Music Onset Detection

Music onset detection plays an essential role in music signal processing and has a wide range of applications. This chapter provides a step by step introduction to the design of music onset detection algorithms. The general scheme and commonly-used time-frequency analysis for onset detection are introduced. Many methods are reviewed, and some typical energy-based, phase-based, pitch-based and supervised learning methods are described in detail. The commonly used performance measures, onset annotation software, public database and evaluation methods are introduced. The performance difference between energy-based and pitch-based method is discussed. The future research directions for music onset detection are also described.

A matrix-less method to approximate the spectrum and the spectral function of Toeplitz matrices with real eigenvalues

Numerical Algorithms ◽

10.1007/s11075-021-01130-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sven-Erik Ekström ◽

Paris Vassalos

Keyword(s):

Distribution Function ◽

Asymptotic Distribution ◽

Numerical Experiments ◽

Toeplitz Matrices ◽

Future Research ◽

Research Directions ◽

Numerical Examples ◽

Working Hypothesis ◽

Wide Range ◽

AbstractIt is known that the generating function f of a sequence of Toeplitz matrices {Tn(f)}n may not describe the asymptotic distribution of the eigenvalues of Tn(f) if f is not real. In this paper, we assume as a working hypothesis that, if the eigenvalues of Tn(f) are real for all n, then they admit an asymptotic expansion of the same type as considered in previous works, where the first function, called the eigenvalue symbol $\mathfrak {f}$ f , appearing in this expansion is real and describes the asymptotic distribution of the eigenvalues of Tn(f). This eigenvalue symbol $\mathfrak {f}$ f is in general not known in closed form. After validating this working hypothesis through a number of numerical experiments, we propose a matrix-less algorithm in order to approximate the eigenvalue distribution function $\mathfrak {f}$ f . The proposed algorithm, which opposed to previous versions, does not need any information about neither f nor $\mathfrak {f}$ f is tested on a wide range of numerical examples; in some cases, we are even able to find the analytical expression of $\mathfrak {f}$ f . Future research directions are outlined at the end of the paper.

CubeSat Communications: Recent Advances and Future Challenges

10.36227/techrxiv.12179397.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nasir Saeed ◽

Ahmed Elzanaty ◽

Heba Almorad ◽

Hayssam Dahrouj ◽

Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Channel Modeling ◽

Future Research ◽

New Paradigm ◽

Earth Remote Sensing ◽

Research Directions ◽

Space Industry ◽

Recent Advances ◽

Wide Range ◽

Future Challenges ◽

<pre><pre>Given the increasing number of space-related applications, research in the emerging space industry is becoming more and more attractive. One compelling area of current space research is the design of miniaturized satellites, known as CubeSats, which are enticing because of their numerous applications and low design-and-deployment cost. </pre><pre>The new paradigm of connected space through CubeSats makes possible a wide range of applications, such as Earth remote sensing, space exploration, and rural connectivity.</pre><pre>CubeSats further provide a complementary connectivity solution to the pervasive Internet of Things (IoT) networks, leading to a globally connected cyber-physical system.</pre><pre>This paper presents a holistic overview of various aspects of CubeSat missions and provides a thorough review of the topic from both academic and industrial perspectives.</pre><pre>We further present recent advances in the area of CubeSat communications, with an emphasis on constellation-and-coverage issues, channel modeling, modulation and coding, and networking.</pre><pre>Finally, we identify several future research directions for CubeSat communications, including Internet of space things, low-power long-range networks, and machine learning for CubeSat resource allocation.</pre></pre>

A Systematic Survey on Deep Generative Models for Graph Generation

10.36227/techrxiv.12733037 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaojie Guo ◽

Liang Zhao

Keyword(s):

