Emotional and Rational Frames Contained in Institutional Speeches

2022 ◽  
pp. 257-278
Author(s):  
Dolors Palau-Sampio ◽  
Adolfo Carratalá
Keyword(s):  
Rational Approach ◽  
Political Leaders

This chapter analyses the institutional speeches of six European leaders (N=19) to identify the emotional and rational frames used when explaining the measures implemented to address the first wave of COVID-19. The results of the analysis show the importance of frames of different categories, and the trust and leadership shown by political leaders, who sought to give speeches that would provoke a feeling of security in citizens based on their capacity to lead. Emotionality, built on values such as protection, gratitude, social sacrifice, and citizen unity, is rounded off with a rational approach based on science and economics. With none of the leaders being populist, their personalities were heterogeneous, from Merkel's empathy to Conte's confidential tone, Johnson's instructive discourse, Macron's commitment to Europe, and Sánchez and Costa's pedagogical vocation.

The Role of VLBI in the Establishment of Coordinate Systems

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 293-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Zhongolovitch
Keyword(s):  
General Solution ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
Radio Telescopes ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Tectonic Plates ◽  
Astronomical Observations ◽  
Optical Instruments ◽  
Fundamental Polyhedron

Considering the future development and general solution of the problem under consideration and also the high precision attainable by astronomical observations, the following procedure may be the most rational approach:1. On the main tectonic plates of the Earth’s crust, powerful movable radio telescopes should be mounted at the same points where standard optical instruments are installed. There should be two stations separated by a distance of about 6 to 8000 kilometers on each plate. Thus, we obtain a fundamental polyhedron embracing the whole Earth with about 10 to 12 apexes, and with its sides represented by VLBI.

Ultrastructural analysis of “Sensory” surface nerve endings and “putative” neurotransmitter sites in Schistosoma mansoni Miracidia

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 962-963
Author(s):  
Betty Ruth Jones ◽  
Steve Chi-Tang Pan
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Snail Host ◽  
Complex Life Cycle ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Basic Biology

INTRODUCTION: Schistosomiasis has been described as “one of the most devastating diseases of mankind, second only to malaria in its deleterious effects on the social and economic development of populations in many warm areas of the world.” The disease is worldwide and is probably spreading faster and becoming more intense than the overall research efforts designed to provide the basis for countering it. Moreover, there are indications that the development of water resources and the demands for increasing cultivation and food in developing countries may prevent adequate control of the disease and thus the number of infections are increasing.Our knowledge of the basic biology of the parasites causing the disease is far from adequate. Such knowledge is essential if we are to develop a rational approach to the effective control of human schistosomiasis. The miracidium is the first infective stage in the complex life cycle of schistosomes. The future of the entire life cycle depends on the capacity and ability of this organism to locate and enter a suitable snail host for further development, Little is known about the nervous system of the miracidium of Schistosoma mansoni and of other trematodes. Studies indicate that miracidia contain a well developed and complex nervous system that may aid the larvae in locating and entering a susceptible snail host (Wilson, 1970; Brooker, 1972; Chernin, 1974; Pan, 1980; Mehlhorn, 1988; and Jones, 1987-1988).

11. A Rational Approach to Select Alternative Janitorial Cleaning Products

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Chen ◽  
D. Li ◽  
C. Karides ◽  
G. Agron ◽  
R. Jefferson
Keyword(s):  
Rational Approach ◽  
Cleaning Products

Surgical Technique: Papillary Muscle Sling for Functional Mitral Regurgitation during Minimally Invasive Valve Surgery

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. E295-E297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Lamelas ◽  
Christos Mihos ◽  
Orlando Santana
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Median Sternotomy ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
Functional Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Minimally Invasive Approach ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
Mitral Annuloplasty ◽  
Technical Details ◽  
Mitral Apparatus

In patients with functional mitral regurgitation, the placement of a sling encircling both papillary muscles in conjunction with mitral annuloplasty appears to be a rational approach for surgical correction, because it addresses both the mitral valve and the deformities of the subvalvular mitral apparatus. Reports in the literature that describe the utilization of this technique are few, and mainly involve a median sternotomy approach. The purpose of this communication is to describe the technical details of performing this procedure via a minimally invasive approach.

Democratic Legitimacy

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Rosanvallon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Democratic Legitimacy ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Constitutional Courts ◽  
International Debate ◽  
The Past ◽  
Democratic Authority ◽  
Original Contribution ◽  
Western Democracies

It's a commonplace occurrence that citizens in Western democracies are disaffected with their political leaders and traditional democratic institutions. But this book argues that this crisis of confidence is partly a crisis of understanding. The book makes the case that the sources of democratic legitimacy have shifted and multiplied over the past thirty years and that we need to comprehend and make better use of these new sources of legitimacy in order to strengthen our political self-belief and commitment to democracy. Drawing on examples from France and the United States, the book notes that there has been a major expansion of independent commissions, NGOs, regulatory authorities, and watchdogs in recent decades. At the same time, constitutional courts have become more willing and able to challenge legislatures. These institutional developments, which serve the democratic values of impartiality and reflexivity, have been accompanied by a new attentiveness to what the book calls the value of proximity, as governing structures have sought to find new spaces for minorities, the particular, and the local. To improve our democracies, we need to use these new sources of legitimacy more effectively and we need to incorporate them into our accounts of democratic government. This book is an original contribution to the vigorous international debate about democratic authority and legitimacy.

