The Use of Carbon Finance for Struggling With Climate Change

2022 ◽  
pp. 653-674
Author(s):  
Filiz Konuk
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Climate Change Risks ◽  
Carbon Finance

The developments in science and technology have brought a lot of problems with them. The most important of these is climate change, which appears at the global level. The effect of climate change, which comes first as an environmental problem, cannot be ignored. Management, which has had serious income and economic losses because of weather conditions, has taken several precautions in order to reduce climate change risks. One of these is weather derivations. Weather derivations are a safety type that makes the determined payments if there are defined weather events. However, the most commonly used are weather option agreements, weather swap agreements, and weather future agreements. In the chapter, climate change and the weather derivations that are a means that managements use to avoid climate change risks will be explained.

The Use of Carbon Finance for Struggling With Climate Change

2019 ◽  
pp. 321-347
Author(s):  
Filiz Konuk
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Climate Change Risks ◽  
Carbon Finance

The developments in science and technology have brought a lot of problems with them. The most important of these is climate change, which appears at the global level. The effect of climate change, which comes first as an environmental problem, cannot be ignored. Management, which has had serious income and economic losses because of weather conditions, has taken several precautions in order to reduce climate change risks. One of these is weather derivations. Weather derivations are a safety type that makes the determined payments if there are defined weather events. However, the most commonly used are weather option agreements, weather swap agreements, and weather future agreements. In the chapter, climate change and the weather derivations that are a means that managements use to avoid climate change risks will be explained.

scholarly journals Weather Literacy in Times of Climate Change

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine Fleischhut ◽  
Stefan M. Herzog ◽  
Ralph Hertwig
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
The Public ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
The Future ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Weather Risks

AbstractAs climate change unfolds, extreme weather events are on the rise worldwide. According to experts, extreme weather risks already outrank those of terrorism and migration in likelihood and impact. But how well does the public understand weather risks and forecast uncertainty and thus grasp the amplified weather risks that climate change poses for the future? In a nationally representative survey (N = 1004; Germany), we tested the public’s weather literacy and awareness of climate change using 62 factual questions. Many respondents misjudged important weather risks (e.g., they were unaware that UV radiation can be higher under patchy cloud cover than on a cloudless day) and struggled to connect weather conditions to their impacts (e.g., they overestimated the distance to a thunderstorm). Most misinterpreted a probabilistic forecast deterministically, yet they strongly underestimated the uncertainty of deterministic forecasts. Respondents with higher weather literacy obtained weather information more often and spent more time outside but were not more educated. Those better informed about climate change were only slightly more weather literate. Overall, the public does not seem well equipped to anticipate weather risks in the here and now and may thus also fail to fully grasp what climate change implies for the future. These deficits in weather literacy highlight the need for impact forecasts that translate what the weather may be into what the weather may do and for transparent communication of uncertainty to the public. Boosting weather literacy may help to improve the public’s understanding of weather and climate change risks, thereby fostering informed decisions and mitigation support.

scholarly journals Stories of Loss and Healing: Connecting Non-Economic Losses and Damages with Gendered Wellbeing Erosion in the Asia-Pacific Region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Ayeb-Karlsson ◽  
Alvin Chandra ◽  
Karen E. McNamara
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Loss And Damage

Abstract It is well-known that the climatic impacts affect women and men differently. However, more empirical evidence illustrating how, where, when and who are needed to help address gendered vulnerability. Specifically, research investigating the connections between mental health, wellbeing, and climate change can foster responses to avert, minimise and address loss and damage impacts on vulnerable populations. Few studies explore climate-induced mental health impacts, although this is a crucial area for the conceptual framing of non-economic loss and damage. Declining mental health and wellbeing is at the core of non-economic losses taking place all over the world. The existing literature body recognises the disproportionate environmental impacts on women, this study explores non-economic loss related to mental health and wellbeing for women in the Global South. The article uses empirical storytelling and narratives gathered through field work conducted in Bangladesh, Fiji and Vanuatu. The research findings described how climate change risks and extreme weather events negatively impacts women’s mental health and wellbeing, while providing proactive recommendations to address the gendered mental health consequences of climate change.

