Inputs from the New Economics of Migration of Medical Doctors in Eastern and Central Europe

2013 ◽  
pp. 241-266
Author(s):  
Cristina Boboc ◽  
Emilia Titan
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Brain Gain ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Statistical Validity ◽  
Health Demand

This is a contribution to the new economics of skilled labor emigration that focuses on the mobility of physicians inside European Union from ECE countries. Economic models under risk neutrality and aversion are used. The findings show that the education could change significantly the results on the emigration benefices. Comparisons of theoretical and observed relative human capital per country averages are conducted and ensured the statistical validity of the model used. The empirical results based on the available data on emigration by Docquier and Marfouk (2008) but also by Bhargava, Docquier, and Moullan (2010) allowed further use of the model to understand the current trends in the emigration of physicians and the border between brain gain and brain drain. The countries included in the study all exhibited brain gain between 1991-2004. Each country is encouraged to anticipate the likely effects of this emigration on the economy with the increase of health demand, the domestic wages, and the increase in education capacity for medical doctors.

The New Economics of Skilled Labor Migration

2013 ◽  
pp. 267-292
Author(s):  
Molk Kadiri ◽  
Nada Zouag
Keyword(s):  
Skilled Labor ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
North African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Relative Wages ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Statistical Validity ◽  
Health Demand ◽  
Expected Benefits ◽  
North African Countries

This is a contribution to the new economics of skilled labor emigration that focuses on the mobility of medical doctors from Middle East and North African countries. The theoretical model under risk neutrality and aversion as suggested in chapter 9 is applied. The findings show that the relative expected benefits and the emigration rate have major effects on the net relative human medical capital that remains in the source country. The effects of relative wages in the destination and sending countries besides the yield of education are likely to change the emigration patterns. Comparisons of theoretical and observed relative human capital per country averages are conducted and the statistical validity of the model is ensured. The empirical results based on the available data by Docquier and Marfouk (2006) and Bhargava, Docquier, and Moullan (2010) allow further use of the model to understand the current trends in the emigration of medical doctors. These trends confirm the magnitude of relative wages besides the level of education and the attitude towards risk as determinants of the emigration of skilled labor. The countries included in the study all exhibited brain gain from 1991-2004, but two distinct groups of countries are identified. Each country is encouraged to anticipate the likely effects of this emigration on the economy with the increase of health demand, domestic wages, and the increase in education capacity for medical doctors.

scholarly journals The European Astrophysics Doctoral Network

1998 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
Thomas Patrick Ray
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Graduate Students ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
European Countries ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Western European

In 1986, a group of university astrophysics institutes in eleven Western European countries established a federation known as the European Astrophysics Doctoral Network (EADN). The aims of the EADN, then and now, are to stimulate the mobility of postgraduate students in astrophysics within Europe, and to organize pre-doctoral astrophysics schools for graduate students at the beginning of their PhD research. The network has by now expanded to include about 30 institutes in 17 Western European countries, and ways are being actively sought for expanding the EADN even further to include Eastern and Central Europe. The coordinators have been Prof. Jean Heyvaerts (France) until 1992, Prof. Loukas Vlahos (Greece) 1992–1993 and myself since 1993. The network is financially supported by the European Union “ERASMUS” and the “Human Capital & Mobility” programmes as well as by national funds.

Introduction to Labor and Health Economics

2016 ◽  
pp. 1628-1649
Author(s):  
Ahmed Driouchi
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Health Economics ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Main Components

This chapter introduces the main components of the book and focuses on the shortage in medical doctors, its causes, and its consequences. The implications on migration of medical doctors is also introduced. The role of the new economics of migration is identified as a promising research angle. A series of issues need to be analyzed in order to better understand the global health system and feed economic and social policies. These elements are discussed in relation to the outcomes of the new economics of migration of medical doctors in the context of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), Eastern and Central Europe (ECE), and the European Union (EU).

