High Level Definition of Event-Based Applications for Pervasive Systems

2011 ◽  
pp. 128-172
Author(s):  
Steffen Ortmann ◽  
Michael Maaser ◽  
Peter Langendoerfer
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Design Flow ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
Event Based ◽  
New Applications

Within pervasive intelligent environments, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) will surround and serve us at any place and any time. A proper usability is considered essential for WSNs supporting real life applications. With this chapter, we aim at ease of use for specifying new applications that have to autonomously cope with expected and unexpected heterogeneity, sudden failures, and energy efficiency. Starting with general design criteria for applications in WSNs, we created a user-centric design flow for pervasive applications. The design flow provides very high abstraction and user guidance to refrain the user from implementation-, deployment- and hardware-details including heterogeneity of the available sensor nodes. Automatic event configuration is accomplished by using a flexible Event Specification Language (ESL) and Event Decision Trees (EDTs) for distributed detection and determination of real world phenomena. EDTs autonomously adapt to heterogeneous availability of sensing capabilities by pruning and subscription to other nodes for missing information. We present one of numerous simulated scenarios proving the robustness and energy efficiency with regard to the required network communications. From these, we learned how to deduce appropriate bounds for configuration of collaboration region and leasing time by asking for expected properties of the phenomena to be detected.

Autonomous Execution of Reliable Sensor Network Applications on Varying Node Hardware

2015 ◽  
pp. 602-663
Author(s):  
Steffen Ortmann ◽  
Peter Langendoerfer
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Network ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Design Flow ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Network Applications ◽  
User Centric ◽  
User Guidance ◽  
Very High

The authors present a user-centric design flow for ease of use for specifying Wireless Sensor Network applications even for heterogeneous hardware. The design flow provides very high abstraction and user guidance to refrain the user from implementation, deployment, and hardware details including heterogeneity of the available sensor nodes. Automatic event configuration is accomplished by using a flexible Event Specification Language (ESL) and Event Decision Trees (EDTs) for distributed detection and determination of real world phenomena. EDTs autonomously adapt to heterogeneous availability of sensing capabilities by pruning and subscription to other nodes for missing information. The authors analyze the approaches in theory and praxis. They present two of numerous simulated scenarios proving the robustness and energy efficiency of the approach while having learnt appropriate configuration properties that are required for correct sensing. They can deal with failing sensors despite performing pretty well in terms of accuracy and number of messages exchanged.

scholarly journals Determination of kinetic coefficients for treating synthetic oily wastewater in suspended growth batch fed reactor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Sanghamitra ◽  
Debabrata Mazumder ◽  
Somnath Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Oily Wastewater ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Oil And Grease ◽  
Property A ◽  
Kinetic Coefficients ◽  
Suspended Growth ◽  
Suspended Biomass ◽  
High Level

Abstract Discharge of oily wastewater imparts serious threat to the environment because of high level concentration of COD, BOD as well as oil and grease and it is difficult to treat such wastewater due to its inherent toxic and inhibitory property. A treatability study of oily wastewater (carrying petroleum) has been performed in the present work using a batch suspended growth reactor. The experiment was conducted using acclimatized suspended biomass in laboratory environment and the kinetic coefficients were determined which are immensely important for design of such reactor. The oil removal efficiency was observed to be in the range of 62.84–85.45% corresponding to average MLSS concentration range of 1,797–3,668 mg/L. Haldane kinetic model was found to be the best fitted for the biodegradation of oily wastewater with acclimatised microorganisms in the present investigation. The kinetic co-efficients including Ks, Y, kd, k and ki were calculated from the experimental data and the values were compared with published results cited by various scientists. The derived kinetic coefficients values are to be useful for understanding the dynamics of substrate utilisation with production of biomass and efficient design of biological systems and also for pilot plant investigation with real life wastewater of similar nature.

Automatic Determination of Feature Interactions in Design-for-Manufacturing Analysis

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gadh ◽  
F. B. Prinz
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Boundary Representation ◽  
Abstract Entity ◽  
Automatic Determination ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Feature Interactions ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
Aided Design

The current paper discusses a fundamentally new approach to defining and finding interactions in computer-aided design (CAD) forms or features. Feature classes are defined using a high-level abstract entity called a loop. Loops define features in a general manner and aid in the definition of feature boundaries as well. Interactions between features exist due to interactions between their boundaries. Several types of interactions are defined and automatically determined from the boundary representation solid model of the part subsequent to performing feature extraction.

