ICT-Supported Education for Sustainable Development of South Korean Rural Communities

Regional Development ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-0882-5.ch408 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 769-785

Author(s):

K. P. Joo

Keyword(s):

Adult Education ◽

Rural Communities ◽

South Korea ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

The South ◽

Social Challenges ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

South Korean ◽

Rural And Urban

The rural communities in South Korea have faced serious challenges as the country has gradually opened the agricultural market and extended the conclusion of Free Trade Agreement with more and more countries. Moreover, due to the national socio-economic and political structures, South Korea has been undergoing the technological imbalance between rural and urban areas. In order to cope with these vital social challenges, the South Korean government has exerted considerable investment and effort in establishing ICT knowledge and skills as well as infrastructure in rural areas. Thus, conceptualizing ICT in the context of adult education, this chapter addresses three ICT-supported adult education programs oriented toward developing ICT skills and competencies of people in agricultural areas of South Korea. The South Korean cases of agricultural ICT education represent the vast and concentrated national efforts in integrating ICT across rural areas in this fast changing global situation.

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ICT-Supported Education for Sustainable Development of South Korean Rural Communities

Cases on Progressions and Challenges in ICT Utilization for Citizen-Centric Governance ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-2071-1.ch010 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 217-239

Author(s):

K. P. Joo

Keyword(s):

Adult Education ◽

Rural Communities ◽

South Korea ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

The South ◽

Social Challenges ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

South Korean ◽

Rural And Urban

The rural communities in South Korea have faced serious challenges as the country has gradually opened the agricultural market and extended the conclusion of Free Trade Agreement with more and more countries. Moreover, due to the national socio-economic and political structures, South Korea has been undergoing the technological imbalance between rural and urban areas. In order to cope with these vital social challenges, the South Korean government has exerted considerable investment and effort in establishing ICT knowledge and skills as well as infrastructure in rural areas. Thus, conceptualizing ICT in the context of adult education, this chapter addresses three ICT-supported adult education programs oriented toward developing ICT skills and competencies of people in agricultural areas of South Korea. The South Korean cases of agricultural ICT education represent the vast and concentrated national efforts in integrating ICT across rural areas in this fast changing global situation.

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Metadiscourse in persuasive essays by elementary students in South Korea and the US

Journal of Language and Cultural Education ◽

10.1515/jolace-2017-0020 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 80-102 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Il-Hee Kim

Keyword(s):

Rural Communities ◽

South Korea ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

South Korean ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Sentence Level ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Persuasive Essays ◽

The Us

AbstractThis study investigated metadiscourse in the persuasive essays of fourth graders from both urban and rural communities: 224 students in South Korea and 188 in the US. Each student was asked to write a persuasive essay in his or her native Korean or English in response to a story not previously read or discussed. Analysis with a taxonomy developed by Hyland (2004) indicated significant differences in the metadiscourse by country. In terms of interactive metadiscourse, South Korean students used more sentence-level transitions than U.S. students, who used more frame markers and endophoric markers. With regard to interactional metadiscourse, U.S. students used more hedges, boosters, engagement markers, and self-mentions in their essays. This study also compared the students′ essays by the type of community in which the writers lived. In the US the essays of students in rural communities contained more hedges, whereas those of students in urban areas included significantly more self-mentions. In South Korea, no significant difference was detected in the metadiscourse of students living in rural and urban areas.

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TURNING FARMERS INTO SOCIAL FARMER ENTREPRENEURS FOR DISADVANTAGED PEOPLE

NORDSCI Conference proceedings, Book 1 Volume 3 ◽

10.32008/nordsci2020/b1/v3/31 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Remus Runcan

Keyword(s):

Rural Communities ◽

Low Income ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Health And Safety ◽

Physical Work ◽

Healthy Environment ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural Development Programme ◽

Rural And Urban

According to Romania’s National Rural Development Programme, the socio-economic situation of the rural environment has a large number of weaknesses – among which low access to financial resources for small entrepreneurs and new business initiatives in rural areas and poorly developed entrepreneurial culture, characterized by a lack of basic managerial knowledge – but also a large number of opportunities – among which access of the rural population to lifelong learning and entrepreneurial skills development programmes and entrepreneurs’ access to financial instruments. The population in rural areas depends mainly on agricultural activities which give them subsistence living conditions. The gap between rural and urban areas is due to low income levels and employment rates, hence the need to obtain additional income for the population employed in subsistence and semi-subsistence farming, especially in the context of the depopulation trend. At the same time, the need to stimulate entrepreneurship in rural areas is high and is at a resonance with the need to increase the potential of rural communities from the perspective of landscape, culture, traditional activities and local resources. A solution could be to turn vegetal and / or animal farms into social farms – farms on which people with disabilities (but also adolescents and young people with anxiety, depression, self-harm, suicide, and alexithymia issues) might find a “foster” family, bed and meals in a natural, healthy environment, and share the farm’s activities with the farmer and the farmer’s family: “committing to a regular day / days and times for a mutually agreed period involves complying with any required health and safety practices (including use of protective clothing and equipment), engaging socially with the farm family members and other people working on and around the farm, and taking on tasks which would include working on the land, taking care of animals, or helping out with maintenance and other physical work”

