Climate Change, Scorpion Ecology, and Envenomation

2022 ◽  
pp. 975-989
Author(s):  
Moulay Abdelmonaim El Hidan ◽  
Kholoud Kahime ◽  
Mehdi Ait Laaradia ◽  
Btissam Bouimeja ◽  
Fadoua Aabadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Scorpion Envenomation ◽  
Weather And Climate ◽  
Scorpion Stings ◽  
Thermophilic Organisms ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Variable Weather

Every year, more than 1 million cases of scorpion envenomation are reported worldwide. Scorpions are thermophilic organisms. They are sensitive to weather and climate conditions, in such a way the ongoing trends of increasing temperature and more variable weather could lead to scorpionism spreading. There has been considerable debate as to whether global envenomation will be impacted by climate change which has focused on snake and spider envenomation risk. This debate didn't give enough interest to scorpion stings and its burden risks, in spite their widespread potential effects in many regions. Here, the authors review how climate and climate change may impact scorpion activity as well as scorpion envenomation. They contrast ecological and behavioral characteristics of these arthropods, and how weather, climate, climate change, and socioeconomic factors may have very different impacts on the spatiotemporal occurrence and abundance of scorpions, and the resulting scorpion envenomation.

Climate Change, Scorpion Ecology, and Envenomation

2019 ◽  
pp. 460-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moulay Abdelmonaim El Hidan ◽  
Kholoud Kahime ◽  
Mehdi Ait Laaradia ◽  
Btissam Bouimeja ◽  
Fadoua Aabadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Scorpion Envenomation ◽  
Weather And Climate ◽  
Scorpion Stings ◽  
Thermophilic Organisms ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Variable Weather

Every year, more than 1 million cases of scorpion envenomation are reported worldwide. Scorpions are thermophilic organisms. They are sensitive to weather and climate conditions, in such a way the ongoing trends of increasing temperature and more variable weather could lead to scorpionism spreading. There has been considerable debate as to whether global envenomation will be impacted by climate change which has focused on snake and spider envenomation risk. This debate didn't give enough interest to scorpion stings and its burden risks, in spite their widespread potential effects in many regions. Here, the authors review how climate and climate change may impact scorpion activity as well as scorpion envenomation. They contrast ecological and behavioral characteristics of these arthropods, and how weather, climate, climate change, and socioeconomic factors may have very different impacts on the spatiotemporal occurrence and abundance of scorpions, and the resulting scorpion envenomation.

scholarly journals Climate Change and Transport Infrastructures: State of the Art

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Moretti ◽  
Giuseppe Loprencipe
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Weather And Climate ◽  
The World

Transport infrastructures are lifelines: They provide transportation of people and goods, in ordinary and emergency conditions, thus they should be resilient to increasing natural disasters and hazards. This work presents several technologies adopted around the world to adapt and defend transport infrastructures against effects of climate change. Three main climate change challenges have been examined: Air temperatures variability and extremization, water bombs, and sea level rise. For each type of the examined phenomena the paper presents engineered, and architectural solutions adopted to prevent disasters and protect citizens. In all cases, the countermeasures require deeper prediction of weather and climate conditions during the service life of the infrastructure. The experience gained supports the fact that strategies adopted or designed to contrast the effects of climate change on transport infrastructures pursue three main goals: To prevent the damages, protect the structures, and monitor and communicate to users the current conditions. Indeed, the analyses show that the ongoing climate change will increase its impact on transport infrastructures, exposing people to unacceptable risks. Therefore, prevention and protection measures shall be adopted more frequently in the interest of collective safety.

