Waste Management Technology for Sustainable Agriculture

2020 ◽  
pp. 156-176
Author(s):  
Muzaffar Ahmad Bhat ◽  
A. Wani Adil ◽  
Bhat Mohammad Sikander ◽  
Yaqoob Lone ◽  
Junaid Ahmad. Malik
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
New Products ◽  
Mining Waste ◽  
Nuclear Wastes ◽  
Plasma Gasification ◽  
Management Technology ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Recycling Of Wastes

The process of collection, transport, disposal, recycling, and monitoring of wastes is called waste management. The waste management is undertaken to recycle the wastes so as to reduce the ill effects of wastes on environment, health, and aesthetics. There are several kinds of wastes produced such as agricultural wastes, municipal wastes, industrial waste, mining waste. Some wastes are more hazardous such as medical wastes and nuclear wastes. Various techniques are used for the management of wastes which includes landfilling, incineration, anaerobic digestion, pyrolysis, plasma gasification, recycling, composting. Anaerobic digestion produces biofuel in the form of biogas. Plasma gasification results in the generation of electricity from wastes. Recycling of wastes involves the collection, sorting, and reprocessing of wastes into new products. Vermicomposting is the preferred form of composting as it results in the formation of vermicompost called black gold due to the presence of rich nutrients and growth promoting factors in it.

scholarly journals Industrial Waste Management by Sustainable Way

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 111-114
Author(s):  
Md. Rasel ◽  
Israt Zerin ◽  
Sakib Hossain Bhuiyan ◽  
Kazi Md Hasanul Hoque ◽  
Mazadul Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Cotton Waste ◽  
Industrial Waste Management ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
The Right

Nowadays Industrial waste management is the key concern over the world. Biogas generation and bio-compost from knitting, cutting, spinning waste is one of the right and sustainable way of waste management. Wastage is generated almost all process in spinning, knitting and cutting in the industry. Cotton contains huge amount of dust, foreign-matters, seed and other particles. Micro dust of cotton waste has no salability and pollutes the atmosphere. Mostly, it is disposed of by burning as a result increase the CO2 level in the atmosphere which is the threat for environment as pollutes the surrounding areas. The main objective of this project is sustainable use of cotton waste by producing biogas and utilization of Slurry after Biogas Generation. Biogas generation by anaerobic digestion is sustainable, cost effective and eco-friendly method in Bangladesh. Finally, our concern is to maximum utilization all collected cotton wastes in a sustainable way i.e. anaerobic digestion way. Our experiments on wastes where those wastes produced bio-gas such as spinning cotton micro dust: 1st of all for production of gas to observe; after 30-40 days of feeding 180cc biogas was generated from 100g cotton spinning dust via lab scale biogas plant & gas also confirmed via flammability test. On the other hand smaller size of cotton cutting jhut fabric show comparatively low gas production and found that gas production depend on decomposition rate of cotton waste. Slurry treatment applied in a plant after generation of biogas and output of this application showing that  many new leafs were grown and looking more refresh within 12-14 days. So, unusable spinning cotton waste can be resources for our economy and environment instead of hazards or waste. We have recommended that yarn singeing machine can be run by produced biogas.

scholarly journals Process Design for Biohydrogen Production from Waste Materials and Its Application

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. p47
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yousuf Jat Baloch ◽  
Shakeel Ahmed Talpur ◽  
Javed Iqbal ◽  
Mamoona Munir ◽  
Purnima Baidya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Biodegradable Material ◽  
Transportation Fuels ◽  
Management Technology

Biohydrogen is regarded as an attractive future clean energy carrier due to its high energy content and environmentally friendly conversion. Biohydrogen reactor is widely used in studies concerning the anaerobic co-digestion of food waste, sewage sludge, wastewater and other organic solids. Anaerobic digestion is a series of biological processes in which microorganisms break down biodegradable material (biomass or waste feedstock) in the absence of oxygen to produce biogas, which may generate electricity and heat, or can be processed into renewable natural gas and transportation fuels. This review article explains the scientific processes of anaerobic digestion process such as hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis and hydrogenesis as well as methods to produce biohydrogen gas such as fermentation and biophotolysis for the waste management technology and sources of renewable energy and concludes with solutions that may allow anaerobic digestion to become more widely adopted throughout the developing countries to control the waste management system.

IGNORANCE AND HYPOCRISY IN HOUSEHOLD AND INDUSTRIAL WASTE MANAGEMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Adina Bud ◽  
◽  
Ioan Bud ◽  
Dorel Guşat ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Mining Waste ◽  
Vicious Cycle ◽  
Industrial Waste Management ◽  
Current Context ◽  
Very High

Waste management in Romania has become a problem with a very high environmental impact, especially in Maramureş County where it has overlapped with the pollution of mining waste. The article highlights the current context in which the population does not accept the construction of landfills, the authorities are not able to provide proof of competence, reaching a vicious cycle in which everyone loses. In this context, we consider that the substratum of the problem is the ignorance that manifests itself in the form of hypocrisy, most of those involved are "ecological", but in reality the environmental impact of irresponsible waste management is very serious.