The Assessment of the Refurbished Reinforced Concrete Buildings in Point of the Climate Change

2014 ◽  
Vol 899 ◽  
pp. 440-445
Author(s):  
Sára Hrabovszky-Horváth
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Weather Events

Changes in climate have various impacts on the built environment: e.g. the building design and the materials together with the operation and the maintenance. Therefore, it is extremely important to account for the future weather conditions during both the design of new buildings and the renovation of existing buildings. According to the Hungarian meteorological researches as a consequence of the global warming the climate of Hungary is going to become warmer and drier as well as the number and the intensity of the extreme weather events is expected to grow. One of the main directions of actions in the Climate Change Strategy is the adaptation to the changing circumstances, the improvement of the adaptive capacity of the built environment. In this study, the prefabricated reinforced concrete large-panel residential buildings are analysed: a bottom-up methodology was developed based on typological approach to assess the vulnerability of the ‘panel buildings’ to climate change by analysing the extreme weather events. After assessing the sensitivity and the adaptive capacity of the determined building types, their vulnerability to the increased number of windstorms and extreme rainfalls was estimated and the influence of their refurbishment was analysed.

scholarly journals A probabilistic risk assessment for the vulnerability of the European carbon cycle to weather extremes: the ecosystem perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1813-1831 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Rolinski ◽  
A. Rammig ◽  
A. Walz ◽  
W. von Bloh ◽  
M. van Oijen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Probabilistic Risk Assessment ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Probabilistic Risk

Abstract. Extreme weather events are likely to occur more often under climate change and the resulting effects on ecosystems could lead to a further acceleration of climate change. But not all extreme weather events lead to extreme ecosystem response. Here, we focus on hazardous ecosystem behaviour and identify coinciding weather conditions. We use a simple probabilistic risk assessment based on time series of ecosystem behaviour and climate conditions. Given the risk assessment terminology, vulnerability and risk for the previously defined hazard are estimated on the basis of observed hazardous ecosystem behaviour. We apply this approach to extreme responses of terrestrial ecosystems to drought, defining the hazard as a negative net biome productivity over a 12-month period. We show an application for two selected sites using data for 1981–2010 and then apply the method to the pan-European scale for the same period, based on numerical modelling results (LPJmL for ecosystem behaviour; ERA-Interim data for climate). Our site-specific results demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method, using the SPEI to describe the climate condition. The site in Spain provides an example of vulnerability to drought because the expected value of the SPEI is 0.4 lower for hazardous than for non-hazardous ecosystem behaviour. In northern Germany, on the contrary, the site is not vulnerable to drought because the SPEI expectation values imply wetter conditions in the hazard case than in the non-hazard case. At the pan-European scale, ecosystem vulnerability to drought is calculated in the Mediterranean and temperate region, whereas Scandinavian ecosystems are vulnerable under conditions without water shortages. These first model-based applications indicate the conceptual advantages of the proposed method by focusing on the identification of critical weather conditions for which we observe hazardous ecosystem behaviour in the analysed data set. Application of the method to empirical time series and to future climate would be important next steps to test the approach.

Vector Borne Diseases and Climate Change

2019 ◽  
pp. 349-358
Author(s):  
Kholoud Kahime ◽  
Moulay Abdelmonaim El Hidan ◽  
Denis Sereno ◽  
Bounoua Lahouari ◽  
Ahmed Karmaoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Increasing Risk

The incidence of emergence diseases including vector borne diseases, water diseases, and some physiologic impairment is considered sensitive to climate. Malaria, leishmaniasis, dengue, and viral encephalitis are among those diseases most influenced by climate. Variation in the incidence of vector borne diseases is associated with extreme weather events and annual changes in weather conditions. Africa in general and Morocco in particular are designated as an area of significant impact by numerous the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports and notably susceptible to such drastic climate-related health consequences. Climatic parameter change would directly affect disease transmission by acting on the vector's geographic range, activity, or reproduction and by reduction the period of pathogen incubation. This chapter will discuss the increasing risk of some vector-borne diseases in hazard-prone localities. It further identifies the severe challenges both of health adaptation to climate change by highlighting Moroccan adaptive capacity to such crises.

Personal Experience, Extreme Weather Events, and Perceptions of Climate Change

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher P. Borick ◽  
Barry G. Rabe
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Weather Events

