E-learning in Elementary Education

2012 ◽  
pp. 1096-1110
Author(s):  
Hans van der Meij
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary Education ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Key Terms

E-learning (EL) is defined as communication and learning activities through computers and networks. EL in elementary education is mainly blended with having a teacher present who is steering, at least in a broad sense, what goes on. After defining key terms and introducing pioneers, the main advantages and disadvantages of EL are discussed. Two ground-breaking projects on EL in elementary school are then detailed. The section on EL effects begins with a discussion on drills, which are among the most widely used and effective EL types in elementary education. Meta-analyses show that tutorials (which usually include drills) have consistently been found to be effective, especially in the domains of mathematics and science. Three future research directions on e-learning in elementary school are discussed, including the interactive whiteboard, simulation-based learning environments, and instructions for digital literacy development of students.

A Review of Drug Side Effect Identification Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (26) ◽  
pp. 3096-3104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Deng ◽  
Yige Sun ◽  
Tianyi Zhao ◽  
Yang Hu ◽  
Tianyi Zang
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Drug Side Effects ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Network Methods ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
The One ◽  
Approved Drugs

Drug side effects have become an important indicator for evaluating the safety of drugs. There are two main factors in the frequent occurrence of drug safety problems; on the one hand, the clinical understanding of drug side effects is insufficient, leading to frequent adverse drug reactions, while on the other hand, due to the long-term period and complexity of clinical trials, side effects of approved drugs on the market cannot be reported in a timely manner. Therefore, many researchers have focused on developing methods to identify drug side effects. In this review, we summarize the methods of identifying drug side effects and common databases in this field. We classified methods of identifying side effects into four categories: biological experimental, machine learning, text mining and network methods. We point out the key points of each kind of method. In addition, we also explain the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Finally, we propose future research directions.

Tourism research for the GCC region: Current status and future research directions

2021 ◽  
pp. 135481662199996
Author(s):  
Ali Salman Saleh ◽  
Charbel Bassil ◽  
Arsalan Safari
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Regional Tourism ◽  
Research Theme ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact

Tourism in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries has recently been considered by policymakers as a new avenue for economic diversification. Despite the considerable literature concerning the impact of tourism worldwide, only a limited number of studies have looked at the tourism sector in the GCC region or analyzed its economic, sociocultural, and environmental impacts. This article therefore conducts a systematic review of the state of the literature related to tourism in the GCC region. It provides effective insights about the current status, gaps, and challenges and proposes future research directions in this area for academics, practitioners, and policymakers with an interest in regional tourism development. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses approach was used to identify and select the papers. Some 23 papers were identified and analyzed. The majority of these studies focused on the United Arab Emirates, specifically the Dubai emirate. We found the most dominant research theme to be tourism planning.

Independent E-Learning

2019 ◽  
pp. 120-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle McKain
Keyword(s):  
Independent Learning ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Learning Resources ◽  
Motivation To Learn ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
History Of ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Personal Use ◽  
Khan Academy ◽  
Research Recommendations

Recent advances in technology provide the opportunity for independent e-learning virtually anytime and anywhere. Although technology offers options that can meet the needs of most learners, distractions, and motivation to learn are concerns. This chapter will provide a brief history of independent e-learning and Khan Academy, as well as research on motivation to learn and gamification. In addition, Khan Academy case studies and other independent learning resources will be discussed along with advantages and disadvantages of use. The increase in free e-learning resources that are available for classroom and personal use is changing the world of education and learning. Future research recommendations are also presented.

Developing Digital Literacy

2017 ◽  
pp. 670-685
Author(s):  
Carolyn Haviland Obel-Omia
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Teacher Preparation ◽  
Elementary Education ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Teacher Candidates ◽  
Teacher Education Programs ◽  
Literacy Teachers ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Reading And Writing

Teacher education programs are increasingly responsible for preparing teachers who use technology fluently across curricula. Future teachers must define literacy more broadly than they have in the past to include digital modes of reading and writing. Experience with digital tools in literacy methodology courses provides opportunities for teacher candidates to reflect critically on these tools, preparing teachers to use technology to its advantage in elementary school classrooms. This chapter describes four digital practices designed to engage teacher candidates in participating in and reflecting on authentic reading and writing to develop next-generation literacy teachers. These practices include examples of activities that can be adapted to both teacher preparation and elementary education classrooms.