Biogas Production Using Anaerobic Digestion of Industrial Waste

2016 ◽  
Vol 832 ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Ján Gaduš ◽  
Tomáš Giertl ◽  
Viera Kažimírová
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Parallel Operation ◽  
Paper Production ◽  
Biochemical Conversion ◽  
Mixed Biomass ◽  
Economic Balance

In the paper experiments and theory of biogas production using industrial waste from paper production as a co-substrate are described. The main aim of the experiments was to evaluate the sensitivity and applicability of the biochemical conversion using the anaerobic digestion of the mixed biomass in the pilot fermentor (5 m3), where the mesophillic temperature was maintained. It was in parallel operation with a large scale fermentor (100 m3). The research was carried out at the biogas plant in Kolíňany, which is a demonstration facility of the Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra. The experiments proved that the waste arising from the paper production can be used in case of its appropriate dosing as an input substrate for biogas production, and thus it can improve the economic balance of the biogas plant.

scholarly journals Bioplastic films with unusually good oxygen barrier properties based on potato fruit-juice

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 12543-12548
Author(s):  
Simi Poulose ◽  
Ilari Jönkkäri ◽  
Mikael S. Hedenqvist ◽  
Jurkka Kuusipalo
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Oxygen Barrier ◽  
Industrial Waste Management ◽  
Starch Industry

Valorization of potato fruit juice, a potato starch industry by-product, by developing biopolymer films that could replace petroleum based alternatives in packaging, providing a greener and sustainable solution to industrial waste management.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Food Waste Management and Its Environmental Consequences

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1790
Author(s):  
Jan den Boer ◽  
Gudrun Obersteiner ◽  
Sebastian Gollnow ◽  
Emilia den Boer ◽  
Renata Bodnárné Sándor
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Biological Pretreatment ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Kitchen Waste ◽  
Considerable Saving ◽  
Positive Effects

This paper assesses the potential environmental effects of the optimization of the kitchen waste management in Opole. The separate collection of kitchen waste is improved by distribution of separate collection kits consisting of an in-home bin and 10 L biodegradable bags. The surplus of collected kitchen waste is diverted from treatment in a mechanical-biological pretreatment (MBP) along with the residual waste to anaerobic digestion (AD) with the biowaste. This has positive effects on European and Polish goals, ambitions, and targets, such as (i) increasing the level of renewables in the primary energy supply, (ii) decreasing the level of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, (iii) increasing the level of preparation for reuse and recycling of municipal waste. The environmental effects of 1 ton additionally separately collected and treated kitchen waste are determined by using life cycle assessment. It was shown that in all selected impact categories (global warming potential, marine eutrophication potential, acidification potential, and ozone depletion potential) a clear environmental benefit can be achieved. These benefits are mainly caused by the avoided emissions of electricity and heat from the Polish production mix, which are substituted by energy generation from biogas combustion. Optimization of the waste management system by diversion of kitchen waste from mechanical-biological pretreatment to anaerobic digestion can lead to considerable saving of 448 kg CO2-eq/t of waste diverted. With an estimated optimization potential for the demonstration site of 40 kg/inh·year for the city of Opole, this would lead to 680,000 t CO2-eq savings per year for the whole of Poland. The sensitivity analysis showed that with a choice for cleaner energy sources the results would, albeit lower, show a significant savings potential.

scholarly journals Life Cycle Assessment of Bioplastics and Food Waste Disposal Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6894
Author(s):  
Shakira R. Hobbs ◽  
Tyler M. Harris ◽  
William J. Barr ◽  
Amy E. Landis
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Anaerobic Digester ◽  
Management Scenarios ◽  
Cumulative Energy ◽  
Cumulative Energy Demand

The environmental impacts of five waste management scenarios for polylactic acid (PLA)-based bioplastics and food waste were quantified using life cycle assessment. Laboratory experiments have demonstrated the potential for a pretreatment process to accelerate the degradation of bioplastics and were modeled in two of the five scenarios assessed. The five scenarios analyzed in this study were: (1a) Anaerobic digestion (1b) Anaerobic digestion with pretreatment; (2a) Compost; (2a) Compost with pretreatment; (3) Landfill. Results suggested that food waste and pretreated bioplastics disposed of with an anaerobic digester offers life cycle and environmental net total benefits (environmental advantages/offsets) in several areas: ecotoxicity (−81.38 CTUe), eutrophication (0 kg N eq), cumulative energy demand (−1.79 MJ), global warming potential (0.19 kg CO2), and human health non-carcinogenic (−2.52 CTuh). Normalized results across all impact categories show that anaerobically digesting food waste and bioplastics offer the most offsets for ecotoxicity, eutrophication, cumulative energy demand and non-carcinogenic. Implications from this study can lead to nutrient and energy recovery from an anaerobic digester that can diversify the types of fertilizers and decrease landfill waste while decreasing dependency on non-renewable technologies. Thus, using anaerobic digestion to manage bioplastics and food waste should be further explored as a viable and sustainable solution for waste management.

Anaerobic digestion of orange peel in a semi-continuous pilot plant: An environmentally sound way of citrus waste management in agro-ecosystems

2018 ◽  
Vol 630 ◽  
pp. 401-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demetrio A. Zema ◽  
Adele Fòlino ◽  
Giovanni Zappia ◽  
Paolo S. Calabrò ◽  
Vincenzo Tamburino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Environmentally Sound ◽  
Citrus Waste
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