming the computing environment from centralized form to decentralized form. Most of the smart devices receive the data from other smart devices over the network and perform actions based on their implemented programs. Thus, testing becomes an intensive process in the IoT that will require some normalization too. The composite architecture of IoT systems and their distinctive characteristics require different variants of testing to be done on the components of IoT systems. This chapter will discuss the necessity for IoT testing in terms of various criteria of identifying and fixing the problems in the IoT systems. In addition, this chapter examines the core components to be focused on IoT testing and testing scope based on IoT device classification. It also elaborates the various types of testing applied on healthcare IoT applications, and finally, this chapter summarizes the various challenges faced during IoT testing.

Sex Addiction on the Internet

Janus Head ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 188-217
Author(s):  
Mark Griffiths ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Sexual Addiction ◽  
Sex Addiction ◽  
Internet Usage ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Sex ◽  
Technological Addictions

The Internet appears to have become an ever-increasing part in many areas of people’s day-to-day lives. One area that deserves further examination surrounds sex addiction and its relationship with excessive Internet usage. It has been alleged by some academics that social pathologies are beginning to surface in cyberspace and have been referred to as “technological addictions.” This article examines the concept of “Internet addiction” in relation to excessive sexual behavior. It contains discussions of the concept of sexual addiction and whether the whole concept is viable. This is done through the evaluation of the small amount of empirical data available. It is concluded that Internet sex is a new medium of expression that may increase participation because of the perceived anonymity and disinhibition factors. It is also argued that although the amount of empirical data is small, Internet sex addiction exists and that there are many opportunities for future research. These are explicitly outlined.

Internet of Things Testing Framework, Automation, Challenges, Solutions and Practices

2022 ◽  
pp. 571-601
Author(s):  
Karthick G. S. ◽  
Pankajavalli P. B.
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Testing Framework ◽  
The Core ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Device Classification ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The internet of things (IoT) is aimed at modifying the life of people by adopting the possible computing techniques to the physical world, and thus transforming the computing environment from centralized form to decentralized form. Most of the smart devices receive the data from other smart devices over the network and perform actions based on their implemented programs. Thus, testing becomes an intensive process in the IoT that will require some normalization too. The composite architecture of IoT systems and their distinctive characteristics require different variants of testing to be done on the components of IoT systems. This chapter will discuss the necessity for IoT testing in terms of various criteria of identifying and fixing the problems in the IoT systems. In addition, this chapter examines the core components to be focused on IoT testing and testing scope based on IoT device classification. It also elaborates the various types of testing applied on healthcare IoT applications, and finally, this chapter summarizes the various challenges faced during IoT testing.

scholarly journals The CORE (Consensus on Relevant Elements) Approach to Determining Initial Core Components of an Innovation

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily H. Kalver ◽  
D. Keith McInnes ◽  
Vera Yakovchenko ◽  
Justeen Hyde ◽  
Beth Ann Petrakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussion ◽  
Military Veterans ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Core Component ◽  
Critical Gap ◽  
The Core ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Stage Process ◽  
Individual Core

Identifying an intervention's core components is indispensable to gauging whether an intervention is implemented with fidelity and/or is modified; it is often a multi-stage process, starting with the first stage of identifying an initial set of core components that are gradually refined. This first stage of identifying initial core components has not been thoroughly examined. Without a clear set of steps to follow, interventions may vary in the rigor and thought applied to identifying their initial core components. We devised the CORE (Consensus on Relevant Elements) approach to synthesize opinions of intervention developers/implementers to identify an intervention's initial core components, particularly applicable to innovative interventions. We applied CORE to a peer-based intervention that aids military veterans with post-incarceration community reintegration. Our CORE application involved four intervention developers/implementers and two moderators to facilitate the seven CORE steps. Our CORE application had two iterations, moving through Steps 1 (individual core component suggestions) through 7 (group discussion for consensus), then repeating Steps 4 (consolidation of component definitions) through 7. This resulted in 18 consensus-reached initial core components of the peer-based intervention, down from the 60 that the developers/implementers individually suggested at Step 1. Removed components were deemed to not threaten the intervention's effectiveness even if absent. CORE contributes to filling a critical gap regarding identifying an intervention's initial core components (so that the identified components can be subsequently refined), by providing concrete steps for synthesizing the knowledge of an intervention's developers/implementers. Future research should examine CORE's utility across various interventions and implementation settings.

