Cultivated Lands within Urban Area

2013 ◽  
pp. 143-157
Author(s):  
G. Mauro
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
The City ◽  
The Town

Several studies put in evidence the relevant role of cultivated lands in the urban areas. Using GIS methodologies in order to map agricultural areas near or within the town, it is possible to analyze their relationship with the urban area. In this study, the author used several different cartography sources, like digital cartography and orthophotos, in order to locate the urban domestic gardens and the terraced landscapes accurately. The study area is a medium city of a North-East Region of Italy, Trieste. Built on a hill morphology, it had a great and fast growth in the 19th and 20th centuries. These changes deeply transformed its landform, mainly reducing its surrounding cultivated lands. At present, the residual terraced landscapes are mainly placed in the north side of the city and they represent a kind of “cultural heritage.” On the contrary, the most important garden areas are located in the terrain embankments of the south suburban areas.

scholarly journals «Terek stockaded town, Terek redoubt, Terki?...» (the role of Terek in the history of the North-Eastern Caucasus in the XVI-XVII centuries)

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-131
Author(s):  
Nina Nurmagomedovna Garunova ◽  
Irina Anatolievna Suzdaltseva ◽  
Lilia Nadipovna Galimova
Keyword(s):  
Reference Points ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Russian State ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

This article examines the history of the disappeared Russian settlement-fortress, which refers to the period XVI-XVIII centuries. In earlier sources the city was called the redoubt of the Terek, the Terek fortress, sometimes there is a shorter name -Grater. Later they began to use the name Terek the city, represents the city and fortress near the mouth of the Terek, not far from the now not-existing of the river Tyumenka. In the modern period is the territory of the left Bank of the Old Terek to the North-East of the city of Kizlyar, Republic of Dagestan. Criticized the attempts to identify the history of the two fortresses: Walled town and Floats, as well as their role at the initial stage in the formation of Russian population of Dagestan. Characterized by the influence of the process of renewal of the Cossacks in military servicemen estate on the historical development of areas North-Eastern Caucasus. Attention is paid to issues such as the existence of different versions of the city name, the location where divergent opinions of researchers. Emphasis is placed on the role of the Terek city as the southern Outpost of the Russian state, the conductor's Caucasus policy on the North-Eastern Caucasus. The analysis of the problem, which allowed us to consider the integration of the provincial regions in the periphery of the Russian state in the South of the country, and analyzed the development of reference points to spread the influence of Russia in the XVI-XVII centuries.

scholarly journals Influence of a Great Plains Urban Environment on a Simulated Supercell

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (5) ◽  
pp. 1437-1462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa J. Reames ◽  
David J. Stensrud
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
City Center ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
The North ◽  
The City

Abstract The effect of urban areas on weakly forced precipitation systems has been studied extensively. However, interactions between urban areas and strongly forced convection, such as supercells, remain relatively unexamined. The present study uses simulations of a supercell to quantify the impacts of a large plains urban area on the evolution and strength of a supercell. An initial ensemble of simulations (CTRLE) of a supercell over homogeneous land use is performed using the WRF-ARW Model. Additionally, 108 simulations are conducted in which the land-use pattern of Dallas–Ft. Worth, Texas, is placed inside the model domain, with the city center shifted to be in or near the path of the supercell. Simulations with urban areas are compared to CTRLE, with the aid of hierarchical clustering analysis to form statistically similar groups of simulations. Clustering analyses identify groups of ensemble members with closely located urban areas that have similar patterns of 0–1-km updraft helicity and near-surface minimum temperature and maximum wind speeds. Comparison of these groups of ensemble members to CTRLE suggests the urban area has a significant impact on storm characteristics, particularly on low-level rotation and mesocyclone track. Simulations where the storm passes to the north of or directly over the city center late in its life cycle deviate most significantly from CTRLE. In these members, low-and midlevel mesocyclone strength increases, and the mesocyclone tracks farther south when compared to CTRLE.

scholarly journals Art. XXI.—Tagara; Tēr.

