Broadband in America

2010 ◽  
pp. 990-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark N. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Bush Administration ◽  
Econometric Models ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Slow Speed ◽  
Telephone Companies ◽  
The World ◽  
Measures Of Performance ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Intermodal Competition

Under the Bush Administration, the U.S. failed to close the digital divide and fell behind on broadband. In 2001, 54 percent of households did not have the Internet. In late 2007, 49 percent of households did nothave broadband. About 25 percent of households with incomes below $25,000 per year had broadband in 2007; whereas over 80 percent of households with incomes above $75,000 did. In 2001, the U.S. ranked third in the world in the penetration of broadband, but had fallen to 15th by 2007. A variety of measures of performance and econometric models that control for economic and social factors show a dozen nations are ahead of the U.S. The laissez faire policy pursued by the Bush administration let a duopoly of cable and telephone companies dribble out broadband at slow speed and high prices. In contrast, the nations that passed the U.S. implemented much more aggressive policies to promote broadband and instead of relying on weak intermodal competition, they required the dominant networks to be open to competition in Internet services. This kept the price down and stimulated adoption and innovation.

Broadband in America

2010 ◽  
pp. 359-384
Author(s):  
Mark N. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Bush Administration ◽  
Econometric Models ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Slow Speed ◽  
Telephone Companies ◽  
The World ◽  
Measures Of Performance ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Intermodal Competition

Under the Bush Administration, the U.S. failed to close the digital divide and fell behind on broadband. In 2001, 54 percent of households did not have the Internet. In late 2007, 49 percent of households did nothave broadband. About 25 percent of households with incomes below $25,000 per year had broadband in 2007; whereas over 80 percent of households with incomes above $75,000 did. In 2001, the U.S. ranked third in the world in the penetration of broadband, but had fallen to 15th by 2007. A variety of measures of performance and econometric models that control for economic and social factors show a dozen nations are ahead of the U.S. The laissez faire policy pursued by the Bush administration let a duopoly of cable and telephone companies dribble out broadband at slow speed and high prices. In contrast, the nations that passed the U.S. implemented much more aggressive policies to promote broadband and instead of relying on weak intermodal competition, they required the dominant networks to be open to competition in Internet services. This kept the price down and stimulated adoption and innovation.

Counterterrorism and the Western Response

2019 ◽  
pp. 51-75
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Affective Response ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
The West ◽  
The World ◽  
The U.S ◽  
United Nation

There has been a neglect on the part of Western governments with focus on the U.S. to take seriously the internet campaign that ISIS has been waging since 2014 and the affective response that still draws citizens from across the world into their promise of a civilized, united nation for Muslims. It is possible that the West, even with a severely increased commitment to fighting the Islamic State, may be too late. This chapter will explore responses by Western governments including the United States to fight internet-enabled terrorism.

Al Nashiri v. Poland (Eur. Ct. H.R.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-734
Author(s):  
Christina M. Cerna
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Bush Administration ◽  
The State ◽  
Intergovernmental Organizations ◽  
Open Society ◽  
European Court ◽  
The World ◽  
The U.S

The European Court of Human Rights (European Court), increasingly known as “the conscience of Europe,” together with the Council of Europe’s Parliamentary Assembly, were the first intergovernmental organizations to reveal information about the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency’s (CIA) “black sites.” These “black sites” were secret prisons established around the world, outside of U.S. territory, by the George W. Bush administration and run by the CIA to detain suspects termed “high value,” and their existence was repeatedly denied by the U.S. and Polish Governments. The Soros funded Open Society Justice Initiative, filed the application with the European Court on behalf of Abd al-Nashiri on May 6, 2011, arguing that Poland had been complicit in his rendition, detention, and torture at a CIA black-site prison within the state.

The Census, Audiences, and Publics

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margo Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
World Wide ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Science History ◽  
The Public ◽  
Social Science History ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Video And Audio ◽  
The U.S

Visual and oral, video and audio evidence are brought to bear to examine the history of the U.S. census and the practice of social science history. The article explores how artists have appropriated and depicted census taking in America and how census takers used “artistic” forms of evidence to advertise and promote the census and explicate census results to the public. The article also suggests how social science historians have understood and used the new electronic environment of the Internet and the World Wide Web to present their data and findings.

scholarly journals Participation in International Governance Regime by the "Rest of the World": An Analysis of ICANN and South Korea

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-51
Author(s):  
Milton Mueller ◽  
Jisuk Woo
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
General Framework ◽  
The Internet ◽  
International Governance ◽  
Civil Society Participation ◽  
Governance Regime ◽  
The World ◽  
Private Corporation ◽  
Policy Agendas ◽  
The U.S

This paper explores the participation, policy agendas, and effectiveness of representatives from outside of North America and Europe in the processes of THe Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). ICANN is an important and interesting example of how the Internet and e-commerce are creating new forms of international governance. ICANN is a private corporation, created at the end of 1998. How does the unique ICANN approach to an international governance problem affect the rest of the world (ROW) than the U.S.? Does the reliance on a private sector organization with some channels open to civil society participation make representation of ROW needs and interests easier or harder? How effectively have ROW actors participated in ICANN's regimes? What procedures and substantive policies would improve the benefits recieved by the ROW in the ICANN process? Relying on the empirical evidence from South Korea, the paper establishes a general framework for analyzing this problem.

