Financial Deficit in Lebanese Catholic Schools

2019 ◽  
pp. 199-214
Author(s):  
Elie Rizk ◽  
Philippe W. Zgheib
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Catholic Schools ◽  
School Administrators ◽  
Purchasing Power ◽  
Power Variation ◽  
Parental Confidence ◽  
Primary Mission

Several Catholic schools have been shut down for good and several others are struggling to survive but they might just not, because they are facing a severe financial deficit and a strong decline in their revenues. This financial crisis facing Catholic schools in Lebanon is considered in this chapter in light of declining purchasing power of the Lebanese families over the last decade and the lack of parental confidence in Catholic school's primary mission. The first approach is quantitative: a questionnaire among school administrators and families to understand the tuition and purchasing power variation in the last decade. The second one is qualitative: four focus groups formed of several Lebanese families to try to assess their trust (or lack of trust) in Catholic schools. This new way to understand the reality of the declining profit of Catholic schools will benefit Catholic schools in general in Lebanon. It may enlighten the importance of their primary mission toward Lebanon.

Evaluation of Implementation of Massachusetts Sports Concussion Regulations

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 344-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Howland ◽  
Holly Hackman ◽  
Alyssa Taylor ◽  
Linda Brown ◽  
Mary Ann Gapinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Teacher Education ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
School Administrators ◽  
Athletic Trainers ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
School Nurses ◽  
Return To School ◽  
Sports Concussion

In 2015, the Massachusetts Department of Public Health conducted focus groups with school nurses (SNs) and athletic trainers (ATs) from Massachusetts middle and high schools to assess implementation of legislated regulations relative to the management of students’ head injuries incurred during extracurricular sports. Four tape-recorded focus groups were conducted by experienced facilitators. Lists of themes were synthesized by investigators for each focus group. Participating SNs and ATs supported the sports concussion legislation, felt that implementation had gone well, indicated that the law empowered them in managing return-to-school/play for students with concussion, and experienced support from their school administrators. Some SNs reported that they had applied relevant procedures to all students with head injuries, regardless of how or where the injury occurred. Challenges identified included protocols for away games, inconsistent concussion care by physicians, and a need for teacher education. Further research is required to quantify these findings.

Revisiting the relationship between unexpected inflation and output in the presence of indexation

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-261
Author(s):  
Pavlo Buryi ◽  
Ficawoyi Donou-Adonsou
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Purchasing Power ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Unanticipated Inflation ◽  
Unexpected Inflation

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the relationship between output and unanticipated inflation when wages are indexed for the loss of purchasing power. The authors argue that the monetary authority remains useful when firms that face rigid demand index wages to compensate for the loss of purchasing power, unlike Fischer (1977), who suggested that monetary policy loses effectiveness when firms index wages. Design/methodology/approach This paper develops a simple theoretical model followed by an empirical investigation of the relationship between output and unanticipated inflation in the presence of indexation. The theoretical model assumes a perfectly competitive firm that produces a final good that has no close substitutes using one factor, labor. The demand for the product is rigid. The empirical work considers quarterly US data from 1982Q1 to 2017Q1 and uses the Generalized Method of Moments in which endogenous variables are instrumented using their own lags. This paper further considers the period before and after the recent global financial crisis. Findings This paper shows that unexpected inflation decreases the growth rate of output in the USA. The decrease is quantitatively and qualitatively stronger before the financial crisis than after the crisis. This finding suggests that the Federal Reserve should maintain higher expectations of inflation and then surprise the public with lower inflation rates. The results further suggest that regardless of how expectations are formed, firms and workers agree on the nominal wage that is equal to the realized marginal revenue product of labor. Originality/value This paper sheds light on the behavior of the central bank and its relative ineffectiveness in light of the recent economic recession.

scholarly journals Use of Deviations of Purchasing Power Parity and Interest Rate Parity to Clarify the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis

2002 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 195-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mao-Wei Hung ◽  
Yin-Ching Jan
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Purchasing Power Parity ◽  
Asian Financial Crisis ◽  
Purchasing Power ◽  
Power Parity ◽  
Interest Rate Parity ◽  
Weak Evidence ◽  
Causality Tests ◽  
Rate Parity

This study is an attempt to examine whether the deviations of purchasing power parity and uncover interest rate parity Granger-cause the 1997 Asian financial crisis by using vector autoregression and Granger causality tests. The results show that the purchasing power parity and uncover interest rate parity do not hold for most Asian markets. We find weak evidence to support that the deviations of purchasing power parity and uncover interest rate parity have the power to explicate the origin of the financial crisis.

