AI Planning and Intelligent Agents

2005 ◽  
pp. 225-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine C. Marinagi ◽  
Themis Panayiotopoulos ◽  
Constantine D. Spyropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Intelligent Agents ◽  
Ai Planning ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Current State ◽  
Essential Function ◽  
Active Research ◽  
Science Operation

This chapter provides an overview of complementary research in the active research areas: AI planning technology and intelligent agents technology. It has been widely acknowledged that modern intelligent agents approaches should combine methodologies, techniques and architectures from many areas of computer science, cognitive science, operation research, cybernetics, and so forth. AI planning is an essential function of intelligence that is necessary in intelligent agents applications. This chapter presents the current state-of-the-art in the field of intelligent agents, focusing on the role of AI planning techniques. It sketches a typical classification of agents, agent theories and architectures from an AI planning perspective, it briefly introduces the reader to the basic issues of AI planning, and it presents different AI planning methodologies implemented in intelligent agents applications. The authors aim at stimulating research interest towards the integration of AI planning with intelligent agents.

scholarly journals Mapping diversification metrics in macroecological studies: Prospects and challenges

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julián A. Velasco ◽  
Jesús N. Pinto-Ledezma
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Evolutionary Mechanisms ◽  
Geographical Patterns ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Evolutionary Distinctiveness ◽  
Branch Lengths ◽  
Spatial Diversification ◽  
Active Research

AbstractThe intersection of macroecology and macroevolution is one of the most active research areas today. Macroecological studies are increasingly using phylogenetic diversification metrics to explore the role of evolutionary processes in shaping present-day patterns of biodiversity. Evolutionary explanations of species richness gradients are key for our understanding of how diversity accumulated in a region. For instance, the present-day diversity in a region can be a result of in situ diversification, extinction, or colonization from other regions, or a combination of all of these processes. However, it is unknown whether these metrics capture well these diversification and dispersal processes across geography. Some metrics (e.g., mean root distance -MRD-; lineage diversification-rate -DR-; evolutionary distinctiveness -ED-) seem to provide very similar geographical patterns regardless of how they were calculated (e.g., using branch lengths or not). The lack of appropriate estimates of extinction and dispersal rates in phylogenetic trees can limit our conclusions about how species richness gradients emerged. With a review of the literature and complemented by an empirical comparison, we show that phylogenetic metrics by itself are not capturing well the speciation, extinction and dispersal processes across the geographical gradients. Furthermore, we show how new biogeographic methods can improve our inference of past events and therefore our conclusions about the evolutionary mechanisms driving regional species richness. Finally, we recommend that future studies include several approaches (e.g., spatial diversification modelling, parametric biogeographic methods) to disentangle the relative the role of speciation, extinction and dispersal in the generation and maintenance of species richness gradients.

scholarly journals A Qualitative Analysis of Sawn Timber Obtained from Various Sites Throughout Poland in the Aspect of Polish and European Standards of Quality

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 713
Author(s):  
Mirski Radosław ◽  
Malinowski Zbigniew ◽  
Dorota Dziurka ◽  
Marek Wieruszewski
Keyword(s):  
Raw Material ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Standard ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Acceptable Range ◽  
Sawn Timber ◽  
European Standards ◽  
The One

The paper attempts to compare the classification of sawn timber based on the norms used in Poland (PN—75/D—96000) and those valid in the European Union (PN—EN 1611—1). For the research, long pine logs were taken from five research areas in Poland. The obtained sawn materials were divided according to their origin into lengths of the logs. It was shown that regardless of the origin of the stand, knots are the dominant defect, while the role of other wood defects is much lower. Direct comparison of the classification according to Polish and European standards is very difficult due to the differences in the acceptable range of individual wood defects. The raw material classified by the Polish standard shows a higher proportion of sawn timber of higher classes than the one classified by the European standard, so the Polish standard is less rigorous than the European one.

scholarly journals A Systematic Literature Review on Military Software Defined Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasileios Gkioulos ◽  
Håkon Gunleifsen ◽  
Goitom Weldehawaryat
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Software Defined Networks ◽  
Application Domain ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Current State ◽  
Active Research

Software Defined Networking (SDN) is an evolving network architecture paradigm that focuses on the separation of control and data planes. SDN receives increasing attention both from academia and industry, across a multitude of application domains. In this article, we examine the current state of obtained knowledge on military SDN by conducting a systematic literature review (SLR). Through this work, we seek to evaluate the current state of the art in terms of research tracks, publications, methods, trends, and most active research areas. Accordingly, we utilize these findings for consolidating the areas of past and current research on the examined application domain, and propose directions for future research.

scholarly journals Safety critical software ground rules

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.28) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Krishna Chaya Addagarrala ◽  
Patrick Kinnicutt
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Critical Systems ◽  
Safety Critical ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Safety And Reliability ◽  
Serious Injury ◽  
Active Research ◽  
Software Development Practices

Safety critical software development field is one of the active research areas in many industries like automotive, medical, railways, nuclear and aerospace are placing increased value on safety and reliability. Safety critical software systems are those systems whose failure could result in the death or a serious injury to the people’s life, security is one of the important topics in the field of safety-critical systems and it must be addressed completely in order to operate safety critical software successfully. In this paper we present a study about the set of standards and different ground rules to be followed in critical software development practices in different industries and the challenges in applying these standards. We also discuss the role of static analysis and software integrity levels in these standards, similarities in these standards and the set of activities followed in the development process of these standards. 