Scotch

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-293
Author(s):  
Martin Kiefer ◽  
Ilias Poulakis ◽  
Sebastian Breß ◽  
Volker Markl
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Broad Class ◽  
Approximate Query Processing ◽  
Code Generator ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Large Scale Network ◽  
Hardware Description ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level

Sketching algorithms are a powerful tool for single-pass data summarization. Their numerous applications include approximate query processing, machine learning, and large-scale network monitoring. In the presence of high-bandwidth interconnects or in-memory data, the throughput of summary maintenance over input data becomes the bottleneck. While FPGAs have shown admirable throughput and energy-efficiency for data processing tasks, developing FPGA accelerators requires a sophisticated hardware design and expensive manual tuning by an expert. We propose Scotch, a novel system for accelerating sketch maintenance using FPGAs. Scotch provides a domain-specific language for the user-friendly, high-level definition of a broad class of sketching algorithms. A code generator performs the heavy-lifting of hardware description, while an auto-tuning algorithm optimizes the summary size. Our evaluation shows that FPGA accelerators generated by Scotch outperform CPU- and GPU-based sketching by up to two orders of magnitude in terms of throughput and up to a factor of five in terms of energy efficiency.

scholarly journals Development of Visual Servoing-Based Autonomous Docking Capabilities in a Heterogeneous Swarm of Marine Robots

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 7124
Author(s):  
Anja Babić ◽  
Filip Mandić ◽  
Nikola Mišković
Keyword(s):  
Visual Servoing ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Image Processing Algorithm ◽  
Control Structures ◽  
Robotic Swarm ◽  
High Level

This paper describes the design, development, and testing of both hardware and software for a visual servoing-based system that enables agents within a heterogeneous marine robotic swarm to share energy. The goal of this system is prolonging the active operational time of the swarm as a whole, allowing it to perform long-term environmental monitoring and data collection missions. The implementation presented in the paper features an over-actuated autonomous surface platform docking up to four floating sensor nodes at a time and replenishing their batteries using wireless inductive charging. Mechanical solutions for each robot segment related to the docking procedure are presented, along with pertinent high-level and low-level control structures. A node featuring an extended Kalman filter and additional heuristics is used to fuse measurements from a neural network trained for object detection and a hue thresholding image processing algorithm, in order to track the docking target and achieve visual servoing. Finally, experimental results in both a controlled environment and challenging conditions on-site are presented. Once deployed, the developed system successfully enables the approach and docking of the designated target, showing its feasibility in different real-life conditions.

Business strategy modelling based on enterprise architecture: a state of the art review

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 606-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fotis Kitsios ◽  
Maria Kamariotou
Keyword(s):  
Business Strategy ◽  
Enterprise Architecture ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Technology Planning ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Modelling Languages ◽  
High Level ◽  
Business Complexity

Purpose Enterprise architecture (EA) is a means of a high level of abstraction of a business’ levels which helps organise planning and taking better decisions. Evidence has shown that the scope of EA is not restricted to technology planning, but the lack of business strategy and processes is the most common problem of EA frameworks. Consequently, a challenge stems from the fact that the formulation of strategy should not be modelled separately but as a holistic approach. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the contemporary problems in existing EA modelling frameworks concerning the optimisation of business strategy concepts and to identify areas for improvement. Design/methodology/approach Studies were spotted using a three phased literature review methodology which was suggested by Webster and Watson (2002). Findings Although, previous studies have attempted to use tools and models to visualise the technological business planning, limited previous study has focussed on modelling strategic planning. Due to issues concerning the lack of guidelines for modelling business strategy, a holistic approach is needed to be made. Originality/value The paper contributes to the existing literature by assessing the current EA modelling languages and their skilfulness to modelling strategy. Moreover, it contributes to the determination of difficulties in modelling, as well as to the examination of ease of use of language in the context of strategy. Second, this paper provides an overview to practitioners who would like to develop effective EA modelling projects, as well as to architects who try to solve the problems of business complexity.

scholarly journals Reproduction parameters and fertility control in herds of dairy cows

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Stevan Perkovic ◽  
Dragan Vukovic ◽  
Milan Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Fertility Control ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Good Reproduction ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
Successful Production

In order to achieve good reproduction and production results in herds of dairy cows, apart from basic conditions concerning housing, care and nutrition, it is necessary to carry out regular clinical examinations of genital organs. Such examinations are not carried out regularly in practice therefore often many reproduction disorders are not diagnosed timely. As consequence we have bad fertility results, considerably lower milk production and high level of culled females from the herd. Reproduction parameters in herds of dairy cows are important factors from the aspect of successful production and herd management. Analysis of certain parameters enables the definition of problems in production, as well as the cause of bed results. Majority of this parameters can be applied in large dairy cow herds, some are also applicable in smaller herds. In conditions of market economy demands for economically efficient production are more expressed therefore the adequate determination of mentioned parameters is of great importance.

