Biological Alchemy

2020 ◽  
pp. 687-715
Author(s):  
Mamta ◽  
Rayavarapu Jaganadha Rao ◽  
Anil Dhar ◽  
Khursheed Ahmad Wani
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Business Opportunity ◽  
Integrated Solid Waste Management ◽  
Synthetic Fertilizers ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Potential Option

The story of garbage processing is changing globally and is being considered as a potential option in the hierarchy of integrated solid waste management that involves stabilization of organic material by the joint action of earthworms and microorganisms. Vermicomposting is an economically viable technique in which the job is done by certain species of earthworms that enhances the process of waste conversion and produces a better end product vermicompost. Vermicompost is highly nutritive fertilizer and more powerful growth promoter over the conventional compost. It is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium commonly referred as NPK, micronutrients, growth hormones and enzymes. Its commercialization is a good business opportunity and is emerging as an industry itself. The farmers need to raise the crops by organic farming that will reduce the cost and will decrease the impact on environment. The present chapter is an attempt to highlight different approaches of converting waste into vermicompost and the importance of vermicomposting as compared to synthetic fertilizers.

Biological Alchemy

2015 ◽  
pp. 317-345
Author(s):  
Mamta ◽  
Rayavarapu Jaganadha Rao ◽  
Anil Dhar ◽  
Khursheed Ahmad Wani
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Business Opportunity ◽  
Integrated Solid Waste Management ◽  
Synthetic Fertilizers ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Potential Option

The story of garbage processing is changing globally and is being considered as a potential option in the hierarchy of integrated solid waste management that involves stabilization of organic material by the joint action of earthworms and microorganisms. Vermicomposting is an economically viable technique in which the job is done by certain species of earthworms that enhances the process of waste conversion and produces a better end product vermicompost. Vermicompost is highly nutritive fertilizer and more powerful growth promoter over the conventional compost. It is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium commonly referred as NPK, micronutrients, growth hormones and enzymes. Its commercialization is a good business opportunity and is emerging as an industry itself. The farmers need to raise the crops by organic farming that will reduce the cost and will decrease the impact on environment. The present chapter is an attempt to highlight different approaches of converting waste into vermicompost and the importance of vermicomposting as compared to synthetic fertilizers.

scholarly journals Utilization of Fish Waste Processing as Compost Raw Material in Tambak Lorok Market

2019 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 07004
Author(s):  
Ilga Mega Kusuma ◽  
Syafrudin ◽  
Bambang Yulianto
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Fish Waste ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Fish waste needs to be a concern because the accumulation of fish waste will have environmental pollution. Therefore, research needs to be done to reduce the impact of environmental pollution. This study aims to treat fish waste which will be used as raw material for compost which is one of the efforts to reduce the accumulation caused by fish waste. The method used is survey, observation, and literature study. The composting process uses fish waste as a starter in the composting process. Before starting the composting is to separate fish waste from other wastes to facilitate the composting process. During composting the temperature conditions are maintained by reversing compost and color and odor changes are observed. The results showed that the levels of C-Organic; 51.7%, Nitrogen; 8.3%, Phosphor; 4.8%, and Potassium; 1.6%. From the results of C-Organic, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium tests, the levels were quite high compared to the quality of SNI compost, so compost from fish waste where the Tambak Lorok Market can be used as fertilizer.

scholarly journals Integrated Nutrient Management on Soil Properties and Nutrient Uptake by Red Onion

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 471
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Kwada Kwaghe ◽  
Abdullahi Muhammad Saddiq ◽  
Rejoice Ibrahim Solomon ◽  
Salihu Ardo Musa
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Integrated Nutrient Management ◽  
Nutrient Inputs ◽  
Fertility Status ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Field experiments were carried out during the dry seasons in (2012-2013 and 2013-2014) to study the impact of Integrated Nutrient Management on some soil properties and nutrients uptake by red onion (Allium cepa L.) in Moda, Michika, Adamawa state, Nigeria. Soil samples were randomly collected and analysed for pH, EC, organic carbon, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus before and at the completion of the experiment. Total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents of the onion bulbs were determined. There was an improvement in the fertility status of the soil as a consequence of integrated nutrient management. Combined organic and inorganic fertilizer application influenced the uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by red onion. The highest nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium uptake by onions of 0.76, 43.82 and 2.42kgha-1 occurred when all treatments were combined. Uptake of N and K increased as treatment level increased. The P uptake was highest at lower treatment levels and could be linked to sufficiency of indigenous soil P for plant growth resulting in high P uptake with minimal addition of nutrient inputs. Integrated Nutrient Management could be adopted to improve soil fertility status and N, P and K uptake by red onions.