Techniques, Technologies and Patents Related to Intelligent Educational Systems

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Jim Prentzas ◽  
Ioannis Hatzilygeroudis
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Learning Systems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Learner Characteristics ◽  
Tutoring Systems ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Methods ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Intelligent Methods

E-learning systems play an increasingly important role in lifelong learning. Tailoring the learning process to individual needs is a key issue in such systems. Intelligent Educational Systems (IESs) are e-learning systems employing Artificial Intelligence methods to effectively adapt to learner characteristics. Main types of IESs are Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) and Adaptive Educational Hypermedia Systems (AEHSs) incorporating intelligent methods. In this chapter, the authors present technologies and techniques used in the primary modules of IESs and survey corresponding patents. They present issues and problems involving specific IES modules as well as the overall IES. The authors discuss solutions offered for such issues by Artificial Intelligence methods and patents. They also discuss categorization aspects of patents related to IESs and briefly present the work described in some representative patents. Lastly, the authors outline future research directions regarding IESs.

Modeling Best Practices in Web-Based Academic Development

2011 ◽  
pp. 1578-1595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana K. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Academic Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Teaching Preparation ◽  
American Perspective ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Future Research Directions

This chapter makes a case for the importance of preparing e-teachers by requiring them to have an experience as an e-learner. The chapter begins with a review of the challenges and criticisms of e-learning. Some of the literature indicates that e-learners have been dissatisfied with their learning experiences. Some academics have concerns about the rigour of courses offered through e-learning. The literature of academic development and e-learning is used to link theory with practice. The chapter provides examples of best practice in the preparation of academic staff for e-teaching. Two case studies of lived examples of e-teaching preparation are provided from a North American perspective. Future research directions are outlined, with research questions to be explored regarding the link between the preparation of eteachers through e-learning and the quality of the e-learning experience for students.

Emerging Technologies Serving Cytopathology

2021 ◽  
pp. 1740-1769
Author(s):  
Abraham Pouliakis ◽  
Niki Margari ◽  
Effrosyni Karakitsou ◽  
Stavros Archondakis ◽  
Petros Karakitsos
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Molecular Tests ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Laboratory Information Systems

Cytopathology became a popular since George Papanicolaou proposed the famous test Pap 60 years ago. Today cytopathology laboratories use the microscope as primary diagnostic device; however modern laboratories host numerous modalities for molecular tests and exchange data via networks; additionally, there are imaging systems producing pictures and virtual slides at enormous sizes and volume. The latest technological developments for cloud computing, big data and mobile devices has changed the way enterprises, institutions and people use computerized systems. In this chapter are explored potential applications of these technologies in the cytopathology laboratory including: data storage, laboratory information systems, population screening programs, quality control and assurance, education and proficiency testing, e-learning, tele-consultation, primary diagnosis and research. The impact of their adoption on the daily workflow is highlighted, possible shortcomings especially for security and privacy issues are identified and future research directions are presented.

Modeling Best Practices in Web-Based Academic Development

2009 ◽  
pp. 35-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Academic Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Teaching Preparation ◽  
American Perspective ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Future Research Directions

This chapter makes a case for the importance of preparing e-teachers by requiring them to have an experience as an e-learner. The chapter begins with a review of the challenges and criticisms of e-learning. Some of the literature indicates that e-learners have been dissatisfied with their learning experiences. Some academics have concerns about the rigour of courses offered through e-learning. The literature of academic development and e-learning is used to link theory with practice. The chapter provides examples of best practice in the preparation of academic staff for e-teaching. Two case studies of lived examples of e-teaching preparation are provided from a North American perspective. Future research directions are outlined, with research questions to be explored regarding the link between the preparation of eteachers through e-learning and the quality of the e-learning experience for students.

Integrating Digital Literacy in Competency-Based Curriculum

2020 ◽  
pp. 142-155
Author(s):  
Daniel Otieno
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
21St Century Skills ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Extant Literature ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Local Contexts ◽  
Competency Based ◽  
Future Research Directions

This chapter discusses the integration of digital literacy in competency-based curriculum (CBC). In the introduction, the authors discuss the 21st century skills and their relevance to the competency-based curriculum. The discussion funnels from global, regional, and local contexts. Theoretical perspectives in ICT and the CBC are dealt with to provide a background. Multiple approaches of integrating digital literacy within the curriculum are highlighted later in the chapter. These issues are discussed in the light of the extant literature on digital literacy and the competency-based curriculum. The discussion revolves around the trends, controversies of digital literacy in the CBC with possible solutions put forth towards the end of the chapter. Finally, recommendations and future research directions are made. The chapter concludes with a summary of the major issues discussed in the chapter and recommendations for further reading.

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