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SOCIAL COMMUNICATION OF FARMERS IN ESTABLISHING FOOD SECURITY RECOVERY

TEMALI : Jurnal Pembangunan Sosial ◽

10.15575/jt.v3i1.7482 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 18-38

Author(s):

Rully Khairul Anwar ◽

Edwin Rizal ◽

Elnovani Lusiana

Keyword(s):

Rural Communities ◽

Social Communication ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Communication Model ◽

Open Communication ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

The City

This study aimed to gain an overview of farmers' community in rural areas about a social communication model among them who have cultivated farmland from generation to generation. The qualitative and descriptive study in a village in Garut found that there were patterns of traditional communication maintained by the majority of farmers as well as open communication patterns with absorbs the modernization of development. With social communication pattern, it is clear that there are efforts to strengthen the resilience of rural communities which are sufficient dynamic to reduce the imbalance between rural and urban areas, reduce the level of dependence of the city, increase the income of farmers, and empowerment of farmers and poor communities in rural areas.

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The Impact of IT Development on Rural Communities 1n Korea

International Studies Review ◽

10.1163/2667078x-01001005 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 99-115

Author(s):

Junghoon Moon ◽

Joowon Park ◽

Gu Hyun Jung ◽

Young Chan Choe

Keyword(s):

Rural Communities ◽

Digital Divide ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Perceived Usefulness ◽

Urban Migration ◽

Rural Residents ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

The Impact

The Internet has brought massive changes to human lives. Among the various positive and negative influences are the rural-urban digital divide, which refers to the information technology gap between rural and urban areas. The Korean government has made several effortS to close this digital divide. The main goal of this study is to identify how the personal and social lives of rural residents are affected by IT development in rural areas, and how the residents perceive the effect of IT development. To accomplish this goal, a survey research was conducted. A questionnaire was developed based on the current body of literature, and used to collect data. The questionnaire was distributed to rural residents in Korea and 272 responses our of a total of 300 collected were usable. Regression analysis methods were used for the analysis. On the analysis where the IT development index was used as an independent variable, positive relationships were found between the independent variables and some dependent variables such as perceived usefulness for jobs, IT usage skills, and tendencies of rural to urban migration. Findings show that rural residents are worried that IT development in rural areas may cause job loss in their respective communities, and decrease social interaction. However, positive perceptions were also apparent, as participants believed IT is useful for communications within the community, as well as better education and medical services.

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A Comparative Study of Knowledge, Attitude, and Determinants of Tuberculosis-Associated Stigma in Rural and Urban Communities of Lagos State, Nigeria

Tuberculosis Research and Treatment ◽

10.1155/2020/1964759 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

David A. Oladele ◽

Mobolanle R. Balogun ◽

Kofoworola Odeyemi ◽

Babatunde L. Salako

Keyword(s):

Rural Communities ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Delayed Diagnosis ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Health Concern ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Lagos State

Background. Tuberculosis (TB) is an important public health concern in Nigeria. TB-associated stigma could lead to delayed diagnosis and care, treatment default, and multidrug resistance. Understanding of TB-associated stigma is therefore important for TB control. The study is aimed at determining and comparing the knowledge, attitude, and determinants of TB-associated stigma. Methodology. This was a comparative cross-sectional study among adults in urban and rural areas of Lagos State, Nigeria. Respondents were selected through a multistage sampling technique and interviewed using a semistructured questionnaire, which contained the Explanatory Model Interviewed Catalogue (EMIC) stigma scale. IBM SPSS Statistics Software package version 20 was used for analysis. Results. A total of 790 respondents were interviewed. High proportions of respondents in rural and urban areas were aware of TB (97.5% and 99.2%, respectively). Respondents in the urban areas had overall better knowledge of TB compared to the rural areas (59.4% vs. 23%; p < 0.001 ), while respondents in the rural areas had a better attitude to TB (60.5% vs. 49.9%; p = 0.002 ). The majority of respondents in rural and urban areas had TB-associated stigma (93% and 95.7%, respectively). The mean stigma score was higher in the urban compared to rural areas ( 17.43 ± 6.012 and 16.54 ± 6.324 , respectively, p = 0.046 ). Marital status and ethnicity were the predictors of TB-associated stigma in the rural communities (AOR-0.257; CI-0.086-0.761; p = 0.014 and AOR–3.09; CI-1.087-8.812; p = 0.034 , respectively), while average monthly income and age of respondents were the predictors of TB-associated stigma in urban areas (AOR–0.274; CI–0.009-0.807; p = 0.019 and AOR-0.212; CI–0.057-0.788; p = 0.021 , respectively). Conclusion. TB-associated stigma is prevalent in both rural and urban areas in this study. There is therefore a need to disseminate health appropriate information through the involvement of the community. Also, innovative stigma reduction activities are urgently needed.

