Applications of Nano Technology in Civil Engineering

This article presents the recent trends in the field of civil engineering with an emphasis on the applications of nano materials and their beneficial effects at nano scale. The role and utilization of nanoparticles such as nano silica, carbon nano tubes, graphene, nano clays, nano CaCO3, nano TiO2, etc., is sharply increasing with the passage of time for achieving high performance composites. These nano materials not only enhance the mechanical properties of the resulting composites but also produce multifunctional characteristics. In this review, the authors have highlighted the various types of nanomaterials being used in the field of civil engineering and the performance improvements achieved by their utilization. Besides the potential benefits of Nano materials, they may pose some health and environmental concerns. A brief discussion is also provided on this issue.

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Role of Nanocatalyst (photocatalysts) for waste water treatment

Current Analytical Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1573411016666200226091404 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Sagir ◽

Muhammad Bilal Tahir

Keyword(s):

Waste Water ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Waste Water Treatment ◽

Nano Materials ◽

Nano Technology ◽

Treatment Processes ◽

Photo Catalysis ◽

Carbon Nano Tubes ◽

Large Research

Background: The aim of current study is to understand the application of Nano-technology in the field of water and waste water treatment processes due to increasing scarcity of water as time goes on.The knowledge about the effect of various photo catalysts on the treatment of waste water is also compiled here. Introduction: In recent years, many researches have been working on the projects for the removal of organic & inorganic pollutants from water using photo catalysts which provide more efficient, economical and as well as pollution free processes to some extent. Nanomaterials are found in large research categories and are used in variety of applications. Method: Photo catalysis using Iron, Zinc, Silver, Metal oxides, SnO2, Carbon Nano-tubes, Nano composites & Membranes are focused in this paper. Result: Discussion regarding various parameters as well as future aspects of nanoparticles on waste water treatment are highlighted. Impacts of nanoparticles on health is also incorporated here. Conclusion: Considering the current speed of development and revolution in tech, Nano materials for this type of applications seems very promising.

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Recent Trends of Advanced Technologies for High Performance Shape Control Mill

Tetsu-to-Hagane ◽

10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.79.3_312 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 79 (3) ◽

pp. 312-317

Author(s):

Tsuneo NAKANO

Keyword(s):

Shape Control ◽

High Performance ◽

Advanced Technologies ◽

Recent Trends

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In Vitro Pharmaco-Toxicological Characterization of Melissa officinalis Total Extract Using Oral, Pharynx and Colorectal Carcinoma Cell Lines

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr9050850 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 850

Author(s):

Kristine Guran ◽

Roxana Buzatu ◽

Iulia Pinzaru ◽

Madalina Boruga ◽

Iasmina Marcovici ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Carcinoma ◽

Melissa Officinalis ◽

Pharmacological Profile ◽

In Ovo ◽

Total Extract ◽

Antiangiogenic Effect ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Potential Benefits

Melissa officinalis is a medicinal herb with an extensive pharmacological profile that has been proven to have beneficial effects in oral and gastrointestinal disorders. However, the effects of this plant in oral, pharyngeal, and colorectal malignancies, types of cancer with an increased incidence in recent years, are less investigated. The present study aims to evaluate the pharmacological profile of a Melissa officinalis total extract for potential benefits in oral, pharynx and colorectal carcinoma. The LC-MS profile of MO total extract (MOte) indicated a rich content in polyphenols, data that support the potent antioxidant capacity exhibited and the antimicrobial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. In addition, MOte triggered a dose-dependent and selective decrease in the viability of tumor cells (tongue and pharynx squamous cell carcinomas, and colorectal adenocarcinoma), with the most significant effect being recorded at 100 µg/mL. At the same concentration, MOte exhibited an antiangiogenic effect by inhibiting the process of angiogenesis in ovo. Overall, our findings support the potential benefits of Melissa officinalis leaf total extract as a valuable candidate for the prophylaxis of oral, pharyngeal and colorectal neoplasms.