1901 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-552
Author(s):  
J. F. Fleet
Keyword(s):  
Second Century ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Ancient City ◽  
The Family ◽  
The City ◽  
The Town

For more than a century, Indian archæologists have been greatly puzzled about the identity of an ancient city named Tagara. The city is referred to in some of the Indian epigraphic records. Thus, a record of a.d. 997 describes the Śilāhāra prince Aparājita, of the Northern Koṅkaṇ, as Tagara-pura-paramēśvara, or “ supreme lord of the town of Tagara,” giving to him a hereditary title commemorative of the place which his family claimed as its original home. Another Śilāhāra record, of a.d. 1058, similarly applies to Mārasiṁha, of the Karhāḍ branch of the family, the title of Tagara-puravar-ādhīśvara, or “ supreme lord Tagara, a best of towns, an excellent town, a chief town;” and it further describes his grandfather Jatiga II. more specifically, but less accurately, as Tagara-nagara-bhūpālaka, or “ king of the city of Tagara.” And a Western Chalukya record of a.d. 612 specifies Tagara as the residence of the person to whom the grant of a village, registered in that charter, was made. The city is further mentioned, as Tagara, by the Greek geographer Ptolemy, who, writing about the middle of the second century a.d., assigned to it a certain latitude and longitude which have the effect of placing it about eighty-seven miles towards the north-east from another place, mentioned by him as Baithana, which his details would locate about 270 miles on the east-north-east of Barygaza.

The City Walls of Nicaea

Antiquity ◽  
1938 ◽  
Vol 12 (48) ◽  
pp. 437-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfons Maria Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Trees ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Long Sleep ◽  
Water Courses ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City ◽  
The Town ◽  
Subterranean Water

The village of İznik, north-east of Brussa, and far from all traderoutes, is today the mere ghost of what was once an important city. It is quite hidden within the ancient circumvallation, and occupies scarcely a third of the former area of the town. The wall itself, one of -the most impressive and best-preserved Byzantine monuments of Asia Minor, forms an irregular polygon (plan, FIG. I). The lacus Ascanius washes it on the west, while the other sides are bordered by a green, well-wooded plain, gradually giving place on the north-east to the slopes of Elmali dagh. A charming view of the village and walls can be abtained from a small knoll about 300 metres east of the city, with the lake shimmering in the distance and the fields shaded with cypresses, planes, walnut and other fruit-trees. The description of Catullus still holds good (Nicaeaeque ager uber aestuosae, 46.5): nature here is inexhaustible, and gives in abundance of the finest fruits to anyone who tills the earth. From May to October the weather is nearly always good, and in the height of summer the heat can be unbearable. Certainly the air is no longer pure and healthy as it was in Byzantine days; neglected water-courses and pools of subterranean water have brought malaria in their train. Nor is the sea alive with boats, for there is no fishing. Yet within recent years an improvement has taken place in those conditions which gave older travellers reason for feeling melancholy or annoyance, and it begins to look as if the village were slowly awakening from its long sleep.

scholarly journals Geoenvironmental safety of urban areas: approaches and implementation

2019 ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
V. G. Zaikanov ◽  
T. B. Minakova ◽  
E. V. Buldakova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Safety System ◽  
Ecological Safety ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
The City ◽  
Important Form

An urban area is the most important form of space-time interaction between society and nature. It is in the urbanized area that environmental problems are most acute. The developed Strategy of Ecological Safety of Russia for the period up to 2025 almost does not consider the role of geoenvironmental factors in the overall safety of the city. This article defines their place in the system of general ecological safety of urban areas. The structure of geoenvironmental hazards is introduced, and an example of their relationship is given. The algorithm of assessment is proposed and a version of the geoenvironmental safety system is developed for the urban area.

scholarly journals Epidemiological pattern of leprosy in an endemic area of North-East Brazil, 1996-2005: the supporting role of a Nongovernmental Organization

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 629-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Mastrangelo ◽  
Luca Scoizzato ◽  
Emanuela Fadda ◽  
Gilberto Valentim da Silva ◽  
Luimar De Jesus Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Area ◽  
Nongovernmental Organization ◽  
Case Detection Rate ◽  
North East ◽  
Epidemiological Pattern ◽  
Active Detection ◽  
The City ◽  
The Town ◽  
Over Time

In an endemic area of North-East Brazil (the town of Picos, State of Piauí), a nongovernmental organization (NGO) supported the activity against leprosy in connection with governmental health organizations and local agents. The indicators of leprosy elimination were compared over time (within Picos) and across space (Picos versus Piauí). The case detection rate, above 8 per 10,000 people in the last two years of observation, increased over time in Picos (p=0.010). This finding could be due to active detection activities rather than expanding endemicity, as suggested by the reduction in leprosy in children (p=0.053) and the decrease in the proportion of new cases with grade 2 disability (p<0.001). These indicators showed a more favorable time trend in the city than in the State, suggesting that NGO activity was supportive in the battle towards leprosy control.

scholarly journals Transformasi Spasial di Kawasan Peri Urban Kota Malang

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusril Ihza Mahendra ◽  
Wisnu Pradoto
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Spatial Transformation ◽  
City Development ◽  
The North ◽  
High Transformation ◽  
The City

