Open Data for Open Justice in Seven Latin American Countries

Author(s):

Sandra Elena ◽

François van Schalkwyk

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

Latin American ◽

Open Data ◽

Access To Information ◽

Data Publication ◽

Study Results ◽

Accountability Practices ◽

Initial Measurement ◽

Made In

The study focuses on the openness of judicial data in seven countries in Latin America. The judiciary continues to be among the least willing institutions to implement policies on transparency and access to information, generally because of their conservative tradition and lack of accountability practices. The study adopted an exploratory design in order to analyze enabling country and judicial contexts for open data, as well as whether judicial data publication meets open data standards of accessibility, sustainability, re-usability and non-discrimination. Study results show that even though access to judicial information is increasing and that there is also an increase in transparency policies for the judiciary, the publication of judicial data in open formats is still infrequent. This research seeks to build a baseline for an initial measurement that can be compared with future measurements, so as to be able to evaluate progress made in Latin American judiciaries.

Victims of femicide in Latin America: Legal and criminal justice responses

Temida ◽

10.2298/tem1701003j ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 3-21 ◽

Author(s):

Janice Joseph

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

Criminal Justice ◽

Latin American ◽

Gender Based Violence ◽

The World ◽

Gender Based ◽

Made In

Despite the progress that women have made in the fight against gender-based violence, it is still prevalent in various countries in the world. For many women in Latin American countries femicide is a constant reality. This paper critically analyzes femicide in Latin American countries and the legal and criminal responses to this crime. The paper defines femicide and discusses the nature and extent of femicide in Latin America. The analysis of this phenomenon in Latin American countries indicates that although some of these countries have made important strides in addressing the problem, they still face challenges in adequately preventing this crime.

The W. Arthur Lewis Lecture: Future Sustainable Latin American Growth: A Need for Savings

The Review of Black Political Economy ◽

10.1007/bf02911825 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 7-21

Author(s):

Albert Fishlow

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

Latin American ◽

The Real ◽

Domestic Savings ◽

Internal Sources ◽

Made In

This article, starting from the Lewis emphasis upon increasing productivity, analyzes the external and internal sources of disequilibrium in Latin America over the last two decades. It indicates the impressive progress, and continuing requirements, that have been made in both dimensions over the last fifteen years. The real requirement for continued growth at high rates, emphasized by Lewis more than 45 years ago, is, however, increased rates of internal saving. Until the Latin American countries are able successfully to increase their domestic savings, hopes for sustained expansion will be continuingly frustrated.

Critical Poverty and Marginality in Latin America: Security and Defense Problems for the Latin American Countries in the Near Future?

10.21236/ada326497 ◽

1997 ◽

Author(s):

Jose A. Vietry

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

Latin American ◽

Near Future ◽

COVID-19 Mortality Rate and Its Incidence in Latin America: Dependence on Demographic and Economic Variables

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18136900 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (13) ◽

pp. 6900

Author(s):

Javier Cifuentes-Faura

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

Mortality Rate ◽

Population Density ◽

Life Expectancy ◽

Latin American ◽

Positive Influence ◽

Death Rates ◽

Per Capita ◽

Quality Infrastructure

The pandemic caused by COVID-19 has left millions infected and dead around the world, with Latin America being one of the most affected areas. In this work, we have sought to determine, by means of a multiple regression analysis and a study of correlations, the influence of population density, life expectancy, and proportion of the population in vulnerable employment, together with GDP per capita, on the mortality rate due to COVID-19 in Latin American countries. The results indicated that countries with higher population density had lower numbers of deaths. Population in vulnerable employment and GDP showed a positive influence, while life expectancy did not appear to significantly affect the number of COVID-19 deaths. In addition, the influence of these variables on the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 was analyzed. It can be concluded that the lack of resources can be a major burden for the vulnerable population in combating COVID-19 and that population density can ensure better designed institutions and quality infrastructure to achieve social distancing and, together with effective measures, lower death rates.

When Does the Public Get It Right? The Information Environment and the Accuracy of Economic Sentiment

Comparative Political Studies ◽

10.1177/0010414021989758 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 001041402198975

Author(s):

Ryan E. Carlin ◽

Timothy Hellwig ◽

Gregory J. Love ◽

Cecilia Martínez-Gallardo ◽

Matthew M. Singer

Keyword(s):

Latin American ◽

Economic Conditions ◽

Economic Evaluations ◽

Government Performance ◽

Access To Information ◽

Government Accountability ◽

The Public ◽

High Quality Information ◽

The Media ◽

Public evaluations of the economy are key for understanding how citizens develop policy opinions and monitor government performance. But what drives economic evaluations? In this article, we argue the context in which information about the economy is distributed shapes economic perceptions. In high-quality information environments—where policies are transparent, the media is free, and political opposition is robust—mass perceptions closely track economic conditions. In contrast, compromised information environments provide openings for political manipulation, leading perceptions to deviate from business cycle fluctuations. We test our argument with unique data from eight Latin American countries. Results show restrictions on access to information distort the public’s view of economic performance. The ability of voters to sanction governments is stronger when democratic institutions and the media protect citizens’ access to independent, unbiased information. Our findings highlight the importance of accurate evaluations of the economy for government accountability and democratic responsiveness.