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Stress and Depression in Family Members of Patients with De-mentia in Urban and Rural Communities: Cross-Sectional Sur-veys in Korea

Iranian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.18502/ijph.v50i12.7934 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Seok Hwan Kim ◽

Junga Lee

Keyword(s):

South Korea ◽

Marital Status ◽

Socioeconomic Factors ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Family Members ◽

Dementia Patient ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Urban And Rural Areas

Background: We compared the associations of socioeconomic factors with stress and depression among family members living with a dementia patient in urban and rural areas of South Korea. Methods: Data were collected from 9,730 (4,560 urban and 5,170 rural) participants in the Korean Community Health Survey from 2014-17. The variable of interest was the presence of a cohabitating dementia patient, and the dependent variables were stress and depression. Results: Family members living with a dementia patient in rural areas had a significantly lower socioeconomic status (education, household income, marital status, and employment) than those living in urban areas (p<0.001). In addition, family members living with a dementia patient in rural areas reported statistically significantly less stress and depression than did those in urban areas after adjusting for related factors(rural stress OR=0.87, 95% CI=0.80-0.95; rural depression OR=0.75, 95% CI=0.66-0.85). Female gender and a low family income were associated with stress and depression in both rural and urban areas. Age, educational attainment, number of family members, marital status, and employment status differed slightly between urban and rural areas. Conclusion: The socioeconomic factors associated with stress and depression differ slightly in the rural and urban areas of South Korea.

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Comparative Analysis of Households Solid Waste Management in Rural and Urban Ghana

Journal of Environmental and Public Health ◽

10.1155/2016/5780258 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Simon Boateng ◽

Prince Amoako ◽

Divine Odame Appiah ◽

Adjoa Afriyie Poku ◽

Emmanuel Kofi Garsonu

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Rural Communities ◽

Waste Management ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Urban Communities ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Solid Waste Management ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban

The comparative analysis of solid waste management between rural and urban Ghana is largely lacking. This study investigated the solid waste situation and the organisation of solid waste management in both urban and rural settings from the perspective of households. The study employed cross-sectional survey covering both rural and urban districts in the Ashanti and Greater Accra Regions of Ghana. The study systematically sampled houses from which 400 households and respondents were randomly selected. Pearson’s Chi square test was used to compare demographic and socioeconomic variables in rural and urban areas. Multivariate Test, Tests of Between-Subjects Effects, and Pair-Wise Comparisons were performed through one-way MANOVA to determine whether or not solid waste situations in rural and urban areas are significantly different. The results revealed that location significantly affects solid waste management in Ghana. Urban communities had lower mean scores than rural communities for poor solid waste situation in homes. However, urban communities had higher mean scores than rural communities for poor solid waste situation in principal streets and dumping sites. The study recommends that the local government authorities implement very comprehensive policies (sanitary inspection, infrastructure development, and community participation) that will take into consideration the specific solid waste management needs of both urban and rural areas.

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Urban–rural disparity in cancer incidence in China, 2008–2012: a cross-sectional analysis of data from 36 cancer registers

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042762 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. e042762

Author(s):

Shuai Yuan ◽

Shao-Hua Xie

Keyword(s):

Cancer Incidence ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Cancer Type ◽

Anatomic Site ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Urban Rural

ObjectiveThe substantial differences in socioeconomic and lifestyle exposures between urban and rural areas in China may lead to urban–rural disparity in cancer risk. This study aimed to assess the urban–rural disparity in cancer incidence in China.MethodsUsing data from 36 regional cancer registries in China in 2008–2012, we compared the age-standardised incidence rates of cancer by sex and anatomic site between rural and urban areas. We calculated the rate difference and rate ratio comparing rates in rural versus urban areas by sex and cancer type.ResultsThe incidence rate of all cancers in women was slightly lower in rural areas than in urban areas, but the total cancer rate in men was higher in rural areas than in urban areas. The incidence rates in women were higher in rural areas than in urban areas for cancers of the oesophagus, stomach, and liver and biliary passages, but lower for cancers of thyroid and breast. Men residing in rural areas had higher incidence rates for cancers of the oesophagus, stomach, and liver and biliary passages, but lower rates for prostate cancer, lip, oral cavity and pharynx cancer, and colorectal cancer.ConclusionsOur findings suggest substantial urban–rural disparity in cancer incidence in China, which varies across cancer types and the sexes. Cancer prevention strategies should be tailored for common cancers in rural and urban areas.

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