Technology as Work and Work as Technology

Author(s):  
Mrinmoy Majumder

Information technology (IT) organizations are considered the flag bearers of the post-industrial society. Arguably, the IT organizations are engaging and generating new forms of work such as software development. The new forms of work do not culminate in a material or a physical product. Rather the new forms of work is processed through computers, headsets and phones. Hence, this article presents the analysis of new forms of work emerging out of IT organizations. It addresses the question about how, technology is producing a new definition of work. In doing so, the article addresses the concepts of human capital, cyber-workers and intrusion of open source learning, along with a detailed profiling of sales personnel (the new power agents of IT). Although, we come to think of technology as a mere tool, but unpacking the nature of work from an ontological perspective has made us to rethink our ideas about technology. It thus, give a complex perspective, as work and technology are entangled together with no clear-cut distinction, however this perspective generates concrete theoretical understandings while contributing to the contemporary industrial relations framework.

1970 ◽  
pp. 385-402
Author(s):  
Jitka Lorenzová

The article aims to illustrate how pedagogical authority has changed against the backdrop of the developments in our concept of the relationship between children and adults. It maps out selected concepts of authority in pedagogy (the platonic, democratic and patriarchal models), follows the transformations of the parent-child relationship in a psychohistorical context, and outlines the distinctions between authority and authoritarianism. Further arguments relate to the necessity of partnership in the model of pedagogical authority and demonstrate the shift from the disciplinary to the personalizing code of education, in conjunction with Bernstein's concept of invisible pedagogy. The text also deals with the contradictions and paradoxes that characterize contemporary childhood and complicate any clear-cut notion of pedagogical authority. The conclusion is that the current ambivalence surrounding pedagogical authority requires a renewal of the debate about educational ideals, especially the humanizing goal of education in post-industrial society.


2021 ◽  
Vol 277 ◽  
pp. 06003
Author(s):  
Тetyana Zhyzhko ◽  
Nataliia Krokhmal ◽  
Оlha Horpynych ◽  
Natalia Riezanova

From the very first day of his birth until his death, man is under the watchful eye of society. Economic or industrial relations form the basis of society and social life. But, according to most sociologists and philosophers of the XX-XXI centuries, for thousands of years there were other, not less important laws and relationships that impeccably «guide» human actions – these are moral values. Thus, economics, morality and politics are so closely intertwined in modern post-industrial society that it is simply impossible to separate them from each other. After all, today «man as a person» and «man as a citizen» define two main directions of progress of human existence: the direction of development of the «inner world» of man the formation of new moral and psychological principles of existence; the direction of development of the «external world» of man – the formation of new economic, political and socio-psychological principles of existence. But a person’s freedom of action in a post-industrial society does not absolve himself of responsibility to society. Responsibility itself keeps a person from uncontrolled intentions.


Author(s):  
Оксана Владимировна Дудина

Сегодня невозможно представить нашу жизнь без внедрения цифровых технологий в различные сферы жизнедеятельности человека. Современное общество стремительно входит в эпоху киберсоциализации, где меняется не только потребностно-мотивационная сфера человека, но и структура самосознания личности. Данная статья посвящена изучению вопроса цифровой социализации с опорой на принцип системности и учета многомерности данного процесса. В ходе сбора информации по структуре цифровой социализации не было найдено общего определения данного явления, однако в статье предпринимается попытка выделить структуру цифровой социализации в современном обществе, которая необходима для дальнейшего изучения процесса цифровизации как современного гражданского общества в целом, так и образовательного процесса в частности. Особенности постиндустриального общественного строя предполагают трансформацию взглядов на структуру социализации современного человека, в чем и заключается злободневность выделения структуры цифровой социализации. В заключение проведенного анализа литературных источников, касающихся вопроса цифровизации, выделяются основные компоненты процесса цифровой социализации, которые будут пригодны в современном образовательном процессе. Таким образом, результаты научной статьи могут быть полезны в процессе дальнейшего исследования явлений цифровизации современного постиндустриального общества во всех сферах жизнедеятельности человека. Today it is impossible to imagine our life without the introduction of digital technologies in various spheres of human activity. Modern society is rapidly entering the era of cybersocialization, where not only the need-motivational sphere of a person is changing, but also the structure of self-consciousness of the individual. This article is devoted to the study of the issue of digital socialization based on the principle of consistency and taking into account the multidimensionality of this process. In the process of collecting information on the structure of digital socialization, no definition of the structure of digital socialization was found, however, the article attempts to highlight the structure of digital socialization in modern society, which is necessary for further study of the digitalization process of both modern civil society in general and the educational process in particular. This paper pays attention to the analysis of scientific works devoted to the study of the digitalization process, in which researchers express their point of view on the phenomena of digital socialization in the modern information space. Thus, the results of the scientific article can be useful in the process of further research of the phenomena of digitalization of modern post-industrial society in all spheres of human activity.