Findings from focus groups on Latino Catholic perceptions of Catholic schools

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Guzmán ◽  
Josefa Palacios ◽  
Andrew Deliyannides
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Catholic Schools

scholarly journals Crisis económica y financiera en los negocios que radicaron quiebra con el Capítulo 11 de Reorganización en Puerto Rico

Oikos ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (37) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Guzmán Rodríguez ◽  
Carlos F. Rosa Vázquez
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Purchasing Power ◽  
Managerial Efficiency ◽  
Probability Sample ◽  
Commercial Environment

RESUMEN El estudio examina el problema de las quiebras en Puerto Rico, y la posibilidad de que estas puedan afectar negativamente a los negocios y a su entorno social y comercial. Los análisis están fundamentados en datos secundarios obtenidos con una muestra probabilística de 126 negocios seleccionada con un 95% de nivel de confiabilidad y un margen de error de 5%. Se encontró que la crisis en este sector empresarial es ocasionada por un manejo no apropiado de los recursos financieros, en conjunto con la situación económica que ha resultado en una disminución del flujo monetario del país y la necesidad de financiamiento continuo con una economía en recesión/ depresión, pudiera provocar que la empresa radique un proceso de reorganización en la corte de quiebras. Este proceso se puede utilizar como una estrategia gerencial para mejorar el manejo de sus activos y pasivos corrientes en un plazo de tiempo establecido por la corte. Los resultados también muestran que algunos de los negocios pequeños, medianos y de dueños propios en Puerto Rico han experimentado el efecto de las quiebras en cadena, cuyas repercusiones tienen un efecto social y en otras entidades comerciales.Palabras clave: crisis financiera, crisis económica, reducción del flujo de efectivo, poder adquisitivo, eficiencia gerencial, insuficiencia de capital, deterioro de inventario.Financial and economic crisis of businesses in Puerto Rico that filed bankruptcy under Chapter 11 of Reorganization ABSTRACT The study examinesthe problemof bankruptciesinPuerto Rico,andthe possibility thatthesemay adversely affect the businessand its socialand commercial environment. The analysesare basedon secondary data obtained with a probability sample of126businessesselectedwith a 95%confidence leveland a margin oferror of 5%. It was found thatthe crisis in thebusiness sector were causedby impropermanagement of financialresources, together with the economic situationthat has resulted ina decrease incash flowin the countryand the need forcontinued fundingwith an economy in recession/ depression, couldcause thecompany to file for bankruptcy under chapter 11 of reorganization. Thisprocess can be usedas a managementstrategy to improvethe management of theirassetsand liabilitieswithin a period of time set bythe court.The results also showthat some of thesmall, mediumandsole proprietorships owners inPuerto Ricohave experiencedthe effect ofbankruptcies; and the repercussions have asocial and commercial impact.Keywords: financial crisis, economic crisis, reduced cash flow, purchasing power, managerial efficiency, insufficient capital, inventory impairment.Crise Econômica e Financeira nos negócios que estabeleceram a quebra com o Capítulo 11 de Reorganização em Puerto Rico RESUMOO estudo analisa o problema de quebras em Puerto Rico, e a possibilidade de que estas possam afetar adversamente aos negócios e seu ambiente social e comercial. As análises estão fundamentadas em dados secundários obtidos com uma amostra probabilística de 126 negócios selecionados com um nível de confiança de 95% e uma margem de erro do 5%. Encontrou-se que a crise neste sector empresarial é causada por uma gestão não apropriada dos recursos financeiros, em conjunto com a situação econômica que resultou numa diminuição do fluxo monetário do país e a necessidade de financiamento continuo com uma economia em recessão / depressão, o que pode provocar que a empresa estabeleça um processo de reorganização na Corte de Quebras. Este processo se pode utilizar como uma estratégia de gestão para melhorar a administração dos seus ativos e passivos correntes dentro de um período de tempo fixado pelo tribunal. Os resultados mostram também dão conta que alguns dos negócios pequenos, médios e de proprietários de Puerto Rico, têm experimentado o efeito das quebras em cadeia, onde as repercussões têm um impacto social e outras entidades comerciais.Palavras-chave: crise financeira, crise econômica, redução de fluxos de efetivo, poder aquisitivo, eficiência de gestão, insuficiência de capital, deterioro de inventário.

Public Policy and Private Schools

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert N. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Private Schools ◽  
Catholic Schools ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
School Administrators ◽  
Public Expenditures ◽  
Parochial School ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
State Laws ◽  
Compulsory Attendance ◽  
Local Officials

Chapter 4 addresses the wave of compulsory attendance legislation, passed in the 1880s, that transformed the relationship between schools and the state. Laws requiring school attendance introduced new dilemmas for school administrators and parochial school authorities. If states required children to attend school, how would public officials define adequate schooling? Ultimately, public officials relied on private schools to achieve public ends, believing that their continued growth was key to limiting public expenditures and attracting Catholic votes. Local officials refused to enforce compulsory attendance laws that would close down Catholic schools and place undue burdens on already overcrowded public school classrooms. When politicians did venture to enact or enforce policies hostile to parochial schools, Catholics mobilized their political power against local and state incumbents, successfully defending private education. As a result of these close ties between public officials and Catholic schools, private schools continued to grow in the early twentieth century.