Generative Models ◽

Future Research ◽

Specific Domain ◽

Research Directions ◽

Wide Range ◽

Data Representations ◽

Definition Of ◽

Rich History ◽

Graph Generation

Graphs are important data representations for describing objects and their relationships, which appear in a wide diversity of real-world scenarios. As one of a critical problem in this area, graph generation considers learning the distributions of given graphs and generating more novel graphs. Owing to its wide range of applications, generative models for graphs have a rich history, which, however, are traditionally hand-crafted and only capable of modeling a few statistical properties of graphs. Recent advances in deep generative models for graph generation is an important step towards improving the fidelity of generated graphs and paves the way for new kinds of applications. This article provides an extensive overview of the literature in the field of deep generative models for graph generation. Firstly, the formal definition of deep generative models for the graph generation as well as preliminary knowledge is provided. Secondly, two taxonomies of deep generative models for unconditional, and conditional graph generation respectively are proposed; the existing works of each are compared and analyzed. After that, an overview of the evaluation metrics in this specific domain is provided. Finally, the applications that deep graph generation enables are summarized and five promising future research directions are highlighted.

Prices on the Internet

Encyclopedia of E-Business Development and Management in the Global Economy ◽

10.4018/978-1-61520-611-7.ch004 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 36-45

Author(s):

Jihui Chen

Keyword(s):

Price Dispersion ◽

Future Research ◽

The Internet ◽

Extensive Literature ◽

Price Information ◽

Internet Pricing ◽

Online Retailers ◽

Wide Range ◽

In the pre-Internet era, consumers relied on media such as Sunday newspapers and flyers for product and price information. Such a search process is time-consuming and unlikely to be exhaustive. Existence of incomplete information has been shown to lead to price dispersion (Stigler, 1961). Recent advances in information technology have dramatically changed the manner by which consumers and businesses gather and transmit information. With a few mouse-clicks, consumers are able to compare price information from a wide range of vendors. With the advent of the Internet, especially the introduction of price comparison sites or shopbots, competition among online retailers escalates and we might expect prices to converge in the new economy. However, substantially decreased transaction cost has apparently not led to online price convergence. An extensive literature on Internet pricing has documented persistent price dispersion in online markets. In this chapter, I review price dispersion and related literatures, and discuss future research directions.

Encyclopedia of Organizational Knowledge, Administration, and Technology - Advances in Logistics, Operations, and Management Science ◽

Modern Downsizing

10.4018/978-1-7998-3473-1.ch135 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1970-1983

Author(s):

Grzegorz Wojtkowiak

Keyword(s):

Financial Analysis ◽

Management Tool ◽

Future Research ◽

Research Directions ◽

Good Practices ◽

Strategic Option ◽

Wide Range ◽

Points Of View

The aim of the chapter is to present the concept of downsizing from different points of view: as a strategic option, as a management tool and as a phenomenon. It describes the evolution of the term, its definitions, and different directions of development. A scale and possible outcomes are described on the basis of financial analysis; however it also discusses the role of non-financial aspects. The chapter points out reasons, aims and a wide range of tools that may be used during implementation of downsizing. One of the conclusions of the chapter is to present future research directions aiming at increasing knowledge of managers and providing them with detailed good practices.

Aspects of battle damage repair of helicopter structures

The Aeronautical Journal ◽

10.1017/s0001924000003778 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 114 (1155) ◽

pp. 321-332 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. Wang ◽

A. Baker

Keyword(s):

Composite Structures ◽

Future Research ◽

Research Directions ◽

Strength Assessment ◽

Damage Prediction ◽

Damage Repair ◽

Repair Materials ◽

Wide Range ◽

Non Destructive

Abstract This paper summarises recent research conducted at the Defence Science and Technology Organisation in the area of aircraft battle damage repair, covering aspects such as ballistic testing, ballistic damage prediction, non-destructive damage inspection, structure residual-strength assessment, repair materials and techniques, repair design approaches, repair implementation and demonstration. The research has been focused on military helicopter composite structures. This paper provides an overview of a wide range of research conducted and detailed information in selected areas. Considerations for future research directions are also briefly discussed.

