Social Capital

2010 ◽  
pp. 249-270
Author(s):  
Pablo Blasco Bocigas
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Competitive Dynamics ◽  
Social Character ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Levels

The competitive dynamics of a firm take place through the interaction with different agents inside as well as outside of its organizational limits. Firms have elements of social character that are visible through the interactions between individuals, groups and organizations at different levels. The social capital would allow a firm to connect diverse agents to obtain and exchange resources and transfer knowledge. For this reason, the purpose of this chapter is to focus on finding an adequate defintion for social capital and in the identification of the forms that the research proposed to make this topic operative: networks and relations.

scholarly journals Social Capital: Higher Resilience in Slums in the Lagos Metropolis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3879
Author(s):  
Olabisi S. Obaitor ◽  
Taibat O. Lawanson ◽  
Marion Stellmes ◽  
Tobia Lakes
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Land Allocation ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Community Group ◽  
The Social ◽  
Structural Social Capital ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Slum Community

Different slums exhibit different levels of resilience against the threat of eviction. However, little is known about the role of the social capital of the slum community in this context. This study investigates the factors contributing to slum resilience in the Lagos Metropolis, Nigeria, through a social capital lens. This study first investigates land allocation in slums, then the available social capital, and subsequently how this capital influences resilience to the threat of eviction in slums. Data were collected in two slum communities, in Lagos, through in-depth interviews and focus groups discussion. This study shows that land allocation is done by the traditional heads, contrarily to the mandate of the Nigeria Land Use Act of 1978. Furthermore, there is a form of structural social capital through the presence of government registered community development associations in the slums; however, their activities, decision-making process and the perception of the residents’ towards their respective associations, differs. This led to differences in trust, social cohesion and bonding ties among residents of the slum, thereby influencing resilience to the threat of eviction in slums. Since community group associations, through the appointed executives, drive the efficient utilization of social capital in slums, this study therefore recommends their restructuring in order to support a sustainable solution to the threat of eviction in slums in Lagos.

Motivations for ritual performance in bribery: Ethnographic case studies of the use of guanxi to gain school places in China

2019 ◽  
pp. 001139211989267
Author(s):  
Ji Ruan
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Moral Norms ◽  
Ritual Performance ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
Interaction Rituals ◽  
The Social ◽  
Personal Connections ◽  
Moral Performance ◽  
Different Levels

According to Goffman, interaction rituals are underpinned by moral norms, and work in a moral fashion. The research discussed here, based on ethnographic case studies of the use of guanxi (Chinese personal connections) to gain school places in two Chinese cities, reveals that ritual performance in bribery guanxi can construct moral performance, implying justice and morality and thereby giving rise to a bribery subculture. Such moral performance, in turn, increases the social capital of the parties involved. The motivations for moral performance in this context differ. In some cases, the parties regard their practice as illegal and/or immoral, and ritual performance is employed to conceal the illegality of the transaction. In others, the practice of bribery is considered to fall within the renqing ethic, and ritual performance is used to mask the instrumental character of the transaction. Motivations for ritual performance also differ according to the closeness of guanxi ties between the briber and the bribed. This article identifies two forms of ritual performance – ‘ ketao ritual’, a form of renqing that attempts to mask instrumentality, and ‘tacit ritual’, which attempts to conceal illegality – and reveals how the individuals’ performance is related to different levels of closeness in guanxi. Although bribery takes place in many societies, the uses of ritual to morally validate bribery in China, especially the combination of ketao and tacit ritual, seems to be a particular cultural phenomenon.

scholarly journals BUILDING SOCIAL CAPITAL THROUGH LEADER APPROACH 2007-2013: CASE OF LATVIA AND POLAND

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka WOJEWÓDZKA-WIEWIÓRSKA ◽  
Agnese KRIEVIŅA ◽  
Ligita MELECE
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
The Social ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Cognitive Social Capital ◽  
Structural Social Capital ◽  
Different Levels

Building and developing social capital is regarded as a major factor underpinning the development of rural areas, while the LEADER approach to rural development has been found to have a great potential for creation and use of social capital. Therefore, the aim of the study is to explore the LEADER approach in building social capital in rural areas of Latvia and Poland, based on the thematic analysis of the implemented projects during 2007-2013. To achieve the objective, the study explores the introduction of the approach in Latvia and Poland, as well as presents project case studies for social capital formation in Latvia and Poland, by using appropriate materials and research methods. Projects carried out under the LEADER 2007-2013 in Latvia and Poland affect rural communities regarding social capital on different levels at the same time: build trust, create bonds around common values and raise citizens' involvement in joint initiatives. There are examples of projects that contribute to the building of structural social capital, relational social capital and cognitive social capital in Latvia and Poland. Overall, the thematic analysis of the realized projects in Latvia and Poland reveals that in relation to the social capital they have improved the possibilities for gathering and socialization, for participation in interest groups and associations. Never before in rural areas of Latvia and Poland there has been such a form of cooperation of different local actors, applying the bottom-up approach. Studies show that this approach works well in practice and brings the intended effects to rural development.

