Comparison of Input and Output Indicators in Measuring Human Capital

2017 ◽  
pp. 223-247
Author(s):  
Sibel Bali
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Intensive Research ◽  
Indicator Selection ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Pca Method ◽  
Human Capital Measurement ◽  
Output Indicators

Despite the intensive research on human capital, the debate regarding its measurement is ongoing. In this context, the objective of the present study is to underline the distinction between input and output indicators in human capital measurement, which has not attracted sufficient attention, and to present the importance of indicator selection by explaining the findings obtained. To that end, separate indexes will be developed for input and output indicators to measure the level of human capital for Turkey, and it will be analyzed whether the two index groups developed exhibit significant differences between provinces. In accordance with the purpose of this study, index estimations are made using the PCA method with the 2013 data of 81 provinces in Turkey. Province-based estimations demonstrate that the index values estimated by the input and output indicators produce significantly different conclusions. Therefore, selecting appropriate indicators according to the purpose of the study will enable the analyses to produce more accurate policy implications.

The impact of FDI on human capital development in SACU countries

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Winfried Henok ◽  
Teresia Kaulihowa
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
Member States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThis paper aims to examine how FDI trickle down to human capital development in SACU member states.Design/methodology/approachA longitudinal research design and feasible general least squares was used over the periods 1990 and 2018.FindingsThere is supporting evidence that FDI enhances human capital when primary school enrolment rate is used. However, the reverse holds for the secondary level of education. It can be argued that although FDI exhibits a positive effect on primary education, optimal spillovers to human capital development has not been realized. An indication that certain level of human capital may be required to ensure the optimal benefit of FDI or the types of current FDI does not enhance FDI-led-human capital hypothesis.Practical implicationsThe negative effect of FDI toward secondary level of education could be an indication of a weak absorptive capacity. SACU's current dominance of FDI activities toward extractive industries could limit potential benefit of FDI due to capacity constraints. Practical policy implications indicate that SACU member states need to ensure that it attracts FDI toward smart investment that enhances human capital development.Social implicationsThere is need to a gear FDI firms toward corporate social responsibilities that will stimulate secondary education.Originality/valueThe novelty of this paper is twofold. First, it focuses on SACU countries where majority of the people are trapped with poverty and inequality issues. Second, SACU member states have used greenfield FDI as a policy instrument to enhance human capital. However, human capital link remains weak. This creates a need to search for smart FDIs that are committed toward community transformation through human capital development.

Investigating the Role of Regional Economic Integration on Growth: Fresh Insights from South Asia

2020 ◽  
pp. 097491012097480
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ibrahim Shah
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
South Asia ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Regional Economic Integration ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Regional Economic

Regional economic integration is the key to achieving prosperity and stability. However, intra-regional trade in South Asia accounts for not more than 5%–6% of their total trade. This study aims to examine the role played by regional economic integration in determining the economic growth of South Asian countries over the period 1980–2015. Since shocks in one country may affect another country in the region, this is taken into account in the article by employing methodologies that are robust to cross sectional dependence. Specifically, continuously-updated and bias-corrected (CupBC) of Bai et al. (2009) and Dumitrescu–Hurlin panel causality test (2012) have been employed to estimate long-run coefficients and determine the direction of relationship among the variables, respectively. The findings suggest that economic integration increases economic growth significantly in this region. However, contrary to popular belief, both democracy and human capital are negatively related to economic growth. Bidirectional causality is found between economic integration and democracy, regional integration and human capital, democracy and human capital and, democracy and labor. This study also presents several policy implications for South Asian countries.

scholarly journals Entry Class and the Early Employment Experience of Immigrants in Canada

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelli Phythian ◽  
David Walters ◽  
Paul Anisef
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Economic Outcomes ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Immigrants And Refugees ◽  
The Social

Despite its policy importance, research related to the economic performance of immigrants by entry class is sorely lacking. It is generally presumed that immigrants selected on the basis of human capital will have better economic outcomes than unscreened immigrants; however, there is speculation that the social networks of family immigrants provide access to employment resources not available to others. Both arguments have merit, yet there is little research to support either claim. This study utilizes data from the Longitudinal Survey of Immigrants to Canada to investigate the association between entry class and employment status of immigrants six months after arrival. Findings reveal little difference between skilled workers and family immigrants, while business immigrants and refugees are much less likely to be employed. Policy implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Human capital development in the global-knowledge economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 02004
Author(s):  
Nail Gabdullin
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Global Knowledge ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
The Social ◽  
Pca Method ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
Relevant Factors

The national economy is as competitive as its human capital is effectively capitalized in modern hypercompetitive global markets. The world digital technologies contribute to the globalization of the economy and accelerate the accumulation of human capital by digitizing jobs, providing the population and households with electronic services and data mining technologies. The article analyzes the structure of multivariate data on the factors of human capital development, e-education and the use of ICT by households in Russian regions. The average annual values of the relevant factors of monitoring the development of the information society in the Russian Federation for the period from 2010 to 2017 were selected as factors of each object of analysis. The reliability of the research results is ensured by applying standardization and rationing of the initial matrix of factors, reducing the dimension of the normalized matrix of factors using the PCA method, cluster analysis using the method of EM-maximizing expectations and the hierarchical clustering method. The author has built a rating of regional clusters of the Russian Federation, differing in the quality of human capital depending on the development of electronic infrastructure, availability of digital resources and the features of the social environment.

