The Road to SC Transition for Cities in Developing Nations

2022 ◽  
pp. 214-231
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Smart Technology ◽  
The Road ◽  
Complex Operation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Versus Transformation ◽  
Guiding Principles

Smart city transformation is a complex operation and comes with critical challenges that this chapter addresses in a strategic manner. The chapter clearly distinguishes between different types of cities. An overview of the most significant and crucial four qualities of smart cities is discussed. An essential part of the chapter is the review of the foundations of technology in smart cities with emphasis on indispensable types of technology such as communications, smart technology, and connectivity infrastructure. The second important part of the chapter is the issue of developing guiding principles to smart city transformation. A discussion of strategies of migration versus transformation of smart cities is followed by a review of the phases of smart cities implementation.

Smart Cities and Their Missions

2022 ◽  
pp. 151-167
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Digital Transformation

Two major topics are presented in this chapter: the reasons behind adopting the choice of digital transformation into smart city and the challenges that are encountered in doing so. In persistence towards transformation, the smart city concept is explained, with a detailed view of the principles for smart development, sharing a vision for forward actions. The chapter also outlines the types of challenges faced by professionals in developing nations while implementing smart city transformation. It discusses three main types of challenges: strategic, direct, and persistent. As an overview of the transformation process, the chapter discusses the pillars of smart cities development.

scholarly journals Open-Source Electronics Platforms as Enabling Technologies for Smart Cities: Recent Developments and Perspectives

Electronics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Costa ◽  
Cristian Duran-Faundez
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Computational Power ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Programmable Devices ◽  
Hardware Platforms

With the increasing availability of affordable open-source embedded hardware platforms, the development of low-cost programmable devices for uncountable tasks has accelerated in recent years. In this sense, the large development community that is being created around popular platforms is also contributing to the construction of Internet of Things applications, which can ultimately support the maturation of the smart-cities era. Popular platforms such as Raspberry Pi, BeagleBoard and Arduino come as single-board open-source platforms that have enough computational power for different types of smart-city applications, while keeping affordable prices and encompassing many programming libraries and useful hardware extensions. As a result, smart-city solutions based on such platforms are becoming common and the surveying of recent research in this area can support a better understanding of this scenario, as presented in this article. Moreover, discussions about the continuous developments in these platforms can also indicate promising perspectives when using these boards as key elements to build smart cities.

scholarly journals Heterogeneity in IoT-based Smart Cities Designs

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Mais Haj Qasem ◽  
Wesam AlMobaideen
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Efficient Resource ◽  
Crowd Monitoring ◽  
City Design ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Service Optimization

<span class="fontstyle01"><span>Smart city is a strategy of supporting new way of living using data that are collected from different types of electronic devices, analyzed and utilized to enable efficient resource usability and service optimization. Applications of various nature are elaborated in the smart cities, such as traffic planning applications, crowd monitoring, public health care, security, economy and urban planning. Thus, various requirements are needed to incorporate and facilitate efficient development of these applications in the smart city design. Accordingly, smart city can be distinguished via the requirements that support these applications. In this study, the requirements of smart city in relations to the involved applications and its influence on the smart city design are discussed.  A list of smart city requirements is concluded and the potentials of various network architecture to facilitate such requirements are discussed. </span></span><span class="fontstyle01"><span>Based on the requirements and the architectures, the existing smart city designs are evaluated and compared. </span></span>

scholarly journals A Novel Energy Optimization Approach for Electrical Vehicles in a Smart City

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flah Aymen ◽  
Chokri Mahmoudi
Keyword(s):  
Power Management ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Classification Problem ◽  
Optimal Decision ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
The Road

Electric Vehicles (EVs) have emerged rapidly across the globe as a powerful eco-friendly initiative that if integrated well with an urban environment could be iconic for the city’ host’s commitment to sustainable mobility and be a key ingredient of the smart city concept. This paper examines ways that will help us to develop a better understanding of how EVs can achieve energy use optimization and be connected with a smart city. As a whole, the present study is based on an original idea that would be useful in informing policy-makers, automotive manufacturers and transport operators of how to improve and embrace better EV technologies in the context of smart cities. The proposed approach is based on vehicles and buildings communication for sharing some special information related to the vehicle status and to the road condition. EVs can share their own information related to the energy experience on a specific path. This information can be gathered in a gigantic database and used for managing the power inside these vehicles. In this field, this paper exposes a new approach to power management inside an electric vehicle based on bi-communication between vehicles and buildings. The principle of this method is established on two sections; the first one is related to vehicles’ classification and the second one is attached to the buildings’ recommendation, according to the car position. The classification problem is resolved using the support vector classification method. The recommendation phase is resolved using the artificial intelligence principle and the neural network was employed, for giving the best decision. The optimal decision will be calculated inside the building, according to its position and using the old vehicle’s data, and transferred to the coming vehicle, for optimizing its energy consumption method in the corresponding building zone. Different possibilities and situations were discussed in this approach. The proposed power management methodology was tested and validated using Simulink/Matlab tool. Results related to the battery state of charge and to the consumed energy were compared at the end of this work, for showing the efficiency of this approach.