scholarly journals ROLE OF MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGIES IN MUSEUM EXPOSITION

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-21
Author(s):  
Olga S. Lobanova ◽  
Tatiana S. Makarova ◽  
Tamara A. Glazyrina
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Project Work ◽  
Scientific Concept ◽  
Current State ◽  
Multimedia Technologies ◽  
Current Context ◽  
Regional Institute

The article is an attempt to reconsider the theoretical postulates related to multimedia in museum business through the prism of the exhibition experiences gained by the Ural Regional Institute of Museum Projects. The main issues raised in the article are the classification of digital technologies, their interaction with other elements of the exposition, the potential of using IT-technologies in museum space. The staff of the Institute review their mistakes made in project work, combining theory and practice. The most serious shortcomings in the creation of exhibitions with multimedia technologies are considered to be visual disharmony against the general design of the museum space, lack of multimedia technology unity and disengagement of digital technologies from the scientific concept. Consideration is also given to the current state of museum business in the current context of overall digitalization.

scholarly journals Social origins of risk semiotics

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav K. Shcherbin
Keyword(s):  
Modern Society ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Opposite Attitude

The article examines the structure of the inter-relationship between society and its inherent risks, the main components of which are society’s accumulated experience in predicting and mitigating risks, the continuous complication of modern society and the new social risks it generates. The reasons for the formation of these components, the positive and negative results of their use by society are analyzed. The reactions of managers and scientists to existing social risks are described. The main difference between these reactions is the diametrically opposite attitude of managers and scientists to the phenomenon of reductionism in solving complex social problems. The article defines the role of interdisciplinary research areas (synergetics, systemology, the combined social analysis, science of science, etc.) in solving problems related to social risks. The proposed by A. G. Teslinov’s classification of existing worlds (the material world, the world of ideas, the social world and the world of signs) correlates with traditional disciplinary classifications. The place of a new scientific direction (risk semiotics) in the system of existing risk sciences, as well as among other artificial semiotics is established. The conclusion about the need for interrelated development of social semiotics and risk semiotics is substantiated.

scholarly journals The Present Role of Actuator Technology in Surgical Robotic Devices

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Secord ◽  
H. Harry Asada
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Surgical Robots ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Robotic Devices ◽  
Taxonomic Framework ◽  
Present Role

Surgical robots have greatly facilitated numerous challenging medical procedures such as totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass grafting. Despite the initial success of some classical robotic mechanisms (e.g., the da Vinci robot from Intuitive Surgical), limitations in the fundamental hardware impose constraints on the system capabilities and ease of use. While sensing, control, and computation hardware for robotically assisted surgery continue to improve, actuator technology remains relatively unchanged. This paper reviews the state of the art in actuators for surgical robotic devices and therefore elucidates the need for further actuator technology development. A physics-based actuator taxonomy is presented followed by a classification of the prominent research areas in surgical robotics. Using this taxonomic framework, we review the present role of actuator technology in surgical robotic devices.

Semantics for the Semantic Web

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Sheth ◽  
Cartic Ramakrishnan ◽  
Christopher Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Description Logics ◽  
Heterogeneous Data ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Broad Variety ◽  
Semantic Techniques

Enabling applications that exploit heterogeneous data in the Semantic Web will require us to harness a broad variety of semantics. Considering the role of semantics in a number of research areas in computer science, we organize semantics in three forms — implicit, formal, and powerful — and explore their roles in enabling some of the key capabilities related to the Semantic Web. The central message of this article is that building the Semantic Web purely on description logics will artificially limit its potential, and that we will need to both exploit well-known techniques that support implicit semantics, and develop more powerful semantic techniques.

Once Again About Political Economy as a Scientific and Educational Discipline (on the Debated Aspects of the Problem)

2020 ◽  
pp. 118-128
Author(s):  
A.A. Porokhovsky
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
Current State ◽  
University Courses ◽  
Neoclassical Economic Theory

Russian scientific economic literature continues to discuss the problem of the modern evolution of political economy as a science and its return as an academic discipline in the number of mandatory university courses. In this regard, the article, firstly, examines the historical fate and the current state of Marxist political economy, emphasizes its fundamental difference from other economic theories. Secondly, — considerable attention is paid to neoclassical economic theory and an academic discipline called «economics». The historical circumstances of the emergence of this term are shown and the place of neoclassicism in the Western classification of economic sciences is characterized. Thirdly, — for a comprehensive analysis of the economy, it is proposed to use general economic theory as a combination (a special kind of aggregate) of all modern schools, directions and programs of economic theory, unified in the object, but differing in the subject and method of research. It is emphasized that the role of the basis and historically and logically the initial component of this theory is played by political economy.

«Take rooting» of the Braun-Blanquet approach classification of vegetation in the USSR and Russia

2008 ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Mirkin
Keyword(s):  
International Standards ◽  
Practical Work ◽  
Current State ◽  
Union Conference

Examines the history and current state of classification of vegetation based on the ecological-floristic criteria into the USSR and Russia. The method began to be introduced in practical work of the Soviet geobotanical in the 1970s, became popular in the 1980s. In the 1990s and the 2000s, the level classifications have increased and now meets international standards. Shows the role of the 6th All-Union conference on the classification of vegetation (Ufa, 1981) and the Journal «Vegetation of Russia» in the development of this classification.

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