E-Business Strategy in Franchising

2010 ◽  
pp. 316-324
Author(s):  
Ye-Sho Chen ◽  
Chuanlan Liu ◽  
Qingfeng Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Business Strategy ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
The World ◽  
Bill Gates ◽  
Global Growth ◽  
The U.S

Franchising as a global growth strategy is gaining its popularity (Justis and Judd, 2002; Thomas and Seid, 2000; Chen and Justis, 2006). For example, the U.S. Commercial Service estimated that China, having over 2,600 brands with 200,000 franchised retail stores in over 80 sectors, is now the largest franchise market in the world (U.S. Commercial Service, 2008). The popularity of franchising continues to increase, as we witness an emergence of a new e-business model, Netchising, which is the combination power of the Internet for global demand-and-supply processes and the international franchising arrangement for local responsiveness (Chen, Justis, and Yang, 2004; Chen, Chen, and Wu, 2006). For example, Entrepreneur magazine – well known for its Franchise 500 listing – in 2001 included Tech Businesses into its Franchise Zone that contains Internet Businesses, Tech Training, and Miscellaneous Tech Businesses. At the time of this writing, 45 companies are on its list. In his best seller, Business @ the Speed of Thought, Bill Gates (1999) wrote: “Information Technology and business are becoming inextricably interwoven. I don’t think anybody can talk meaningfully about one without talking about the other.” (p. 6) Gates’ point is quite true when one talks about e-business strategy in franchising. Thus, to see how e-business can be “meaningfully” used in franchising, one needs to know how franchising really works.

The Problem of Factors of Economic Growth in Modern Russia

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 29-31
Author(s):  
Леонид Басовский ◽  
Leonid Basovskiy ◽  
Елена Басовская ◽  
Elena Basovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Econometric Models ◽  
Capital Account ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
Economic Growth Rates

In the Russian economy after the crisis of 2008–2009 systemic changes have been occurred. In the period before this crisis, Russia experienced economic growth, which was faster than the growth rate of the world economy, then after the crisis, economic growth rates do not exceed the growth rates of the world economy. The use of econometric models of economic growth made it possible to establish the following. Changes in traditional growth factors — labor and capital — account for only 11% of the economic growth before the crisis, and only 3% after the crisis of 2018–2009. Obviously, the change in the rates of economic growth in modern Russia is due to other economic factors, factors related to human capital, innovations, institutional, political, social factors.

International Contracts and Terminology: An Annotated Research Guide for the U.S. Practitioner

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Guerin
Keyword(s):  
The Internet ◽  
Commercial Law ◽  
Marshall Mcluhan ◽  
Global Village ◽  
The World ◽  
Integral Element ◽  
Research Guide ◽  
The U.S

“The world is a global village.” With the advent of the Internet and increased commercial global transactions, these words ring truer today than when they were first exclaimed by Marshall McLuhan in the late 1960's. Foreign business deals are now a commonplace activity. International commercial law, which used to be a specialty, has quickly become an integral element of the practice of a transactional lawyer.

scholarly journals Actual Satellite Imagery Sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 906 (1) ◽  
pp. 012071
Author(s):  
Jana Izvoltova ◽  
Vilma Kriauciunaite-Neklejonoviene ◽  
Robert Sasik
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
The World ◽  
The U.S

Abstract The huge benefit of the Internet is that it not only connects people from all over the world but also provides information that would otherwise be unavailable. Anyone who needs access to the latest satellite imagery can take it via many platforms provided remote sensing data, either for free from the websites belonging to national research and space centers or for a fee charged by commercial companies. The article offers an overview of the most used services, whose data are available and suitable for processing using EarthExplorer – a platform of the U.S. Geological Survey agency.

E-Business Strategy in Franchising

2011 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Ye-Sho Chen ◽  
Chuanlan Liu ◽  
Qingfeng Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Business Strategy ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
The World ◽  
Bill Gates ◽  
Global Growth ◽  
The U.S

Franchising as a global growth strategy is gaining its popularity (Justis and Judd, 2002; Thomas and Seid, 2000; Chen and Justis, 2006). For example, the U.S. Commercial Service estimated that China, having over 2,600 brands with 200,000 franchised retail stores in over 80 sectors, is now the largest franchise market in the world (U.S. Commercial Service, 2008). The popularity of franchising continues to increase, as we witness an emergence of a new e-business model, Netchising, which is the combination power of the Internet for global demand-and-supply processes and the international franchising arrangement for local responsiveness (Chen, Justis, and Yang, 2004; Chen, Chen, and Wu, 2006). For example, Entrepreneur magazine – well known for its Franchise 500 listing – in 2001 included Tech Businesses into its Franchise Zone that contains Internet Businesses, Tech Training, and Miscellaneous Tech Businesses. At the time of this writing, 45 companies are on its list. In his best seller, Business @ the Speed of Thought, Bill Gates (1999) wrote: “Information Technology and business are becoming inextricably interwoven. I don’t think anybody can talk meaningfully about one without talking about the other.” (p. 6) Gates’ point is quite true when one talks about e-business strategy in franchising. Thus, to see how e-business can be “meaningfully” used in franchising, one needs to know how franchising really works.

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