The role of irrigation on potato yields in Northern Germany under climate change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Egerer ◽  
Andrea Fajardo ◽  
Michael Peichl ◽  
Oldrich Rakovec ◽  
Luis Samaniego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Hydrologic Model ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Statistical Regression ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Adaptation Measure ◽  
Weather And Climate

<p>The agricultural sector is particularly vulnerable to changing weather and climate conditions. Climate projections for Germany until the end of this century demonstrate higher temperatures and a substantial net water deficit during the summer months when agriculture is in high demand for water. Additionally, the frequency and length of dry periods increase as a consequence of climate change. Irrigation was introduced in the 1960s in Northeast Lower Saxony (Germany) to become more resilient to changing weather and climate conditions and prevent yield losses. The region involves today the largest irrigated area in Germany. However, during the drought in 2018 water extractions for irrigation by far exceeded the institutional limit. Water using conflicts are likely to strengthen in the future as the irrigation demand will increase. In this study, we explore the importance of irrigation as a climate change adaptation measure in the region. First, we employ a statistical regression model to investigate whether regional climate, hydrological, and irrigation data on a monthly and county level scale are adequate to describe potato yield changes between 1978 and 2018. Soil moisture information originates from the mesoscale hydrologic model (mHM). Irrigation is estimated based on the climatic water balance and crop water demand. These estimations are scaled with irrigation data from local authorities to account for realistic monthly water withdrawals. Second, we use the process-based crop model EPIC to estimate potato crop yields and to validate the performance of the statistical approach. We analyze future yield changes based on climate model projections for the 21st century using the two approaches. We investigate different irrigation scenarios as a potential climate change adaptation measure. By comparing the statistical and process-based approaches we explore whether a rather simplistic statistical approach captures the main processes of the climate change impact on yields.</p>

Biology, Epidemiology, and Public Health Significance of Malaria Disease Linked to Climate Changes

2022 ◽  
pp. 1787-1804
Author(s):  
Moulay Abdelmonaim El Hidan ◽  
Kholoud Kahime ◽  
Aimrane Abdelmohcine ◽  
Abdellatif Abbaoui ◽  
Mohamed Echchakery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Malaria Transmission ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Malaria Vectors ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Health Significance ◽  
Increasing Temperature

Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by obligate intraerythrocytic protozoa of the genus Plasmodium. As one of the most devastating global health issues, malaria is a sensitive disease to weather and climate conditions, in such a way the ongoing trends of increasing temperature and more variable weather could lead to malaria transmission spreading. Spatial and temporal variations in precipitation, temperature, and humidity that are projected to take place under different climate change scenarios will impact the biology and ecology of malaria vectors and subsequently the risk of disease transmission. Here, the authors review how climate and climate change may impact malaria transmission. They contrast ecological and behavioral characteristics of malaria vectors and parasites and how weather, climate, climate change, and socioeconomic factors may have very different impacts on their spatiotemporal occurrence and abundance and the resulting malaria risk.

Biology, Epidemiology, and Public Health Significance of Malaria Disease Linked to Climate Changes

2019 ◽  
pp. 389-406
Author(s):  
Moulay Abdelmonaim El Hidan ◽  
Kholoud Kahime ◽  
Aimrane Abdelmohcine ◽  
Abdellatif Abbaoui ◽  
Mohamed Echchakery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Malaria Transmission ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Malaria Vectors ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Health Significance ◽  
Increasing Temperature

Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by obligate intraerythrocytic protozoa of the genus Plasmodium. As one of the most devastating global health issues, malaria is a sensitive disease to weather and climate conditions, in such a way the ongoing trends of increasing temperature and more variable weather could lead to malaria transmission spreading. Spatial and temporal variations in precipitation, temperature, and humidity that are projected to take place under different climate change scenarios will impact the biology and ecology of malaria vectors and subsequently the risk of disease transmission. Here, the authors review how climate and climate change may impact malaria transmission. They contrast ecological and behavioral characteristics of malaria vectors and parasites and how weather, climate, climate change, and socioeconomic factors may have very different impacts on their spatiotemporal occurrence and abundance and the resulting malaria risk.

scholarly journals Disentangling the Legacies of Climate and Management on Tree Growth

Ecosystems ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Marqués ◽  
Drew M. P. Peltier ◽  
J. Julio Camarero ◽  
Miguel A. Zavala ◽  
Jaime Madrigal-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Ring Formation ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Past Climate ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Ecological Memory ◽  
Historical Forest