Health investments and economic growth: a quantile regression approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisca Rosendo Silva ◽  
Marta Simões ◽  
João Sousa Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Quantile Regression ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This study aims to analyse the relationship between health human capital and economic growth for a maximum sample of 92 countries over the period 1980-2010 taking into account countries’ heterogeneity by assessing how health variables affect different countries according to their position on the conditional growth distribution. Design/methodology/approach The paper estimates a growth regression applying the methodology proposed by Canay (2011) for regression by quantiles (Koenker, 1978, 2004, 2012a, 2012b) in a panel framework. Quantile regression analysis allows us to identify the growth determinants that present a non-linear relationship with growth and determine the policy implications specifically for underperforming versus over achieving countries in terms of output growth. Findings The authors’ findings indicate that better health is positively and robustly related to growth at all quantiles, but the quantitative importance of the respective coefficients differs across quantiles, in some cases, with the sign of the relationship greater for countries that recorded lower growth rates. These results apply to both positive (life expectancy) and negative (infant mortality rate, undernourishment) health status indicators. Practical implications Given the predominantly public nature of health funding, cuts in health expenditure should be carefully balanced even in times of public finances sustainability problems, particularly when growth slowdowns, as a decrease in the stock of health human capital could be particularly harmful for growth in under achievers. Additionally, the most effective interventions seem to be those affecting early childhood development that should receive from policymakers the necessary attention and resources. Originality/value This study contributes to the existing literature by answering the question of whether the growth effects of health human capital can differ in sign and/or magnitude depending on a country’s growth performance. The findings may help policymakers to design the most adequate growth promoting policies according to the behaviour of output growth.

Measurement and Analysis of the Efficiency of Human Capital in a Small Enterprise in Poland

e-Finanse ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Bagieńska
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Small Enterprise ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Small Companies ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Measurement And Analysis ◽  
Capital Efficiency ◽  
Human Capital Measurement

Abstract Human capital plays an important role in the development of every company. Big enterprises have a Human Resources Department which conducts analyses and measurements of human capital. In Poland over 90% of the total number of companies is made up of small and middle-size enterprises. The aim of the research is to determine reasons why small Polish companies take an interest in the measurement and analysis of human capital as well as to discover the causes of their limited use of human capital measurement. The results confirmed that limited measurement and analysis of human capital efficiency in small companies results from the lack of additional information; apart from this it results from the binding legal regulations as well as the lack of employees who possess the knowledge necessary for conducting such analyses. Despite barriers and difficulties in human capital measurement, small companies appreciate employees and their qualification, not treating them only as a necessary cost of their doing business.

Prioritization of human capital measurement indicators using fuzzy AHP

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 1100-1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
F BOZBURA ◽  
A BESKESE ◽  
C KAHRAMAN
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Fuzzy Ahp ◽  
Human Capital Measurement

Using 360 degree peer review to validate self‐reporting in human capital measurement

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Massingham ◽  
Thi Nguyet Que Nguyen ◽  
Rada Massingham
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Human Capital Measurement

A human capital measurement scale

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 316-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juarez Domingos Frasson Vidotto ◽  
Helio Aisenberg Ferenhof ◽  
Paulo Mauricio Selig ◽  
Rogerio Cid Bastos
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Organizational Memory ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Measurement Models ◽  
Financial Perspective ◽  
Academic Publications ◽  
Human Capital Measurement

Purpose Despite the large number of academic publications in human capital, there are few instruments to measure it. The purpose of this paper is to develop a holistic scale to measure human capital, considering aspects related to competence, attitudes, skills, leadership, and organizational memory. Design/methodology/approach First, a literature review of the existing measurement models was carried out. Second, based on the results the authors developed a scale and a questionnaire that were applied in a financial institution in Santa Catarina, Brazil, supported by a factor analysis and a reliability analysis. Findings As a result of this study a scale consisting of 13 variables of human capital emerged that have been grouped into three factors – leadership and motivation; qualifications; and satisfaction and creativity – which can assist in the organization’s human capital measurement. From a theoretical view, a more holistic scale is provided, which helps to overcome a unilateral focus on knowledge (intangibles). Research limitations/implications This work points out that the survey data were collected from a sample of 220 relationship managers of a specific financial institution. The results should be tested in other banks or organizations from other sectors to check their suitability and to be generalized. Practical implications From a practical point of view, it contributes a “tool” that can assist in the measurement of human capital and in the knowledge contained, dimensioning the organizational memory and human repositories. Originality/value This is the first study that provides a scale to measure organizational human capital from the Brazilian financial perspective.

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