Development of Solar-Powered Microcontroller-Relay-Based Control System Omnidirectional Wheelchair

2021 ◽  
pp. 181-191
Author(s):  
Patrick Uche Okafor ◽  
Ndidi Stella Arinze ◽  
Osondu Ignatius Onah ◽  
Ebenezer Nnajiofo Ogbodo
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Reference Signal ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Solar Module ◽  
Dc Motors ◽  
Solar Powered ◽  
Physically Challenged ◽  
Test Result

A solar-powered omnidirectional wheelchair is implemented for physically challenged persons. The framework was mounted on the wheels that were connected with two direct current (DC) motors. The ratings of the battery and solar module were determined using system voltage (12V). A 7,805-voltage regulator was used to supply 5VDC to the AT89352 microcontroller. The microcontroller was programmed to provide a reference signal to the motor. The motor provides the needed torque to drive the wheels through interconnected relays. The relays are energized by the microcontroller and omnidirectional movement achieved through relays connected with microprocessor and micro switches, eliminating the need for joysticks and complex control mechanisms. System performance test result showed that the auxiliary solar power supply of the wheelchair increased the travel range by approximately 86% compared with that of a wheelchair powered by battery alone.

Justification for Unscheduled Maintenance of Solar Panels Used as a Power Supply for Sprinkler Machines

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Sergey M. Bakirov ◽  
Sergey S. Eliseev
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Power Loss ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Dust Storms ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Solar Module ◽  
Empirical Observation ◽  
Modern Level

The modern level of agriculture is described by the introduction of renewable energy sources. New generation sprinkler machines are being put into production, in the power system of which solar panels are used. One of the factors that negatively affect the performance of solar cells in an open field is their dusting, which is formed as a result of dust storms and wind. Cleaning of the battery panels is carried out in various ways: manual, semi-automatic and automatic. Dust cleaning is included in maintenance. (Research purpose) The research purpose is to determine the conditions for performing the maintenance, which consists in cleaning solar panels in the field. (Materials and methods) Theoretical (analysis, hypothesis design), empirical (observation, testing), experimental (ascertaining experiment) methods has been used during research. (Results and discussion) The article describes an introduced parameter for estimating the level of dusting. The power loss indicator shows the ratio of the power of the dusted module to the power of the clean module. Unscheduled maintenance is affected by the distance of the solar module from the repair point, the power of the solar module, the loss from dusting, the frequency of maintenance and cost indicators. (Conclusions) It has been found the dependence of maintenance period of the solar module of the sprinkler machine on the distance to the sprinkler machine, to the point of maintenance and repair, the power loss coefficient in case of dusting of the solar module, the cost of performing maintenance, as well as the frequency of maintenance. Article describes the boundaries of the choice of operating mode of the sprinkler between unscheduled maintenance for cleaning the solar module and the acceptance of additional power of the sprinkler power supply system according to the criterion of minimum operating costs.

scholarly journals Do Overweight People Have Worse Cognitive Flexibility? Cues-Triggered Food Craving May Have a Greater Impact

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
Shiqing Song ◽  
Qingqing Li ◽  
Yan Jiang ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
Aidi Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Flexibility ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Food Craving ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Reactive Control ◽  
Food Cravings ◽  
Overweight People

Background: Overweight people have been revealed to have poor cognitive flexibility. Cognitive flexibility reflects proactive and reactive control abilities. However, the impairment had not been explicitly positioned at the cognitive stage. Therefore, this study provides increased support for impairment of cognitive flexibility due to overweight. Method: The study included 34 overweight and 35 normal-weight participants. They were required to complete the food and flower target AX-continuous performance test (AX–CPT), including the resting-state fMRI and cue-triggered food craving subscales. We compared the performance difference between the two tasks. Furthermore, we investigated whether the cue-triggered food cravings and the corresponding brain regions mediated the effect of overweight on the two control mechanisms. Result: Significant differences were found only in the food target AX-CPT task, where overweight participants performed worse. Cue-triggered food cravings mediated this relationship. Additionally, we found that the brain regions associated with cue-triggered food cravings (bilateral SFG) can completely mediate the relationship between BMI and the z-value of the fat mass index and sensitivity to proactive control. Conclusion: In the food target task, overweight participants performed worse in both control mechanisms. Moreover, we also revealed the potential mechanism by which being overweight might affect the two control mechanisms through cue-triggered food cravings.

scholarly journals Design and Analysis of Trash Monitoring System Prototype Based On Internet of Things (IoT) Using MQTT Protocol

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Achmad Auliyaa Zulfikri ◽  
Doan Perdana ◽  
Gustommy Bisono
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Android Application ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
End To End Delay ◽  
System Prototype ◽  
Maximum Limit

On this research,Internet of Things (IoT) as an advanced technology is used to monitor the height of trash from a trash can in order to give notification whether the height of trash is already reach the maximum limit or not yet.To support those needs,we used NodeMCU as microcontroller,ultrasonic sensor,MQTT as IoT protocol,and also Android application to show the data.After we did the system performance test,we got the biggest result of end-to-end delay which is 2.06875 seconds when the packet delivery is set to 1000 ms with 3 active nodes and the smallest result which is 0.26055 seconds when the packet delivery is set to 100 ms with 1 active mode.The biggest result of throughput is 597.17 Bytes/s when the packet delivery is set to 100 ms with 1 active mode and the smallest result is 75.86 Bytes/s when the packet delivery is set to 1000 ms with 3 active nodes.The biggest result of availability and reliability is 99.905% when the packet delivery is set to 1000 ms and the smallest result is 99.833% when the packet delivery is set to 100 ms.

