Student Political Participation and the Future of Democracy in Indonesia

Political participation means we will talk about the activities or activities of people as citizens in political life. Every citizen is required to participate in the process of making and formulating all state political policies. Students are intelligent individuals who are significant assets for a country. Students' political participation will feel more meaningful because they are considered and know that they are also idealistic and have not been contaminated by various destructive ideas. Therefore, this study aims to determine student political participation and the future of democracy in Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods in analyzing research data. Political participation of students in democracy can be seen by their participation in democratic elections as novice voters, with the participation of students in elections will provide political sensitivity and stimulation to students to be more actively involved in politics, with them being more actively involved in politics will be able to develop social character so that they have independence in determining their desires and are not easily influenced by persuasion and invitations from certain parties. In this study, there is also a need for political education for students. It is not easy to swallow false information that specific individuals do not truly create due to the lack of experience and knowledge in the field of politics in Indonesia.

NILAI-NILAI SPIRITUAL PENCAK SILAT KEBATINAN BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL DALAM MERUBAH SIFAT PREMANISME

This research is to find out the spiritual values ​​ existing in Pencak Silat (Martial Arts) as an effort to develop one's character, one of which is able to change the nature of thuggery. This study uses a qualitative design with a case study method, in which researchers conduct observations and interviews, and collect documentation at Padepokan Sapu Jagat Sukabumi. The data analysis process was carried out through the stages of collecting scientific article data sources, listening and interpreting the results of interviews, and comparing the interpretation results with previous research. Pencak Silat itself is a cultural heritage of the Indonesian nation having spiritual values, an attitude of piety to God Almighty, and a good social character. The spiritual values existing in PadepokanSapu Jagat are, among others, teaching to always ask God’s forgiving (istigfar), to read syahadat (creed), salawat, talqin sentences, to say the names of Allah, and tawasul. In addition, PadepkanSapu Jagat also teaches its members how to control themselves. The results of observations and interviews conducted by researchers show that the spiritual value existing in Sapu Jagat Padepokan is, among others, the ability to change the attitude of former criminals in Sukabumi, in fact this Sapu Jagat Padepokan is committed to providing goodness to the community environment.

Dhabas, highways, and exclusion

This chapter is an ethnographic study of ‘hybrid dhabas’ or inns that have emerged in the wake of massive highway construction all over India. Focusing especially on the dhabas on National Highways NH 1 and NH 37 passing through Murthal, Haryana, and Nagaon, Assam, this chapter argues that these hybrid dhabas, which combine features of traditional dhabas and city-based restaurants, reveal a particular social character of highways. These dhabas cater to a mostly middle-class clientele, while remaining inaccessible to less privileged classes and former users of highway inns, such as truck drivers. While scholars of urban studies have shown how material constructions such as shopping malls, theme parks, or gated communities give the city a middle-class character, this chapter shows how dhabas play a similar role in peri-urban areas by constructing the highways as middle-class spaces and sites of neoliberal exclusion.

Dynamics of Pakhtun Social Structure: Implications for Economic Development

Every region and people has peculiar economic characteristics and these features largely have roots in that region‟s social structure, social psychology and its dynamics. The capitalist economy of the United States has roots in individualismand Protestant Work Ethic, influenced both by Protestant religion and the social character of the Americans; the Client Economy of Saudi Arabia has deep linkages to its tribal social structure and the so-called Bazaar Economy of Afghanistan is profoundly embedded in the Pakhtun social structure of the country. The Pakhtuns of Pakistan have a peculiar social structure and social psychology thereof having profound and extensive influence on the region‟s economy particularly its largely underdevelopedcondition. The paper explores the characteristics of Pakhtun social structure and the interactive linkages between the social edifice and economic development or lack of it.

Pengembangan Kepribadian dan Karakter Sosial Peserta Didik melalui Pembiasaan di Pondok Pesantren Nurul Amal Ciamis

Personality and social character relate to good and bad human behavior. Personality and social character are the basis for knowing oneself which can help a person to control his desires, protect himself from deviant behavior and direct his life towards goodness and harmony in behavior. The phenomenon of the emergence of various personality deviations and social characters among the younger generation is a problem that must be resolved immediately because it will lead to disharmony in the life of society and the nation. Pesantren is an educational institution that can be a solution to solving moral problems that occur. The education held at the pesantren is very relevant in developing the personality and social character of students so that they become Islamic individuals. The purpose of this study was to determine the planning, implementation, and results of personality development and social character through habituation at Nurul Amal Ciamis Islamic Boarding School. This research uses a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques are carried out through interviews, observation, and documentation. The validity of the data in this study used triangulation techniques. The data analysis technique used is descriptive narrative. Data collection procedures use data reduction techniques, data presentation, and conclusions. The results of this study indicate that the planning for the development of the personality and social character of students through habituation at the Nurul Amal Islamic Boarding School through the creation of curricula, program activities, preparation of teaching human resources, and the availability of supporting infrastructure. The implementation of personality and social character development is carried out by asatidz and asatidzah with habituation through annual, semester, monthly, daily and spontaneous programs. The personalities of students that are formed are the correct faith, correct worship, morality, independence, broad insight, in good health, regular in matters, guarding time, fighting lust, and beneficial to others. Meanwhile, the social characters that are formed are social care, environmental care, tolerance, communication, and responsibility.