1984 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Karsh ◽  
Nicholas Blain ◽  
Yasumitsu Nihei

There is a general proposition that common, advanced technologies similarly deployed in countries with different histories, cultures and industrial relations systems will tend to generate similar outcomes cross-nationally. Airlines operating identical aircraft in Australia, Japan and the United States provide an opportunity to test this convergence hypothesis. Despite very different normative industrial re lations systems in these three countries, pilots of Boeing 747 aircraft havefashioned pay schemes and union structures that are far more alike cross-nationally than those that generally characterise employees in other occupations and industries in the same national context. Airline pilots have, in effect, become partners with employers in sharing benefits of increased productivity of the larger or faster aircraft they fly. While acknowledging factors other than common technologies, this study supports the general convergence hypothesis when applied to an industry level. It does not support those 'post-industrial society' theorists who see the overwhelming influence of technology as eroding social and occupational distinctions between and among different classes of workers.


2000 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
M J Xavier ◽  
S Ramachander

In the post-industrial revolution era, the competitiveness paradigm appears to have reached its limits. In this article, the authors discuss the ineffectiveness of the paradigm and propose an approach beyond competition. Their premise is that every individual searches for something everlasting and wants to leave something behind that survives. To support this, they recommend that companies revive and imbibe pre-industrial society value systems that allowed the free expression of ‘the divinery instincts’ in individuals in the form of arts and crafts while maintaining focus and coordination through the use of information technology. They propose a 3Em's path to sustaining corporate performance, viz. Embarkation, Emulation, and Emancipation. They propose that companies should quickly get over the first two phases and get on to the emancipation phase where they concentrate on setting their own standards rather than frittering away their u energy in outsmarting competition.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 521-534
Author(s):  
Paulina Rojek-Adamek

A characteristic feature of the transition from industrial to post-industrial society is basing a significant part of production on the “intangible” value (software production, audiovisual production, advertising, design, cultural activities, etc.). The individual is perceived as the main actor in management processes where professional success depends on readiness for dialogue and exchange of owned capital (not only economically). It means a different definition of work, perceiving it as an element of shaping – understood in many dimensions – social, economic and cultural relations. Dematerialization of work means therefore giving primacy to the handling of information. This phenomenon can also be seen as a manifestation of cognitive capitalism characterized as a different accumulation system which is based on knowledge and creativity, in other words, on forms of intangible investment. Therefore, it seems that it would be particularly valuable to examine the potential of groups that have this knowledge capital as the basis of their activity. The article will discuss the theoretical concept of the exchange and sharing of creative ideas in the design field. It also presents original research devoted to this issue, conducted in the environment of Polish designers.


2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-15
Author(s):  
Jiang Yingying ◽  
Jia Beisi

When N.J. Habraken proposed the conception of support-infill in housing construction in 1960s, housing issues was centered by drawn material construction and consumption, although the needs of involving in the final occupants' participation emerged. It reflected a transition from the industrial economy to the post-industrial economy. Since the rapid development and evolution in the field of technology and social culture in the last several decades, both the social structure and ideology have been changing. The consumption conception of dwelling has also shifted from physical substance to some invisible items, such as knowledge and service. Therefore, open building, as an architectural design method, should adapt to this situation in its future development. This paper firstly describes the characteristics of the post-industry society. Based on analyzing and summarizing the theories and some examples, this paper tries to re-explain the definition of “flexibility” in the context of the post-industrial society. It concludes that the possible tendency of open building is to establish a service system for future occupants to adapt to the changing living environment in addition to physical changeability of the building.


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