We Cannot Eat Data

2008 ◽  
pp. 2432-2447
Author(s):  
Barbara Paterson

Computer ethicists foresee that as information and communication technology (ICT) increasingly pervades more and more aspects of life, ethical issues increasingly will be computer-related. This view is underpinned by the assumption that progress is linear and inevitable. In accordance with this assumption, ICT is promoted as an essential component of development. This notion ignores the cultural origin of computing. Computer technology is a product of the Western worldview, and consequently, the computer revolution is experienced differently by people in different parts of the world. The computer revolution not only threatens to marginalize non-Western cultural traditions, but the Western way of life also has caused large-scale environmental damage. This chapter argues that computer ethics has to critically analyze the links between computing and its effects on cultural diversity and the natural environment and proposes that the Earth Charter can function as a framework for such holistic research.

Author(s):  
Barbara Paterson

Computer ethicists foresee that as information and communication technology (ICT) increasingly pervades more and more aspects of life, ethical issues increasingly will be computer-related. This view is underpinned by the assumption that progress is linear and inevitable. In accordance with this assumption, ICT is promoted as an essential component of development. This notion ignores the cultural origin of computing. Computer technology is a product of the Western worldview, and consequently, the computer revolution is experienced differently by people in different parts of the world. The computer revolution not only threatens to marginalize non-Western cultural traditions, but the Western way of life also has caused large-scale environmental damage. This chapter argues that computer ethics has to critically analyze the links between computing and its effects on cultural diversity and the natural environment and proposes that the Earth Charter can function as a framework for such holistic research.


2011 ◽  
pp. 153-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Paterson

Computer ethicists foresee that as information and communication technology (ICT) increasingly pervades more and more aspects of life, ethical issues increasingly will be computer-related. This view is underpinned by the assumption that progress is linear and inevitable. In accordance with this assumption, ICT is promoted as an essential component of development. This notion ignores the cultural origin of computing. Computer technology is a product of the Western worldview, and consequently, the computer revolution is experienced differently by people in different parts of the world. The computer revolution not only threatens to marginalize non-Western cultural traditions, but the Western way of life also has caused large-scale environmental damage. This chapter argues that computer ethics has to critically analyze the links between computing and its effects on cultural diversity and the natural environment and proposes that the Earth Charter can function as a framework for such holistic research.


AYUSHDHARA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjli Sharma ◽  
Anjana Mishra ◽  
Manik Soni ◽  
Vijay Chaudhary

Medoroga is a condition in which there is an excessive accumulation of Meda Dhatu in the body. Accumulation of Medo Dhatu in different parts of the body causes blockage of Strotsa which ultimately leads to poor nourishment of other Dhathus. Lack of exercises and Kaphavardhak Ahar Viharar are the two main causes of Medoroga. In modern times, way of life has changed drastically to quick nourishments and inactive tendencies throughout the world. Because of these factors, accumulation of Meda dhatu happens immensely. In Ayurveda, dyslipidemia is considered under Medoroga. Dyslipidemia is an emerging serious health abnormality associated with co-morbidities including CVD that continues to be the leading cause of death worldwide. It is characterized by an increase in cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL levels, and a decrease in HDL levels. The present study has been designed to compare the efficacy of Triphala Kwath and Trikatu capsules on various clinical parameters in the management of Medoroga w.s.r to dyslipidemia. Twenty patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were randomly selected for the trial and put into two groups of ten patients each. Trikatu capsules were given to patients in group I and Triphla kwath with Madhu and Trikatu capsules in combination were given to patients of group II for 8 weeks. Patients were thoroughly assessed on various scientific parameters during the complete trial period. In group II, a significant (p<0.001) improvement was observed in subjective parameters and serum cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, VLDL levels while in group I, a significant (p<0.001) improvement was observed in HDL only. It may affirmatively be construed from the study that the best impact of the trial drugs was observed with Triphala Kwatha with Madhu and Trikatu Capsule together (i.e. Group II). This combination therapy was most effective in reducing the overall lipid profile with substantial gains related to subjective as well as objective parameters without any adverse effects.


2016 ◽  
pp. 793-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonidas G. Anthopoulos ◽  
Pantelis Ipsilantis ◽  
Vassiliki Kazantzi

Digital cities have been evolved during the last decade and they have installed various information systems and information and communication technology (ICT) based infrastructures across various cities in the world. Most digital cities are ongoing investments, while their outcomes are differentiated from their primary objectives, and many of them are declined although their deliverables have been achieved. The aim of this paper is to approach the digital city as a unique project instead of a program of projects. In this context, a digital city can be considered a complex and large scale project, while the project management perspective will be applied on two representative forms of digital cities in order to conclude on a common management model, to underline the difficulties of such a project, and to provide with useful instructions that can be used by current and by future project managers who approach a similar initiative.