Beyond Brain Drain

2014 ◽  
pp. 777-797
Author(s):  
Ahlam Fakhar
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

The past decades have witnessed an increase in the pace and a consolidation of immigration of medical doctors and the globalization of the health system. If properly managed, globalization of the health workforce could lead to perceptible gains in health status for all parties involved. In a world economy shaped by strong institutions, globalization could benefit those countries with a strong and human and physical capital. This chapter reviews the importance of immigration and aims at presenting different views on immigration of medical doctors. While the traditional view has been dominated by the rhetoric on “brain-drain,” a new and more promising thread of research has centered on the relatively new concept of “brain-circulation.” Mobility for medical workers and health workers, in general, can be a significant contributor to the formation of scientific and technical human capital, which has been an important driver in economic expansion and social development in many regions of the world. To illustrate the point, the authors use a cooperative framework to elucidate the relationship between immigration of medical doctors and economic development in the long-run using the potential agreement between North Africa and the European Union as an example. The finding could have implications for the capacity of developing countries to turn around and use “circular immigration” as a means to integrate into the emerging knowledge economy.

Introduction to Labor and Health Economics

2013 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Ahmed Driouchi
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Health Economics ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Main Components

This chapter introduces the main components of the book and focuses on the shortage in medical doctors, its causes, and its consequences. The implications on migration of medical doctors is also introduced. The role of the new economics of migration is identified as a promising research angle. A series of issues need to be analyzed in order to better understand the global health system and feed economic and social policies. These elements are discussed in relation to the outcomes of the new economics of migration of medical doctors in the context of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), Eastern and Central Europe (ECE), and the European Union (EU).

Brain Drain and Brain Gain in Europe / Brain Drain und Brain Gain in Europa

1999 ◽  
Vol 218 (5-6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Straubhaar ◽  
Martin R. Wolburg
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Production Function ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Brain Gain ◽  
East European ◽  
Income Differentials ◽  
Eastern European Countries

SummaryThis article seeks empirically for some brain effects in the migration flows from East European countries to Germany. Using previously unpublished Eurostat data we find that highly qualified persons tend to immigrate overproportionally into Germany so that the stock of human capital within the sending countries is reduced. With the help of a panel data analysis we then estimate a European production function and find that the share of highly qualified persons in the population has a significant and positive effect on the explanation of income differentials across the EU(12) countries. Using the obtained parameters of the production function for the East European countries we calibrate the welfare effects of the brain drain. Our major findings are: First, Germany gains from migration from Eastern Europe whereas Eastern European countries lose from free migration because the average shock of human capital is lowered. Second, the overall increase in income is positive, thus international welfare increases. Third, taking remittances into account does not alter the qualitative findings.

scholarly journals INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND BRAIN CIRCULATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (49) ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz Peter Lang
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
International Migration ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Destination Country ◽  
Brain Circulation ◽  
Brain Gain

Many highly developed countries suffer the economic consequences of a growthlimiting demographic gap, which they only can fill with immigration. However, immigrants must be capable to be integrated into the receiving economy based on age and education. However, emigration raises in the home-countries the complex problem of “Brain Drain” (including loss of human capital, reduction in unemployment), which is offset by a “Brain Gain” in the destination country due to immigration. It can be shown, however, that within the framework of an adapted migration policy there can be a "Brain Circulation" that has advantages for all countries involved

Beyond Brain Drain

2013 ◽  
pp. 294-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahlam Fakhar
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

The past decades have witnessed an increase in the pace and a consolidation of immigration of medical doctors and the globalization of the health system. If properly managed, globalization of the health workforce could lead to perceptible gains in health status for all parties involved. In a world economy shaped by strong institutions, globalization could benefit those countries with a strong and human and physical capital. This chapter reviews the importance of immigration and aims at presenting different views on immigration of medical doctors. While the traditional view has been dominated by the rhetoric on “brain-drain,” a new and more promising thread of research has centered on the relatively new concept of “brain-circulation.” Mobility for medical workers and health workers, in general, can be a significant contributor to the formation of scientific and technical human capital, which has been an important driver in economic expansion and social development in many regions of the world. To illustrate the point, the authors use a cooperative framework to elucidate the relationship between immigration of medical doctors and economic development in the long-run using the potential agreement between North Africa and the European Union as an example. The finding could have implications for the capacity of developing countries to turn around and use “circular immigration” as a means to integrate into the emerging knowledge economy.

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