Virtual Knowledge Graphs: An Overview of Systems and Use Cases

Data Intelligence ◽

10.1162/dint_a_00011 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 201-223 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Guohui Xiao ◽

Linfang Ding ◽

Benjamin Cogrel ◽

Diego Calvanese

Keyword(s):

Data Integration ◽

Domain Knowledge ◽

Data Access ◽

Use Cases ◽

Future Research ◽

Knowledge Graph ◽

Research Directions ◽

Wide Range ◽

Knowledge Graphs

In this paper, we present the virtual knowledge graph (VKG) paradigm for data integration and access, also known in the literature as Ontology-based Data Access. Instead of structuring the integration layer as a collection of relational tables, the VKG paradigm replaces the rigid structure of tables with the flexibility of graphs that are kept virtual and embed domain knowledge. We explain the main notions of this paradigm, its tooling ecosystem and significant use cases in a wide range of applications. Finally, we discuss future research directions.

Perinatal Depression

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199797004.013.024 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Jennifer N. Felder ◽

Abigail Lindemann ◽

Sona Dimidjian

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Perinatal Depression ◽

Perinatal Period ◽

Future Research ◽

Childbearing Age ◽

Research Directions ◽

Wide Range ◽

Assessment And Treatment ◽

Assessment Strategies

Depression is a common problem among pregnant andpostpartum women, with rates comparable to or greater than those among women of childbearing age who are not pregnant or postpartum. Perinatal depression is associated with a wide range of unique assessment and treatment complexities, risk factors, and consequences for women and offspring. In this chapter, we review current research on the prevalence of perinatal depression, etiology, risk factors, and consequences, and we discuss assessment strategies and interventions. Limitations to current research and future research directions are noted. We conclude with guidelines for practitioners for assessing and treating depression during the perinatal period.

Hole Detection for Quantifying Connectivity in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey

Journal of Computer Networks and Communications ◽

10.1155/2014/969501 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Pearl Antil ◽

Amita Malik

Keyword(s):

Wireless Sensor Networks ◽

Sensor Networks ◽

Wireless Sensor ◽

Future Research ◽

Detection Algorithms ◽

Coverage Hole ◽

Detection Schemes ◽

Coverage Hole Detection ◽

Hole Detection

Owing to random deployment, environmental factors, dynamic topology, and external attacks, emergence of holes in wireless sensor networks is inescapable. Hole is an area in sensor network around which sensors cease to sense or communicate due to drainage of battery or any fault, either temporary or permanent. Holes impair sensing and communication functions of network; thus their identification is a major concern. This paper discusses different types of holes and significance of hole detection in wireless sensor networks. Coverage hole detection schemes have been classified into three categories based on the type of information used by algorithms, computation model, and network dynamics for better understanding. Then, relative strengths and shortcomings of some of the existing coverage hole detection algorithms are discussed. The paper is concluded by highlighting various future research directions.

Proceedings of the Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence ◽

Person Search Challenges and Solutions: A Survey

10.24963/ijcai.2021/613 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xiangtan Lin ◽

Pengzhen Ren ◽

Yun Xiao ◽

Xiaojun Chang ◽

Alex Hauptmann

Keyword(s):

Free Form ◽

Future Research ◽

Search Query ◽

Research Directions ◽

Wide Range ◽

Person Features ◽

Real World Applications ◽

Person Search ◽

Open Issues

Person search has drawn increasing attention due to its real-world applications and research significance. Person search aims to find a probe person in a gallery of scene images with a wide range of applications, such as criminals search, multicamera tracking, missing person search, etc. Early person search works focused on image-based person search, which uses person image as the search query. Text-based person search is another major person search category that uses free-form natural language as the search query. Person search is challenging, and corresponding solutions are diverse and complex. Therefore, systematic surveys on this topic are essential. This paper surveyed the recent works on image-based and text-based person search from the perspective of challenges and solutions. Specifically, we provide a brief analysis of highly influential person search methods considering the three significant challenges: the discriminative person features, the query-person gap, and the detection-identification inconsistency. We summarise and compare evaluation results. Finally, we discuss open issues and some promising future research directions.