Determination of the Maximum Length of the Cooling Pipeline Used in the District Cooling System

2014 ◽  
Vol 1030-1032 ◽  
pp. 1379-1383
Author(s):  
Chao Yi Tan ◽  
Hui Zhu ◽  
Hai Hua Hu ◽  
Gang Chen ◽  
Han Qing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Maximum Length ◽  
Transportation Energy ◽  
Refrigeration Unit ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Mathematical Model

For the purpose of taking full advantages of the District Cooling System (DCS), the mathematical model was established based on the principle of non-decreasing state of the energy efficiency grade of the refrigeration unit and high level of the transportation energy efficiency of the cooling pipeline. Based on the mathematical model, two formula were derived. One is suitable for the scientific research concerning the length of the DCS, and the other is appropriate for the design in engineering application. The determination of the maximum length of the pipe provides an alternative for the research and design of the DCS, therefore it is worth studying.

Content extraction of historical Malay manuscripts based on Event Ontology Framework

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
M.N. Zahila ◽  
A. Noorhidawati ◽  
M.K. Yanti Idaya Aspura
Keyword(s):  
Content Knowledge ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Ontology Model ◽  
Event Ontology ◽  
High Level ◽  
Event Based

This article aims to explore representation of the content knowledge of historical Malay manuscripts by extracting the event features using an event ontology framework. The manuscript used during the testing is Sulalatus Salatin (Sejarah Melayu ) by Abdul Ahmad Samad and it was published at University of Malaya Digital Library database. In aligning to a domain-specific ontology, the Simple Event Model (SEM) model is adopted and an event-based ontology for historical Malay manuscripts is designed. Information extraction approach is done manually to extract events from the manuscript and mapped into Protégé editor. Competency questions were constructed and submitted to the Protégé editor using SPARQL to check the ontology capability of providing answers as well as to examine its correctness. Event-based ontology model assists in discovering and representing the content knowledge of historical Malay manuscripts and supports organisation of knowledge. All the main concepts are extracted from selected Malay manuscript and 17 concepts used to develop the event-based ontology model. The knowledge was verified by three domain experts in Malay manuscript. In the findings, the interrater reliability for Event and Actor instances is 84%, which means 16% of instances and its type are incorrect and need amendment. For Place, interrater reliability is 95% and 99% for Role. Meanwhile, the experts achieved 100% agreement for Time. In addition, the experts agreed that the concepts, properties and instances for Malay Manuscript Ontology and complied with the criteria of consistency, completeness, conciseness, expandability and ease of use. The development of the event-based model of an ontology-based system with a high level of semantic granularity reflects the various cultural riches and intellectual aspect stored in Malay manuscripts. This will enable systematic research of the knowledge embedded in the manuscripts and make it widely and easily accessible by everyone.

Performance Analysis of TBC-ACO Routing Protocol with Existing Routing Protocols of Wireless Sensor Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
A. Radhika ◽  
D. Haritha
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Swarm Intelligence ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Congestion Aware

Wireless Sensor Networks, have witnessed significant amount of improvement in research across various areas like Routing, Security, Localization, Deployment and above all Energy Efficiency. Congestion is a problem of  importance in resource constrained Wireless Sensor Networks, especially for large networks, where the traffic loads exceed the available capacity of the resources . Sensor nodes are prone to failure and the misbehaviour of these faulty nodes creates further congestion. The resulting effect is a degradation in network performance, additional computation and increased energy consumption, which in turn decreases network lifetime. Hence, the data packet routing algorithm should consider congestion as one of the parameters, in addition to the role of the faulty nodes and not merely energy efficient protocols .Nowadays, the main central point of attraction is the concept of Swarm Intelligence based techniques integration in WSN.  Swarm Intelligence based Computational Swarm Intelligence Techniques have improvised WSN in terms of efficiency, Performance, robustness and scalability. The main objective of this research paper is to propose congestion aware , energy efficient, routing approach that utilizes Ant Colony Optimization, in which faulty nodes are isolated by means of the concept of trust further we compare the performance of various existing routing protocols like AODV, DSDV and DSR routing protocols, ACO Based Routing Protocol  with Trust Based Congestion aware ACO Based Routing in terms of End to End Delay, Packet Delivery Rate, Routing Overhead, Throughput and Energy Efficiency. Simulation based results and data analysis shows that overall TBC-ACO is 150% more efficient in terms of overall performance as compared to other existing routing protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks.

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