The factors that determine individual perceptions of climate change have been a focus of social science research for many years. An array of studies have found that individual-level characteristics, such as partisan affiliation, ideological beliefs, educational attainment, and race, affect one’s views on the existence of global warming, as well as the levels of concern regarding this matter. But in addition to the individual-level attributes that have been shown to affect perceptions of climate change, a growing body of literature has found that individual experiences with weather can shape a variety of views and beliefs that individuals maintain regarding climate change. These studies indicate that direct experiences with extreme weather events and abnormal seasonal temperature and precipitation levels can affect the likelihood that an individual will perceive global warming to be occurring, and in some cases their policy preferences for addressing the problem. The emerging literature on this relationship indicates that individuals are more likely to express skepticism regarding the existence of global warming when experiencing below average temperatures or above average snowfall in the period preceding an interview on their views. Conversely, higher temperatures and various extreme weather events can elevate acceptance of global warming’s existence. A number of studies also find that individuals are more likely to report weather conditions such as drought and extreme heat affected their acceptance of global warming when such conditions were occurring in their region. For example, the severe drought that has encompassed much of the western United States between 2005 and 2016 has increasingly been cited by residents of the region as the primary reason for their belief that climate change is occurring. What remains unclear at this point is whether the weather conditions are actually changing opinions regarding climate change or if the preexisting opinions are causing individuals to see the weather events in a manner consistent with those opinions. Notably, the relationship between weather experiences and beliefs regarding climate change appear to be multidirectional in nature. Numerous studies have found that not only do weather experiences shape the views of individuals regarding global warming, but also individuals’ views on the existence of global warming can affect their perceptions of the weather that they have experienced. In particular, recent research has shown that individuals who are skeptical about the existence of global warming are less likely to report the weather recorded in their area accurately than individuals who believe global warming is happening.

scholarly journals Determining Canadian water utility preparedness for the impacts of climate change

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meagan Brettle ◽  
Peter Berry ◽  
Jaclyn Paterson ◽  
Gordon Yasvinski
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Water Utilities ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Water Utility ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Vulnerability Assessments ◽  
Climate Change Risks ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

AbstractGeneral warming and extreme weather events associated with climate change are expected to negatively impact water utilities. Water utilities will need to adapt to continue providing safe drinking water and wastewater services. In 2012, the Canadian Water and Wastewater Association (CWWA) conducted a survey of 53 water utility officials to understand the expert perceptions of climate change risks and preparedness of Canadian utilities for current and future impacts. Results indicated that there is low awareness among water utility officials (30%) of thepossible impacts of climate change on water utilities, and more than half have not conducted climate change vulnerability assessments (65%) and do not have operational plans to address climate change impacts (56%). Officials from smaller utilities, which are considered to be more vulnerable to impacts, were of those less aware of these risks and reported taking fewer preparedness activities. Efforts to prepare water utilities for climate change impacts in Canada would benefit from education of utility officials about possible climate change risks, encouraging assessments of vulnerabilities, and increased training with new adaptation tools and resources.

scholarly journals Climate changes: Economic impact and implication

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-71
Author(s):  
Vesna Martin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Climate Change Risk ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Climate Change Risks ◽  
Liability Risk ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Monetary And Fiscal Policy

Climate changes nowadays present a topic of huge importance taking into account its influence on conducting monetary and fiscal policy, achieving and improving financial stability, but also it is a concern for regulators and supervisors. In order to have an appropriate reaction, it is necessary to identify risk from climate changes in a timely manner. Three categories of climate-related risks can be identified: 1) physical risks which are associated with more frequent severe weather events and permanent changes in the environment, 2) transition risks that represent the policies and technological changes needed to achieve a greener economy and 3) liability risk which represents the impacts that could arise tomorrow if parties who have suffered loss or damage from the effects of climate change seek compensation from those they hold responsible. As a way to achieve satisfactory results in the fight against climate change risks, the financial institutions developed climate change risk management approaches, which include a variety of methods and instruments. The aim of this paper is the presentation of impact and implication regarding climate change regulations, identification of the risks and its management approaches, as well as economic cost and proposals for future action.

scholarly journals Impact of climate changes on food safety related issues in the case of Romania

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 01010
Author(s):  
Mihaela Cristina Drăgoi ◽  
Irina Gabriela Rădulescu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Health Related

Climate change and economic development have both an increasing impact on human health and on the quality of life. The reverse assumption is also true, since, for improving economic and social development and well-being, the human activity is affecting the environment. This paper presents some of the alarm signals of various international institutions and entities regarding several challenges the current modern society is facing: climate change, disruptive weather events, food safety implications, health related issues, economic losses. Based on previous studies which demonstrated a direct connection between climate changes and weather conditions and the outbreak of infectious diseases and threats for the food safety chain, the main research objective is to determine whether this hypothesis is also valid in the case of Romania. Thus, the conducted analysis takes into consideration variations of temperature and precipitation in relation to new cases of food-borne diseases in order to determine if this connection is statistically significant as it was in other regions of Europe and of the world previously examined by scholars.

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