A Study of Contemporary System Performance Testing Framework

2018 ◽  
pp. 7563-7576
Author(s):  
Alex Ng ◽  
Shiping Chen
Keyword(s):  
System Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Testing Framework ◽  
The Core ◽  
Application Logic ◽  
The Common ◽  
Whole Life Cycle

Performance testing is one of the vital activities spanning the whole life cycle of software engineering. As a result, there are a considerable number of performance testing products and open source tools available. It has been observed that most of the existing performance testing products and tools are either too expensive and complicated for small projects, or too specific and simple for diverse performance tests. In this chapter, we will present an overview of existing performance test products/tools, provide a summary of some of the contemporary system performance testing frameworks, and capture the key requirements for a general-purpose performance testing framework. Based on our previous works, we propose a system performance testing framework which is suitable for both simple and small, as well as complicated and large-scale performance testing projects. The core of our framework contains an abstraction to facilitate performance testing by separating the application logic from the common performance testing functionality, and a set of general-purpose data model.

Design and Performance Analysis of Automatic Solar Tracking System

2015 ◽  
Vol 793 ◽  
pp. 353-357
Author(s):  
F.S. Abdullah ◽  
H.M. Nuhafiz ◽  
O. Mardianaliza ◽  
A. Yusof ◽  
Noor Anida
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Electronic Circuit ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Dc Motors ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
Solar Tracker ◽  
And Performance

Solar tracker is a device that detects the movement of the sun. Solar tracker receive maximum sun ray in order to produce the maximum power supply by the photovoltaic (PV) panels system. It also depends on the environment factor such as solar irradiation and temperature of the panels. This paper presents the development of the automatic solar tracking system, the construction of the sensor circuit, programming of the control system and also its performance analysis. This automatic solar tracking system is designed with an electronic circuit control using PIC that can trigger the dc motors when the LDR sensors detect sunlight. DC motor will move vertical and 360 ̊ horizontal to increase efficiency of sunlight to the solar panel. Solar panel for the project gets power supply from the battery. The battery will be charged using power from the solar panel.

FEASIBILITY STUDIES FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN A 25T HYBRID MAGNET

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (20n22) ◽  
pp. 3405-3405
Author(s):  
P. J. M. VAN BENTUM ◽  
J. C. MAAN ◽  
J. W. M. VAN OS ◽  
A. P. M. KENTGENS
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Reference Signal ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Feasibility Studies ◽  
Feedback System ◽  
Hybrid Magnet ◽  
Simultaneous Acquisition ◽  
Field Fluctuations ◽  
Main Components

As an exploratory study for NMR experiments in the future 20 MW Nijmegen high field magnet laboratory, the possibilities of field stabilization and field gradient compensation in a 25 T hybrid magnet in the present installation were evaluated. High frequency field fluctuations from the power supply can be compensated to better than 10-3 ppm in the 10 Hz-10 kHz range using a computer controlled feedback system. Field mapping by 2H magnetic resonance using a homebuilt device not only showed that there are substantial axial but also strong radial field gradients. It can be shown that for any cylindrical multicoil Bitter magnet the main components of these gradients can be compensated with simple ferromagnetic inserts. In this way we achieved a linewidth under 5 ppm in 1 mm3 without further shimming or optimization. The low frequency drift of the field due to instabilities of the present power supply and the effects of temperature fluctuations of the coil are determined by simultaneous acquisition of an in-situ deuterium reference signal together with the signal of interest. This allows for a full compensation of the field fluctuations by deconvolution techniques. We will report preliminary NMR results on solid27 Al samples in fields up to 25 T.

scholarly journals Development of width control system in hot strip mill. Performance test result on actual AWC edger.

1990 ◽  
Vol 56 (526) ◽  
pp. 1620-1625
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki HINO ◽  
Ryuichi OZONO ◽  
Hidehiko TSUKAMOTO ◽  
Kazuhiro TSUKUDA
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Hot Strip Mill ◽  
Hot Strip ◽  
Test Result

scholarly journals Zero Average Dynamic Controller for Speed Control of DC Motor

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5608
Author(s):  
Fredy E. Hoyos ◽  
John E. Candelo-Becerra ◽  
Alejandro Rincón
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Tracking Error ◽  
Reference Signal ◽  
Dc Motor ◽  
Buck Converter ◽  
Speed Tracking ◽  
Direct Current Motor ◽  
Simulation Results

This paper presents the use of the buck converter with Zero Average Dynamics to control the speed of a permanent magnet direct current motor. For this objective, we consider a fourth-order nonlinear model that describes the system’s dynamics and tests different scenarios to determine how the direct current motor responds. The results show a robust speed tracking performance of the direct current motor under the reference signal and controller parameter changes and disturbances in the load torque. A non-saturated duty cycle with fixed commutation frequency is obtained in the power supply of the DC motor, and a low steady-state value of the speed tracking error is achieved in both experimental and simulation results. In summary, the effectiveness of the Zero Average Dynamics control strategy for high order systems was experimentally proved.

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