Limited land in the centre of the city will encourage people to choose residing in the suburb area as alternative, which of course also effect transformation in those areas. Spatial transformation that occured in peri-urban area will change the pattern of space utilization existed in that region. The population growth rate of Malang city is approximately 0,86% larger than that in East Java (0,75%). The increasing number of population growth in Malang occured unevenly in all parts of the city. The purpose of this research is to review the spatial transformation occuring in peri-urban area of Malang city by firstly analyzing the location of peri-urban based on its land usage. The analysis is conducted with geographic information system ArcGis 9.3, which is benefited to analyze map overlay dan kernel density analyze. Based on the result of analysis, it is discovered that there is a difference of spatial transformation between the north and south region of peri-urban areas in Malang city. Kedung Kandang district, which is located in the south region, experienced a low transformation with a linier trend of developing land pattern. Meanwhile, Lowokwaru district is experiencing high transformation with a concentric trend of developing land pattern. This difference occured due to several factors, which are population factor like high growth population, center of activity, accessibility, the role of developer, and policy factor related with direction of spatial region patter.The trend of distribution pattern in population density and developed land aimed on the northern part of the city indicated the direction of the city development trend.

A hoard of the Prague grossi from Stará Boleslav (Praha-východ district) II

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Tomáš Jeřábek
Keyword(s):  
New Variety ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Production Period ◽  
The Town

In connection with the earlier article published in 2012 which discussed the hoard of 57 Prague grossi discovered between March 2010 and May 2012 in the field to the north of Stará Boleslav – a historical city and a pilgrimage place situated about 20km to the north-east of Prague – the author presents the missing part of the hoard which was not published in the original article. It includes twelve Prague grossi and four parvi struck under John of Luxembourg. With these additional coins, the entire hoard covers thirteen previously known varieties of the Prague grossi and adds one new variety (no. 11 in the survey table). In order to determine the approximate burial date of the hoard, the author takes into account the assumed production period of the latest variety – Castelin VIII. 47 – and concludes that the hoard could have been buried at some point during the late 1340s or early 1350s. As for the actual reason of depositing, common form of money thesaurisation is assumed, most likely by a resident of Stará Boleslav or a pilgrim visiting the town. At the time of the assumed depositing, the place had already played a role of an important pilgrimage centre for several centuries.

The Distribution of Atmospheric Impurities in the Neighbourhood of an Industrial City

1913 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Crowther ◽  
Dan W. Steuart
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Sulphur Content ◽  
Agricultural Area ◽  
Industrial City ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Efficient Combustion ◽  
Smoke Pollution ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
The City

The rain analyses summarised in this paper bring out very clearly the marked difference in the purity of the atmosphere between the industrial-rural area to the west and south and the purely agricultural area to the north and north-east of Leeds.They show that the sulphur-content of the rain falling at a given station affords a fairly reliable diagnosis of the degree of pollution of the atmosphere by smoke, provided the observations be prolonged over several months. Further, evidence has been obtained in confirmation of that adduced by earlier observers, that the sulphur-content of the leaves of trees may afford useful assistance in the diagnosis of smoke-pollution. In preliminary tests the proportion of sulphur present in the leaf as sulphate gave a sharper grading of the pollution in different districts than the total sulphur.The rain analyses show further that appreciable smoke-pollution still remains throughout the agricultural area at distances of seven miles from the city, the rate of improvement of the atmosphere on passing away from the city into the purely agricultural areas being appreciably slower in the direction of the prevailing winds than in other directions.In a general way the analyses tend to show that the smoke, though in greater quantity, is in a higher state of oxidation in the dirtier or more industrial districts—due to more efficient combustion of the coal.Throughout the industrial-rural area abundant evidence of damage to leaves was found, and there can be no doubt of the consequent check to growth.

Ras al Khaimah: further archaeological discoveries

Antiquity ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 50 (200) ◽  
pp. 216-222
Author(s):  
Beatrice De Cardi
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
The State ◽  
Focused Attention ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

Ras a1 Khaimah is the most northerly of the seven states comprising the United Arab Emirates and its Ruler, H. H. Sheikh Saqr bin Mohammad al-Qasimi, is keenly interested in the history of the state and its people. Survey carried out there jointly with Dr D. B. Doe in 1968 had focused attention on the site of JuIfar which lies just north of the present town of Ras a1 Khaimah (de Cardi, 1971, 230-2). Julfar was in existence in Abbasid times and its importance as an entrep6t during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries-the Portuguese Period-is reflected by the quantity and variety of imported wares to be found among the ruins of the city. Most of the sites discovered during the survey dated from that period but a group of cairns near Ghalilah and some long gabled graves in the Shimal area to the north-east of the date-groves behind Ras a1 Khaimah (map, FIG. I) clearly represented a more distant past.

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