Author(s):  
Penny Duquenoy ◽  
Oliver K. Burmeister

There is a growing concern both publicly and professionally surrounding the implementation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and their social and ethical impact. As these technologies become increasingly pervasive and less visible to the user, there is a greater need for professionals to address the concerns in order to regain public trust and maximise the benefits that these technologies can bring. This chapter explores the ethical aspects of the world of pervasive computing and shows the need for an ethical perspective when considering the design and implementation of complex, integrated, multiple systems. We present the background to ethics and technology to give the foundation for our discussion, and refer to current research and ethical principles to provide the argument for ethical consideration. Finally, codes of professional conduct provide the standards, and endorsement, for professional responsibility.


2020 ◽  
pp. 4-14
Author(s):  
N. N. Sokolenko ◽  
A. L. Mkrtchyan

The onset of the Covid-19 pandemic, due to objective circumstances, led to a large-scale spread of the mode of work outside stationary workplaces, to the development of interaction between the parties to labor relations using information and communication technologies. So, the contradictions between the real processes in the world of work during the pandemic and Russian labor law were revealed.


2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 688-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Menezes Gonçalves de Brito ◽  
Darci de Oliveira Santa Rosa

Background: The research on nursing professionals in Clinical Ethics Committees and Nursing Ethics Commissions occurs in different parts of the world; however, little information on this subject is found in the literature. Objective: This study analyzed national and international publications in relation to the participation of nursing professionals in Clinical Ethics Committees. Research design: This was an integrative review of articles published in national and international journals between 1994 and 2016 which described the participation of nursing professionals in ethics commissions. Participants and research context: A total of 35 articles were selected. Discussion and conclusion for this article: The thematic categories were the need for time to discuss ethical issues; ethics committee to reduce the moral suffering of professionals; competencies required for participation; and barriers/difficulties and facilitators for implementation/ performance. It was concluded that professionals recognize the need for ethics committees to foster discussions. However, barriers hamper operation and fundamental competencies for participation. Communication of committee activities to professionals and educational activities may be major allies to improve the functioning of these committees.


2019 ◽  
pp. 24-37
Author(s):  
Yuriі Boreiko

The article attempts to comprehend the phenomenon of an event in the religious dimension. An event is considered as a phenomenon characterized by a singularity, that is, an individual character of expression, belongs to the sphere of non everyday life, does not coincide with the usual framework of understanding of the world and does not correspond to empirical factual. The need for a more active philosophical and religious discourse of the correlation between everyday and non everyday life in the realm of religion led to the necessity of address to this problem. Thus, the purpose of the article is to find out the ontological status of the event, the religious context of which manifests itself as an opposition to everyday life and leads to a transformation of the established way of life of the believer.          Everyday being is characterized by features of sacredness, demonstrates the attraction to the transcendent. For this reason, the obvious and justified is the combination of the phenomena of everyday empirical world with the values ​​of another dimension of being. The presence of non everyday in everyday life is evidenced, in particular, by elements of cult practice, since they are an expression of sacral time and space, as well as a way of incarnation of eternal values. The sphere of non everyday life includes the relationship between human and God described in the Gospels, prophecies, revelation, and vision as non everyday manifestations of religious experience. Event is the opposition of the world of phenomena to beyond the exquisite world of being, the transformation, which leads to the emergence of new orders and structures. Implementation of the event contradicts the previous ideas, therefore meeting the event with standard reality is accompanied by a transformation of everyday life. Establishing the rootedness of an event into being or its transcendental origin allows us to determine the causes of an event. In a secularized world, human, for the most part, demonstrates his willingness to recognize as significant events, including those in the universe, which correspond to scientific knowledge. This happens even when the fact of the event calls into question the fundamental postulates of science. Given this discovery in science, situations in politics, art, personal life are perceived as large-scale events. Moreover, the moment of meeting with the event can be described, for example, with a poetic language that expresses certain symbols of human existence and appears as a means of objectivizing the event as an unexpected innovation. Instead, the believer perceives events of a supernatural nature as an interference of the otherworldly reality in the usual way of life. Thus, the reception of religious experience is accompanied by the transformation of the individual's everyday life. The basis of the mystical experience of the religious tradition is the experience of meeting with the Divine, which results in a change in the believer's self-consciousness, transformation of its values, senses and meanings. That is, the awareness of an event that does not belong to an established order implies the prospect of new reality emersion, which contradicts previous notions. One of the forms of gaining religious experience is the process of conversion, which results in the transformation of the ideological orientation of a person, which enables the knowledge of their own hidden depths of consciousness. Conversion, the acquisition of grace and faith express the sudden or gradual process by which the individual achieves internal harmony, awareness of his righteousness, a sense of happiness, finds support in believing in the reality of what he has discovered in religious experiences.