AbstractLegacies of past climate conditions and historical management govern forest productivity and tree growth. Understanding how these processes interact and the timescales over which they influence tree growth is critical to assess forest vulnerability to climate change. Yet, few studies address this issue, likely because integrated long-term records of both growth and forest management are uncommon. We applied the stochastic antecedent modelling (SAM) framework to annual tree-ring widths from mixed forests to recover the ecological memory of tree growth. We quantified the effects of antecedent temperature and precipitation up to 4 years preceding the year of ring formation and integrated management effects with records of harvesting intensity from historical forest management archives. The SAM approach uncovered important time periods most influential to growth, typically the warmer and drier months or seasons, but variation among species and sites emerged. Silver fir responded primarily to past climate conditions (25–50 months prior to the year of ring formation), while European beech and Scots pine responded mostly to climate conditions during the year of ring formation and the previous year, although these responses varied among sites. Past management and climate interacted in such a way that harvesting promoted growth in young silver fir under wet and warm conditions and in old European beech under drier and cooler conditions. Our study shows that the ecological memory associated with climate legacies and historical forest management is species-specific and context-dependent, suggesting that both aspects are needed to properly evaluate forest functioning under climate change.

scholarly journals Synergistic impacts of global warming and thermohaline circulation collapse on amphibians

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julián A. Velasco ◽  
Francisco Estrada ◽  
Oscar Calderón-Bustamante ◽  
Didier Swingedouw ◽  
Carolina Ureta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Thermohaline Circulation ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Meridional Overturning Circulation ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Amphibian Species ◽  
Climate Conditions

AbstractImpacts on ecosystems and biodiversity are a prominent area of research in climate change. However, little is known about the effects of abrupt climate change and climate catastrophes on them. The probability of occurrence of such events is largely unknown but the associated risks could be large enough to influence global climate policy. Amphibians are indicators of ecosystems’ health and particularly sensitive to novel climate conditions. Using state-of-the-art climate model simulations, we present a global assessment of the effects of unabated global warming and a collapse of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) on the distribution of 2509 amphibian species across six biogeographical realms and extinction risk categories. Global warming impacts are severe and strongly enhanced by additional and substantial AMOC weakening, showing tipping point behavior for many amphibian species. Further declines in climatically suitable areas are projected across multiple clades, and biogeographical regions. Species loss in regional assemblages is extensive across regions, with Neotropical, Nearctic and Palearctic regions being most affected. Results underline the need to expand existing knowledge about the consequences of climate catastrophes on human and natural systems to properly assess the risks of unabated warming and the benefits of active mitigation strategies.

scholarly journals The Water Needs of Grapevines in Central Poland

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 416
Author(s):  
Barbara Jagosz ◽  
Stanisław Rolbiecki ◽  
Roman Rolbiecki ◽  
Ariel Łangowski ◽  
Hicran A. Sadan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Time Trend ◽  
Reference Evapotranspiration ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Central Poland ◽  
Crop Coefficients ◽  
Near Future

Climate warming increases the water needs of plants. The aim of this study was to estimate the water needs of grapevines in central Poland. Water needs were calculated using the crop coefficients method. Reference evapotranspiration was assessed by the Blaney–Criddle’s equation, modified for climate conditions in Poland. Crop coefficients were assumed according to the Doorenbos and Pruitt method. Water needs were calculated using the data from four meteorological stations. Rainfall deficit with the probability occurrence of normal years, medium dry years, and very dry years was determined by the Ostromęcki’s method. Water needs of grapevines during the average growing season were estimated at 438 mm. Upward time trend in the water needs both in the period of May–October and June–August was estimated. Temporal variability in the water needs was significant for all of the provinces. These changes were mainly impacted by a significant increasing tendency in mean air temperature and less by precipitation totals that did not show a clear changing tendency. Due to climate change, vineyards will require irrigation in the near future. The use of resource-efficient irrigation requires a precise estimate of the grapevines’ water needs. The study identified the water requirements for grapevines in central Poland.

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