scholarly journals Designing waste management systems to meet circular economy goals: The Italian case

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Di Foggia ◽  
Massimo Beccarello
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Italian Case ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Waste management capacity plays a prominent role in complying with circular economy goals, such as reducing municipal waste disposal by landfilling to 10%. We first analyze the imbalance in municipal solid waste management across Italy by estimating the quantities of waste to be treated using technologies different from those currently in use. Subsequently, we estimate the impact that a system compliant with circular economy goals would have on the cost of waste management. Our empirical analyses are based on an econometric method. The results suggest that Italy could reduce the use of landfill by 11.5%, resulting in a 13% reduction in mechanical-biological treatment. The waste-to-energy capacity would rise by 4.6% compared to the current situation, while the organic fraction treatment capacity would increase by 8.3%. Besides the positive impact on the environment, the potential annual savings on the cost of waste management could reach 0.07%, or 0.27% when the phase corresponding to treatment and disposal is considered. We provide insights into the design of more efficient national waste management plans using a novel approach based on best performers.

scholarly journals Optimization of mineral nutrition of maize hybrids on the basis of plant diagnostics

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-32
Author(s):  
N. M. Asanishvili ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Chemical Calculation ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The article presents the results of research conducted during 2016-2019 on the impact of different rates of mineral fertilizers and by-products of the predecessor on the content of chemical nutrients in plants and the yield of maize hybrids in the Forest-Steppe. The aim of the research was to establish the peculiarities of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accumulation in maize plants in ontogenesis in relation to the yield of hybrids of early and middle-early maturity groups to optimize the mineral nutrition of the crop. The research was conducted on dark gray wooded soil using field, chemical, calculation-weight and mathematical-statistical methods. According to the stages of growth and development of BBCH, the peculiarities of the dynamics of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in plants of hybrids with FAO 190 and 280 depending on the agrochemical load of growing technology are established. Varietal regularities of concentration of chemical elements in maize plants in connection with the accumulation of dry matter by crops in ontogenesis and yield were revealed. Hybrids with the corresponding genetically determined level of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in plants have been identified and its influence on the realization of genotype productivity potential has been shown. The decisive role of potassium and nitrogen in the formation of the corn crop on dark gray wooded soil has been experimentally proved and confirmed on the basis of statistical and correlation analyzes. All hybrids were characterized by high tightness of correlations between yield and content in plants of nitrogen (r = 0.760–0.934) and potassium (r = 0.755–0.943) during the growing season as opposed to phosphorus, where these connections were of medium strength (r = 0.334–0.589) and only partially close (r = 0.702–0.806). According to the results of plant diagnostics of mineral nutrition of plants, the most effective growing technologies with different agrochemical loading are singled out, which ensure the yield of early and middle-early maize hybrids in agro-climatic conditions of the Forest-Steppe at 9.56–10.39 and 11.21–12.10 t/ha.

scholarly journals Вплив удобрення та обробітку ґрунту на баланс поживних речовин сільськогосподарських культур у сівозміні

2016 ◽  
pp. 63-65
Author(s):  
В. П. Лукашук
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Impact Study ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Organic Mineral ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Fertilizer System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Mineral System

Наведені результати вивчення впливу органічної, мінеральної і органо-мінеральної систем удобрення в порівнянні з контролем без добрив та  різних систем обробітку на баланс поживних речовин за вирощування сільськогосподарських культур у сівозміні. Встановлено, що за вирощування переважної більшості сільськогосподарських культур застосування тільки органічної системи удобрення, як і мінеральної, недостатньо для досягнення бездефіцитного балансу азоту, фосфору та калію. Застосування ж органо-мінеральної системи удобрення на лучних осушуваних ґрунтах дає змогу досягти бездефіцитного балансу азоту фосфору та калію за вирощування переважної більшості сільськогосподарських культур. Щодо впливу системи обробітку ґрунту, то проведені дослідження показали, що вона мало впливала на баланс азоту фосфору та калію у сівозміні. The results of the impact study of organic, mineral and organic-mineral systems of fertilizers compared with control without systems and different tillage systems on balance of nutrients while growing of crops in rotation. We found that use only organic fertilizer system, as well as the mineral is not enough to achieve an entailing no deficit balance of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium while the vast majority of crops’ growing. Application of organic-mineral system of fertilization on meadow drained soils can achieve an entailing no deficit balance of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium for the vast majority of growing crops. Regarding the impact of tillage systems, the studies showed that it had little impact on the balance of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in rotation.