Recent Patents on the Structure of Medical Endoscope

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Dong Bao ◽  
Kai Li ◽  
Dong-Bo Qi ◽  
Wei Wen ◽  
He-Jun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Medical Equipment ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Medical Endoscope ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Mechanical Structure ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Further Development

Background: Among the core components of Medical Equipment, the Medical Endoscope is the core functional component of medical equipment, which has become the key research around the world. Objective: By comparing and discussing the patents of the medical endoscope, some valuable conclusions have been drawn to predict the future research and development of the Medical Endoscope. Methods: By analyzing the patent features of the medical endoscope in the mechanical structure, image display, and endoscope system, the function of the medical endoscope on the detection of human internal tissues has been explained. In combination with the key technology of the Medical Endoscope, patents related to the medical endoscope have been studied. Results: With the rapid development of technology in the medical industry and the need for practical applications, there is an increase in the requirements for medical endoscopes. Medical endoscopes have carried out a lot of innovations in mechanical structure, image imaging, and endoscope systems. By comparing the characteristics of various patents of medical endoscopes, the main problems of current medical endoscopes, such as complicated structure and poor lighting imaging effect, are analyzed and summarized. The further development trend of medical endoscopes has also been discussed. Conclusion: By improving and optimizing the mechanical structure of the medical endoscope, the lighting method and the three directions of the system, the performance of the medical endoscope can be improved, the loopholes in the current technology can be solved, and it will be more practical.

A method for defining the CORE of a psychosocial intervention to guide adaptation in practice: Reciprocal imitation teaching as a case example

Autism ◽  
2022 ◽  
pp. 136236132110644
Author(s):  
Sarah R Edmunds ◽  
Kyle M Frost ◽  
R Chris Sheldrick ◽  
Alice Bravo ◽  
Diondra Straiton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Communication ◽  
Core Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Community Practice ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
The Core ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Reciprocal Imitation

Defining the central components of an intervention is critical for balancing fidelity with flexible implementation in both research settings and community practice. Implementation scientists distinguish an intervention’s essential components (thought to cause clinical change) and adaptable periphery (recommended, but not necessary). While implementing core components with fidelity may be essential for effectiveness, requiring fidelity to the adaptable periphery may stifle innovation critical for personalizing care and achieving successful community implementation. No systematic method exists for defining essential components a priori. We present the CORE (COmponents & Rationales for Effectiveness) Fidelity Method—a novel method for defining key components of evidence-based interventions—and apply it to a case example of reciprocal imitation teaching, a parent-implemented social communication intervention. The CORE Fidelity Method involves three steps: (1) gathering information from published and unpublished materials; (2) synthesizing information, including empirical and hypothesized causal explanations of component effectiveness; and (3) drafting a CORE model and ensuring its ongoing use in implementation efforts. Benefits of this method include: (1) ensuring alignment between intervention and fidelity materials; (2) clarifying the scope of the adaptable periphery to optimize implementation; and (3) hypothesizing—and later, empirically validating—the intervention’s active ingredients and their associated mechanisms of change. Lay abstract Interventions that support social communication include several “components,” or parts (e.g. strategies for working with children and families, targeting specific skills). Some of these components may be essential for the intervention to work, while others may be recommended or viewed as helpful but not necessary for the intervention to work. “Recommended” components are often described as “adaptable” because they can be changed to improve fit in different settings where interventions are offered or with different individuals. We need to understand which parts of an intervention are essential (and which are adaptable) when translating interventions from research to community settings, but it is challenging to do this before studying an intervention in the community. This article presents the CORE (COmponents & Rationales for Effectiveness) Fidelity Method—a new method for defining the essential components of evidence-based interventions—and applies it to a case example of Reciprocal Imitation Teaching, an intervention that parents are taught to deliver with their young children with social communication delays. The CORE Fidelity Method involves three steps: (1) gathering information from multiple sources; (2) integrating information from previous research and theory; and (3) drafting a CORE model for ongoing use. The benefits of using the CORE Fidelity Method may include: (1) improving consistency in intervention and research materials to help all providers emphasize the most important skills or strategies; (2) clarifying which parts of the intervention can be adapted; and (3) supporting future research that evaluates which intervention components work and how they work.

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