Risk priorities and their co-occurrences in smart city project implementation: Evidence from India’s Smart Cities Mission (SCM)

2020 ◽  
pp. 239980832090760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khushboo Gupta ◽  
Wenwen Zhang ◽  
Ralph P Hall
Keyword(s):  
Scale Development ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Risk Classification ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Project Implementation

With an increasing number of smart cities initiatives in developed as well as developing nations, smart cities are seen as a catalyst for improving the quality of life for city residents. However, current understanding of the risks that may hamper successful implementation of smart city projects remains limited due to inadequate data, especially in developing nations. The recent Smart Cities Mission launched in India provides a unique opportunity to examine the type of risks, their likelihood, and impacts on smart city project implementation by providing risk description data for area-based (small-scale) development and pan-city (large-scale) development projects in the submitted smart city proposals. We used topic modeling and semantic analysis for risk classification, followed by risk likelihood–impact analysis for priority evaluation, and the keyword co-occurrence network method for risk association analysis. The risk classification results identify eight risk categories for both the area-based and pan-city projects, including (a) Financial, (b) Partnership and Resources, (c) Social, (d) Technology, (e) Scheduling and Execution, (f) Institutional, (g) Environmental, and (h) Political. Further, results show risks identified for area-based and pan-city projects differ in terms of risk priority distribution and co-occurrence associations. As a result, different risk mitigation measures need to be adopted to manage smart city projects across scales. Finally, the paper discusses the similarities and differences in risks found in developed and developing nations, resulting in potential mitigation measures for smart city projects in developing nations.

scholarly journals The Level of Achievement for Assessment of Smart City in Smart Technology: A Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 328 ◽  
pp. 04013
Author(s):  
Hajar Hadad Sitna ◽  
Arief Assaf ◽  
Latif Lita Asyarif
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Application Layer ◽  
Achievement Level ◽  
Smart Technology ◽  
Smart Mobility ◽  
Role Of It ◽  
Achievement Indicators ◽  
Smart Government

There are many concepts to smart cities, but in general, a smart city is a combination of the use of Information and Technology (IT) with various dimensions to increase efficiency, transparency and service quality. The dimensions of smart cities most popular are six dimensions, namely smart mobility, smart living, smart environment, smart people, smart government, and smart economy. Some literature only mentions the role of IT in the smart technology dimension but has not explained the level of achievement indicators for the smart technology dimension. The dimensions of smart technology and indicators of achievement level are carried out using a Systematic Review (SR), where more than 7.302 papers were found that match the topic and then divided into the 20 main studies based on SR protocol. The indicator of the level of achievement of the smart technology dimension in a smart city is divided into four parts, namely the use of sensors in the smart city, integration between applications (application layer), the use of technological innovations in the intelligent layer such as the IoT, big data, and cloud computing etc., and to improving the quality and scope of applications, increasing the use of AI and engagement with all public stakeholders.

scholarly journals Place attachment and acceptance of smart city technologies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Wnuk ◽  
Tomasz Oleksy
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Place Attachment ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
City Governments ◽  
Emotional Bonds ◽  
Enabling Technologies ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Traditional Natural ◽  
Future Technologies

Recent studies on smart cities have emphasised thatsmart solution initiatives should take into accountcitizens’ different needs and concerns. The main aim ofthis paper is to examine the role of different types ofplace attachment – emotional bonds that residents havewith their city – in predicting the acceptance of futuresmart city technologies. In our study conducted amongresidents of multiple cities in Poland (N = 627), wefound that while active place attachment (i.e. consciousidentification with a place) predicted more favourableattitudes towards enabling technologies, traditional(natural and unintentional) place attachment waspositively associated with acceptance of surveillancetechnologies regarding everyday monitoring and anti–Covid-19 measures. We also found that therelationship between place attachment and acceptanceof future technologies is partially mediated by the useof existing smart city technologies. The implicationsfor city governments and planners are discussed.

scholarly journals Transforming ‘traditional’ cities into ‘smart’ cities

2020 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 06013
Author(s):  
Laxmi Nagaraj
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Base Line ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Indian Context ◽  
Project Plan

This paper aims to discuss the challenges of transforming ‘Traditional’ cities to ‘Smart Cities’ and the tools that can be used to transform ‘Traditional’ cities to ‘Smart’ cities in the Indian Context. In this context, this paper discusses the expectations and goals of the Smart City India Mission for the 100 Smart cities, the existing scenario of the ‘Traditional’ cities, the current status of the Smart cities in India and concludes that ‘Traditional’ cities can become ‘Smart’ by developing a base line scenario and developing a ‘Road Map’ to become ‘Smart’. The ‘Road Map’ must consist of the following four stages: Assessment, Vision, Project Plan and Metrics.

Smart City Ontologies: Improving the effectiveness of smart city applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicos Komninos ◽  
Charalampos Bratsas ◽  
Christina Kakderi ◽  
Panagiotis Tsarchopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Data Type ◽  
Smart Technology ◽  
Class Hierarchy ◽  
Knowledge Processes ◽  
Object Properties ◽  
Ontology Design ◽  
The Impact

This paper addresses the problem of low impact of smart city applications observed in the fields of energy and transport, which constitute high-priority domains for the development of smart cities. However, these are not the only fields where the impact of smart cities has been limited. The paper provides an explanation for the low impact of various individual applications of smart cities and discusses ways of improving their effectiveness. We argue that the impact of applications depends primarily on their ontology, and secondarily on smart technology and programming features. Consequently, we start by creating an overall ontology for the smart city, defining the building blocks of this ontology with respect to the most cited definitions of smart cities, and structuring this ontology with the Protégé 5.0 editor, defining entities, class hierarchy, object properties, and data type properties. We then analyze how the ontologies of a sample of smart city applications fit into the overall Smart City Ontology, the consistency between digital spaces, knowledge processes, city domains targeted by the applications, and the types of innovation that determine their impact. In conclusion, we underline the relationships between innovation and ontology, and discuss how we can improve the effectiveness of smart city applications, combining expert and user-driven ontology design with the integration and or-chestration of applications over platforms and larger city entities such as neighborhoods, districts, clusters, and sectors of city activities.

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