Making It Count

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arunabh Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Great Leap Forward ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Statistics ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Great Leap Forward

In 1949, at the end of a long period of wars, one of the biggest challenges facing leaders of the new People's Republic of China was how much they did not know. The government of one of the world's largest nations was committed to fundamentally reengineering its society and economy via socialist planning while having almost no reliable statistical data about their own country. This book is the history of efforts to resolve this “crisis in counting.” The book explores the choices made by political leaders, statisticians, academics, statistical workers, and even literary figures in attempts to know the nation through numbers. It shows that early reliance on Soviet-inspired methods of exhaustive enumeration became increasingly untenable in China by the mid-1950s. Unprecedented and unexpected exchanges with Indian statisticians followed, as the Chinese sought to learn about the then-exciting new technology of random sampling. These developments were overtaken by the tumult of the Great Leap Forward (1958–1961), when probabilistic and exhaustive methods were rejected and statistics was refashioned into an ethnographic enterprise. By acknowledging Soviet and Indian influences, the book not only revises existing models of Cold War science but also globalizes wider developments in the history of statistics and data. Anchored in debates about statistics and its relationship to state building, the book offers fresh perspectives on China's transition to socialism.

Analysis of Squalene and Its Transformation By-Products in Latent Fingermarks by Ultrahigh-Pressure Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Accurate Mass Orbitrap™ Mass Spectrometry

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buddhika Dorakumbura ◽  
Francesco Busetti ◽  
Simon Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Ultrahigh Pressure ◽  
Accurate Mass ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
By Products ◽  
Over Time ◽  
High Resolution Accurate Mass

<p>Transformation of squalene and its by-products in fingermarks over time under different storage conditions (light, dark and underwater) was examined through ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography high resolution accurate mass Orbitrap™ mass spectrometry. Complications of assessing fingermark compositional variation over time using multiple samples with varying initial compositions were elucidated and a more rational approach was successfully demonstrated. Squalene was detected in all fresh natural fingermarks and the amount ranged between 0.20 to 11.32 μg/5 fingertips. A notable difference in the transformation of squalene was observed with different storage conditions, where a dark aquatic environment accelerated degradation of squalene compared to dark but dry conditions. Squalene monohydroperoxide was extremely short-lived in natural deposits while the amount of squalene epoxide was still increasing relative to the initial amount, after ageing under dark and aquatic conditions for up to 7 days. Some oxidation by-products of cholesterol were also tentatively identified, which exhibited a growth over time against their initial concentration under any of the storage condition tested. These by-products, therefore, show potential as biomarkers for targeted visualisation of aged deposits.</p>

A rational approach to the choice of antiviral therapy for acute respiratory infections in children

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Olga L. Chugunova ◽  
◽  
Еlena V. Melekhina ◽  
Anna D. Muzyka ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Therapy ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections

В статье рассматриваются вопросы терапии острых респираторных заболеваний у детей на основании обсуждения современных особенностей этиологии, патогенеза, клинических проявлений. Изменение классической клинической картины течения острых респираторных инфекций в за-висимости от этиологии возбудителя, а также увеличивающаяся с каждым годом доля сочетанных инфекций диктует необходимость этиологиче-ской расшифровки случаев острых респираторных заболеваний у детей. Наиболее быстрым тестом (получение результата в течение нескольких часов), обладающим высокой чувствительностью и специфичностью, является обнаружение нуклеиновых кислот респираторных вирусов в мате-риале мазков из ротоглотки. Особенности взаимодействия герпесвирусов с клетками хозяина, длительное течение инфекционного процесса и изменение иммунологической реактивности вследствие этого определяют целесообразность назначения противовирусной терапии пациентам с клиническими проявлениями острых респираторных вирусных инфекций (ОРВИ) и активными формами герпесвирусных инфекций. На основании обследования более 1500 детей в возрасте от 1 года до 17 лет нами было показано, что до 90% инфицированы хотя бы одним герпесвирусом, наиболее часто встречающимся является вирус герпеса человека 6А/В. Указаны проблемные вопросы терапии ОРВИ, в том числе преобладание сочетанных инфекций, развитие вторичной иммунологической недостаточности и синдрома послевирусной астении. Результаты метаанализа, опубликованного в 2017 г., на основании 531 клинического исследования, продемонстрировали, что применение меглюмина акридонацетата в ка-честве профилактического и лечебного средства при острых респираторных заболеваниях, ОРВИ и гриппе у детей и взрослых более чем в 5 раз повышает шансы предотвратить развитие заболевания или перенести его в более легкой форме. Ключевые слова: ОРВИ, острые респираторные заболевания, герпесвирусные инфекции, меглюмина акридонацетат, дети. Для цитирования: Чугунова О.Л., Мелёхина Е.В., Музыка А.Д. Рациональный подход к выбору противовирусной терапии острых респираторных заболеваний у детей. Педиатрия. Consilium Medicum. 2020; 1: 52–57. DOI: 10.26442/26586630.2020.1.200082

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