COVID-19 in Latin America: a first glance to the mortality

Colombia Medica ◽

10.25100/cm.v51i2.4366 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-3 ◽

Author(s):

Nubia Muñoz

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

Latin American ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

European Countries ◽

Death Rates ◽

Death Toll ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Health Authorities ◽

The Us ◽

It is too early to know which will be the final death toll from the Covid-19 or SARS-CoV-2 virus epidemy in Latin America since the epidemy is still active and we will not know when it will end. The curve for new infections and deaths has not reached yet a peak (Figure 1). In addition, we know little about the epidemiology of this new virus. The daily litany of the number of people infected with the number of admissions to hospitals and intensive care units and the number of deaths guides health authorities to plan health services and politicians to gauge the degree of confinement necessary to control the transmission of the virus, but it says little about the magnitude of the problem if we do not relate it to the population at risk. At the end of the pandemic, we will be able to estimate age-standardized death rates for the different countries, but until then the crude death rates will provide a first glance or snapshot of the death toll and impact of the pandemic from March to May 2020. These rates are well below those estimated in other countries in Europe and North America: Belgium (82.6), Spain (58.0), the United Kingdom (57.5), Italy (55.0), France (42.9), Sweden (41.4), and the US (30.7). (Johns Hopkins CSSE, May 30, 2020). However, in the European countries and the US the number of deaths has reached a peak, while this is not the case in Latin American countries. (Figure 1). It should be taken into account that the above rates are crude and therefore, some of the differences could be due to the fact that European countries have a larger proportion of the population over 70 years of age in whom higher mortality rates have been reported.

Latin America and the Socio-Economic Impact of the Cuban Revolution

Journal of Inter-American Studies ◽

10.2307/164834 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 105-120 ◽

Author(s):

Pedro C. M. Teichert

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

Economic Impact ◽

Latin American ◽

Cuban Revolution ◽

Good Neighbor Policy ◽

Socio Economic Impact ◽

Imminent Threat ◽

Good Neighbor ◽

The Military ◽

The Cuban revolution has profoundly shaken the economic and political foundation traditional in most of the 20 Latin American republics. The demand by the rest of Latin America for Cuban type reforms has also required a reappraisal of U. S.-Latin American relations, which with the breaking off of diplomatic intercourse between Cuba and the U. S., January 4, 1961, have reached their lowest point since the initiation in the mid 1930's of the Good Neighbor Policy by President Roosevelt. Furthermore, the spread of the Cuban revolution, with its ideals and aspirations for the fulfilment of the age-old political, social, and economic aspirations of the downtrodden masses, is now an imminent threat for the remaining undemocratic Latin American governments. There is no denying the fact that most Latin American countries are still run by an oligarchy of landlords and the military.

Leadership Training in Latin America

Industry and Higher Education ◽

10.1177/095042229300700104 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 15-17

Author(s):

Alice B. Lentz

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

Latin American ◽

Leadership Training ◽

Developing Economies ◽

Business Leaders ◽

Private Higher Education ◽

Enterprise Growth ◽

The University ◽

Alice Lentz offers a brief view of the role of the Americas Fund for Independent Universities (AFIU) in relation to significant initiatives in various Latin American countries. In a region where the function and development of private higher education institutions is especially important, the focus of the AFIU's activities is on private universities' ability to provide trained business leaders with the skills necessary to meet the challenges of enterprise growth in these developing economies. She mentions in particular the strengthening of financing capabilities within the university, and the evolution of three-way partnerships among business corporations, AFIU, and universities in Latin America.

Democratic Values, Religiosity, and Support for Same-Sex Marriage in Latin America

Latin American Politics and Society ◽

10.1111/laps.12034 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 59 (4) ◽

pp. 75-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Michelle L. Dion ◽

Jordi Díez

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Latin America ◽

Latin American ◽

Capital City ◽

Religious Values ◽

Democratic Values ◽

Same Sex ◽

Same Sex Marriage ◽

Same Sex Couples ◽

AbstractLatin America has been at the forefront of the expansion of rights for same-sex couples. Proponents of same-sex marriage frame the issue as related to human rights and democratic deepening; opponents emphasize morality tied to religious values. Elite framing shapes public opinion when frames resonate with individuals’ values and the frame source is deemed credible. Using surveys in 18 Latin American countries in 2010 and 2012, this article demonstrates that democratic values are associated with support for same-sex marriage while religiosity reduces support, particularly among strong democrats. The tension between democratic and religious values is particularly salient for women, people who live outside the capital city, and people who came of age during or before democratization.