scholarly journals Social Capital Analysis as a Pattern of Developing Islamic Education in an Integral School Lukman al-Hakim Surabaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-214
Author(s):  
Saharuddin Saharuddin ◽  
Moch. Natsir Mahmud ◽  
Syarifuddin Ondeng ◽  
Ulfiani Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Strategy Of Development ◽  
Retrieval Technique ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
School Social Capital ◽  
Different Levels

This research seeks to uncover the strategy of development of work ethic and the spirit of learning of students at Islamic educational institutions at the Integral School of Lukman al-Hakim, Surabaya. The significance of this research lies in the thesis that concluded that as great as any renewal made by education, both public and Islamic, the conception of curriculum, concepts, management, methodologies, if not sustained by the spirit of the child Students to change, the change is futile. One of the students’ spirit analyses is social capital. It is proven in many quality education institutions with students who achievers apply the model of social capital development of students as the main gate. This research is an emperor who is approached by a qualitative approach to analysis. The data retrieval technique uses two methods; Documentation and observation. The researcher’s position in this regard as a participatory observer. After conducting the research, We found some final findings. Social capital analysis of students consists of social capital in community and social capital at school. Social Capital in the community consists of 1) genealogical Trust (belief in offspring), which is the assessment of society on the family of students and has a strong influence on the learning power of Students 2) Stimulation Trust (trust On stimulation). Social capital in this aspect is the optimism of parents and families to the students, 3) collaboration, meaning cooperation between students with families, with their fellow students, fellow learners but different levels and so on, and 4) values and norms. The last social capital of the community is concerned about the social norms that are so complex. Secondly, the social capital in the school consists of four things, namely mutual trust, networking, interaction or communication, value, and norms.

Socio-cultural Resource for Kazakhstan Modernization

2012 ◽  
pp. 74-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Stavinskaya ◽  
E. Nikishina
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Institutional Reforms ◽  
Cultural Resource ◽  
Bonding Social Capital ◽  
Social And Cultural Capital ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Cultural Features

The opportunities of the competitive advantages use of the social and cultural capital for pro-modernization institutional reforms in Kazakhstan are considered in the article. Based on a number of sociological surveys national-specific features of the cultural capital are marked, which can encourage the country's social and economic development: bonding social capital, propensity for taking executive positions (not ordinary), mobility and adaptability (characteristic for nomad cultures), high value of education. The analysis shows the resources of the productive use of these socio-cultural features.

Ways and Voices in the Psychoanalysis of Links According to Enrique Pichon-Rivière

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Jaitin
Keyword(s):  
Couple Therapy ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Clinical Work ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Social ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Different Levels

This article covers several stages of the work of Pichon-Rivière. In the 1950s he introduced the hypothesis of "the link as a four way relationship" (of reciprocal love and hate) between the baby and the mother. Clinical work with psychosis and psychosomatic disorders prompted him to examine how mental illness arises; its areas of expression, the degree of symbolisation, and the different fields of clinical observation. From the 1960s onwards, his experience with groups and families led him to explore a second path leading to "the voices of the link"—the voice of the internal family sub-group, and the place of the social and cultural voice where the link develops. This brought him to the definition of the link as a "bi-corporal and tri-personal structure". The author brings together the different levels of the analysis of the link, using as a clinical example the process of a psychoanalytic couple therapy with second generation descendants of a genocide within the limits of the transferential and countertransferential field. Body language (the core of the transgenerational link) and the couple's absences and presence during sessions create a rhythm that gives rise to an illusion, ultimately transforming the intersubjective link between the partners in the couple and with the analyst.

Value-driven issues throughout the development of sociological theory

2020 ◽  
pp. 147-160
Author(s):  
Gulbarshyn Chepurko ◽  
Valerii Pylypenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social System ◽  
Sociological Theory ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Different Levels

The paper examines and compares how the major sociological theories treat axiological issues. Value-driven topics are analysed in view of their relevance to society in times of crisis, when both societal life and the very structure of society undergo dramatic change. Nowadays, social scientists around the world are also witnessing such a change due to the emergence of alternative schools of sociological thought (non-classical, interpretive, postmodern, etc.) and, subsequently, the necessity to revise the paradigms that have been existed in sociology so far. Since the above-mentioned approaches are often used to address value-related issues, building a solid theoretical framework for these studies takes on considerable significance. Furthermore, the paradigm revision has been prompted by technological advances changing all areas of people’s lives, especially social interactions. The global human community, integral in nature, is being formed, and production of human values now matters more than production of things; hence the “expansion” of value-focused perspectives in contemporary sociology. The authors give special attention to collectivities which are higher-order units of the social system. These units are described as well-organised action systems where each individual performs his/her specific role. Just as the role of an individual is distinct from that of the collectivity (because the individual and the collectivity are different as units), so too a distinction is drawn between the value and the norm — because they represent different levels of social relationships. Values are the main connecting element between the society’s cultural system and the social sphere while norms, for the most part, belong to the social system. Values serve primarily to maintain the pattern according to which the society is functioning at a given time; norms are essential to social integration. Apart from being the means of regulating social processes and relationships, norms embody the “principles” that can be applied beyond a particular social system. The authors underline that it is important for Ukrainian sociology to keep abreast of the latest developments in the field of axiology and make good use of those ideas because this is a prerequisite for its successful integration into the global sociological community.

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