In opening the proceedings of this meeting Mr J. S. Sawyer of the U.K. Meteorological Office uttered the view that it is really premature as yet to ask a meteorologist to interpret the events of the last glaciation. Nevertheless, that is just what I have been asked to do and, though one must tread warily, I believe it must be attempted. Indeed, it has been attempted in a number of scientific papers in recent years and these two days’ proceedings have surely helped us to see a number of things more clearly. I have no time to do justice to all the points that appear interesting. A meteorologist looks first for the large-scale patterns, which are probably the least difficult to discern and which provide the framework into which all else must fit. Most meteorologists, oceanographers and perhaps all who are neither geologists nor palaeobotanists, will also probably echo Professor W. A. Watts’s reservations about the many names adopted for the various cold and warm stages. One must acknowledge the need which has called the multiplicity of naming systems into being, but the outsider can only accept them reluctantly as marking a provisional stage until the dating is firm and the correspondence of the events known by different names in different parts of the world has been established. This huge, and growing, vocabulary is formidable to those outside the debates about the field evidence and tends to deter other scientists who might contribute to interpreting the processes of climatic change in the Quaternary. From this point of view, and to such audiences, dates and numbered stages, or one single series of names, are much to be preferred.


Author(s):  
Zacharias P. Pieri

On June 29, 2014, The Islamic State (IS), also known as the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS), Islamic State of Iraq and the Islamic Levant (ISIL), and Daesh, proclaimed the establishment of a caliphate in areas straddling Iraq and Syria. IS is a Sunni Muslim jihadist movement that was under the leadership of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi until his killing in 2019, and it is driven by a vision to unite all Muslims under its caliphate, which was grounded in Syria. IS was, for a period, the most robust and adept insurgent force in Syria and Iraq, and by 2015, it controlled a landmass and population larger than that of many existing states. At the height of its power, it included a vast coastline in Libya, a portion of Nigeria’s northeast where affiliated Boko Haram declared an Islamic territory, and a city in the Philippines. Beyond this, IS was able to establish franchises in different parts of the world including North Africa and the Sahel. Leaders of IS called on Muslims from across the world to leave their homes, and to travel to the so-called caliphate to take up residency there as jihadists and citizens of a proto-state. Those that could not physically join were encouraged to participate online, and others were instructed by Sheikh Abu Muhammad al-Adnani, the IS’s chief spokesman, to find an infidel and smash his head with a rock. IS, from its inception, has looked to the Maghreb and the Sahel as strategic geographic areas for the expansion of its ideology, incorporation of territory into its caliphate, and for operational purposes. It is clear that the notion of an Islamic state was popular for a segment of the population in the Maghreb, with many leaving the countries of Libya, Tunisia, Morocco, and beyond to join, train, and fight with IS in Syria and Iraq. Tunisia had the highest number of IS foreign fighters, estimated at approximately 6,000; Morocco had 1,200; Libya and Egypt had 600; and Algeria had 170. Returning fighters are destabilizing North Africa. Libya was an early focus of IS due in part to the fall of the Gadhafi regime in 2011, and the ensuing political chaos, which caused a weak and fragile state. Libya served as the first addition to the territories of IS’s caliphate outside Syria and Iraq. Tunisia faced several large-scale attacks linked to IS activities in the country. In 2015 a number of terrorist attacks were carried out, including the massacre of 38 tourists at a beach resort in Sousse, the bombing of a bus containing presidential guards in Tunis, and an attack on the Bardo museum in Tunis. Algeria has had to monitor the country’s borders to prevent the entry of jihadists affiliated with IS who operate in neighboring countries. At the time of writing, concerns were being raised about different franchises of IS that are seeking to better integrate and to take advantage of insecurity in the Sahel, especially around the borders of Mali, Burkina Faso, and into Niger and Nigeria.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document