The Effect of Administrators’ Servant Leadership on the Excellence of Catholic School

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saowanee Sirisookslip ◽  
Wallapha Ariratana ◽  
Tang keow Ngang
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Servant Leadership ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Catholic Schools ◽  
School Administrators ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Catholic School ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
High Level

AbstractThe research was aimed to study the effect of school administrators’ servant leadership on the excellence of Catholic Schools under Nakhon Rarchasima Diocese. A total of 326 respondents consisting 61 school administrators and 265 teachers were involved in this study. A quantitative survey design using questionnaire as an instrument was utilized in this study. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Descriptive statistic used in this study were frequency, percentage, mean score and standard deviation whereas inferential statistic used were Pearson correlation coefficient and Stepwise multiple regression analysis. The findings of the study revealed that both the independent and dependent variables were at high level. In short, school administrators were not only highly implemented servant leadership and its components but also the level of excellence was at high level. The excellence level of Catholic schools was significantly affected by three components of school administrators’ servant leadership at significant level of 0.05. The significant predictors of the school excellence level were community establishment, trust, love, and having vision components of servant leadership. The coefficient relative rate of multiple regression analysis was 0.651 and coefficient prediction was 41.60 percent. Finally, this paper also provided recommendation and suggestions for future research. Keywords: Servant leadership; school administrators; school excellence; Catholic schools

scholarly journals EMPRENDIMIENTO Y EMPLEABILIDAD EN EL SECTOR TURÍSTICO EN MUJERES RETORNADAS DESDE ESPAÑA Y OTROS PAÍSES A LA PROVINCIA DE EL ORO (CIUDAD DE MACHALA, ECUADOR) / / / \ \ \ ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND EMPLOYABILITY IN THE TOURISM SECTOR OF WOMEN RETURNED FROM SPAIN AND OTHER COUNTRIES TO THE PROVINCE OF EL ORO (CIUDAD DE MACHALA, ECUADOR)

2020 ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Violante Martínez Quintana ◽  
Miguel Ángel Ramón Pineda
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Purchasing Power ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Mujeres Inmigrantes

Resumen. El emprendimiento y la empleabilidad en el sector turístico de mujeres inmigrantes retornadas es el objeto de estudio de este trabajo, que se vincula con una de las etapas de la migración experimentada por estas mujeres, y las dificultades de integración laboral en el retorno a su país. La hipótesis de partida afirma que el turismo ofrece amplias oportunidades de progreso laboral a las mujeres retornadas. En primer lugar, se analiza el estado en el que se encuentran los cantones turísticos de la Provincia de El Oro (Ecuador), en especial los más vírgenes y poco explotados como los del interior. En segundo lugar, se efectúan dos Focus Groups para conocer a través de las narrativas los obstáculos que enfrentan en su incorporación al sector turístico, los sectores de mayor dificultad y las trayectorias vitales que han atravesado. Se obtiene que, a pesar del importante potencial formativo que poseen, la experiencia laboral consolidada y el poder adquisitivo alcanzado, no es suficiente para obtener una satisfactoria incorporación laboral en uno de los sectores más ricos y productivos como es el turismo, ya que sus oportunidades de progreso laboral quedan mermadas por factores de género, discriminación y desigualdad principalmente.   Palabras clave: progreso laboral, discriminación, turismo interior, turismo tradicional, inmigrantes.   Abstract. The entrepreneurship and employability in the tourist sector of returned immigrant women is the object of study of this work, which is linked to one of the stages of migration experienced by these women, and the difficulties of labor integration on the return to their country. The starting hypothesis affirms that tourism offers ample opportunities for job advancement to returned women. Firstly, the state in which the tourist cantons of the Province of El Oro are found, especially the most unspoilt and little exploited such as those in the interior, are analyzed. Secondly, two Focus Groups are held to learn through the narratives of the obstacles they face in their incorporation into the tourism sector, the most difficult sectors and the vital trajectories they have gone through. It is obtained that, despite the important training potential they possess, the consolidated work experience and the purchasing power achieved, it is not enough to obtain a satisfactory job incorporation in one of the richest and most productive sectors such as tourism, since its opportunities of labor progress are diminished by factors of gender, discrimination and inequality mainly.   Key words: job progress, discrimination, inland tourism, traditional tourism, immigrants.

Contagion concerns worsen Uruguay's economic outlook

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
Purchasing Power ◽  
Fiscal Deficit ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Government ◽  
Economic Outlook

Significance The Argentine financial crisis and economic downturn are affecting Uruguay at a time when its economy is cooling while popular discontent is rising over the difficulty of finding employment and maintaining purchasing power, as well as increased crime concerns. President Tabare Vazquez’s approval continues to fall. The governing Frente Amplio (FA)’s chances of retaining power after the October 2019 elections are declining. Impacts Difficulties in Uruguay’s two largest neighbours will weigh heavily on the economy in coming months. The FA is likely to lose power in 2019 after 15 years in the presidency. The substantial fiscal deficit gives the government no option to try to boost growth and consumption through stimulus.

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