scholarly journals Utilizando el análisis de ciclo de vida para el manejo sostenible de los residuos sólidos en Bogotá

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Landfill Gas ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Integrated Solid Waste Management ◽  
The Impact

ONTARE. REVISTA DE INVESTIGACIÓN DE LA FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍAEste artículo abarca dos estrategias diferentes para que una ciudad como Bogotá, logre el manejo sostenible integral de residuos sólidos. No es un estado fácil de lograr, debido a que requiere tener en consideración condiciones ambientales, sociales y económicas. El Análisis del Ciclo de Vida (ACV) funciona como una herramienta para guiar a las personas que toman decisiones hacia una solución sostenible. El ACV se utilizó para analizar el manejo de los residuos sólidos en Bogotá y se presentan dos escenarios específicos: la destrucción térmica del biogás del relleno sanitario y la introducción de un nuevo esquema de reciclaje basado en la separación desde la fuente. Los resultados del análisis realizado por Gómez (2004), muestran que aunque el potencial de calentamiento global se debe al impacto del biogás emitido, la toxicidad persistente es ocasionada en mayor grado, por la perspectiva de la sostenibilidad. Para el caso del esquema de reciclaje, los resultados muestran que los recuperadores o recicladores, necesitan participar activamente en el nuevo esquema, con el fin de reducir los posibles impactos y mejorar la aceptación social del proyecto.  ABSTRACT  This article looks upon two different strategies for a city like Bogotá to achieve Sustainable integrated solid waste management. This is not an easy state to achieve, since it requires taking into consideration environmental, social and economical conditions. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) works as a tool for decision-makers to guide them to a sustainable solution. LCA was used to analyse solid waste management in Bogotá and two specific scenarios are presented, landfill gas flaring and the introduction of a new recycling scheme based on source separation. The results of the assessment done by Gomez (2004) show that although the Global Warming Potential is a very important impact from the emitted gas, Persistent Toxicity is the impact with the highest relevance and importance from the sustainability point of view. In the case of the recycling scheme, the results point out that scavengers need to participate in the new scheme in order to reduce the possible impacts and improve the acceptability of the project. 

scholarly journals VARIABILITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF HARVEST AND NORMATIVE REMOVAL OF NUTRITIONAL SUBSTANCES OF WINTER RHY UNDER THE IMPACT OF AGROCHEMICALS

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-26
Author(s):  
Миннегали Гилязов ◽  
Minnegali Gilyazov ◽  
Булат Юнусов ◽  
Bulat Yunusov
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Biological Preparation ◽  
Seed Dressing ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The variability of chemical composition of winter rye harvest under the influence of the Extrasol biological preparation, mineral fertilizers and seed dressing is considered. The values of economic and normative removal of basic nutrients in conditions of gray forest soil are established. The size of the normative removal of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by winter rye has been relatively stable, although slightly increased from the introduction of mineral fertilizers.

scholarly journals Abfallsammlung in Buenos Aires

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (176) ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Hemetsberger
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Integrated Solid Waste Management ◽  
Historical Perspectives ◽  
Public Pressure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Waste Pickers

With the collapse of the Argentine economy in the late 1990s between 20.000 and 25.000 persons in Buenos Aires got involved with informal waste picking. When public pressure became too strong in 2001, the municipal and national government started to work on a plan for the implementation of an integrated solid waste management, in which private waste enterprises and waste pickers’ cooperatives shall collaborate in order to improve the city‘s recycling activities. With the new model, however, the waste pickers themselves were also taken into account as new social actors. Considering the importance of formality and informality, this paper analyses the design of the bonaerense model for in - tegrated solid waste management. First, economic-historical perspectives of theoretical con - cepts of formality and informality are discussed, followed by a review of the developments in the waste sector since 2001. Finally, light is thrown on the impact and scope of formality and informality for the integration of informal waste pickers.

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