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Fräsen partikelverstärkter Titanmatrix-Verbundwerkstoffe*/Milling of particle-reinforced titanium metal matrix composites

wt Werkstattstechnik online ◽

10.37544/1436-4980-2017-04-105 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 107 (04) ◽

pp. 301-305

Author(s):

E. Prof. Uhlmann ◽

F. Kaulfersch

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

High Wear Resistance ◽

Tool Geometry ◽

Matrix Composites ◽

Titanium Matrix ◽

Titanium Matrix Composites ◽

Performance Improvements ◽

Significant Performance ◽

High Temperature Components ◽

Process Strategy

Partikelverstärkte Titanmatrix-Verbundwerkstoffe erlauben erhebliche Leistungssteigerungen im Bereich hochtemperaturbeanspruchter Struktur- und Funktionsbauteile. Die durch die Partikelverstärkung gesteigerte Verschleißbeständigkeit, Festigkeit und Härte bedeuten eine große Herausforderung an die spanende Bearbeitung derartiger Hochleistungswerkstoffe. Mittels Zerspanuntersuchungen beim Fräsen konnten unter Variation der Werkzeuggeometrie, der Schneidstoffe und der Prozessstrategie Parameterbeiche identifiziert werden, mit denen die prozesssichere Zerspanung partikelverstärkter Titanmatrix-Verbundwerkstoffe möglich ist.   Particle-reinforced titanium matrix composites ensure significant performance improvements of structural and functional high-temperature components. However, the high wear resistance, toughness and hardness due to particle reinforcement is a major challenge in machining these high performance materials. By conducting milling experiments with a variation of tool geometry, cutting material and process strategy, process parameters could be identified that enable efficient machining of particle-reinforced titanium matrix composites.

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Implementation of Scientific Computing Applications on the Cell Broadband Engine

Scientific Programming ◽

10.1155/2009/589561 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 17 (1-2) ◽

pp. 135-151 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Guochun Shi ◽

Volodymyr V. Kindratenko ◽

Ivan S. Ufimtsev ◽

Todd J. Martinez ◽

James C. Phillips ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Scientific Computing ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Optimization Techniques ◽

Cell Processor ◽

Intrinsic Properties ◽

Cell Broadband Engine ◽

Performance Improvements ◽

Cell Architecture ◽

Practical Recommendations

The Cell Broadband Engine architecture is a revolutionary processor architecture well suited for many scientific codes. This paper reports on an effort to implement several traditional high-performance scientific computing applications on the Cell Broadband Engine processor, including molecular dynamics, quantum chromodynamics and quantum chemistry codes. The paper discusses data and code restructuring strategies necessary to adapt the applications to the intrinsic properties of the Cell processor and demonstrates performance improvements achieved on the Cell architecture. It concludes with the lessons learned and provides practical recommendations on optimization techniques that are believed to be most appropriate.

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Synthesis of Mn3O4 nano-materials via CTAB/SDS vesicle templating for high performance supercapacitors

Materials Letters ◽

10.1016/j.matlet.2017.09.006 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 210 ◽

pp. 128-132 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Yuqing Qiao ◽

Qujiang Sun ◽

Ou Sha ◽

Xiaoyu Zhang ◽

Yongfu Tang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Nano Materials

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Storytelling as a trigger for sharing conversations

Exchanges The Interdisciplinary Research Journal ◽

10.31273/eirj.v1i2.86 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 206-219 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Emma Louise Parfitt ◽

Emma Louise Parfitt

Keyword(s):

Young People ◽

Fairy Tales ◽

Oral Storytelling ◽

Safe Place ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Historical Perspectives ◽

Safe Area ◽

The Social ◽

Potential Benefits ◽

Research Analysis

This article explores whether traditional oral storytelling can be used to provide insights into the way in which young people of 12-14 years identify and understand the language of emotion and behaviour. Following the preliminary analysis, I propose that storytelling may trigger sharing conversations. My research attempts to extend the social and historical perspectives of Jack Zipes, on fairy tales, into a sociological analysis of young people’s lives today. I seek to investigate the extent that the storytelling space offers potential benefits as a safe place for young people to share emotions and experiences, and learn from one another. My research analysis involved NVivo coding of one hour storytelling and focus group sessions, held over five weeks. In total, there were six groups of four children, of mixed ethnicity, gender, ability, and socio-economic background, from three schools within Warwickshire. The results confirmed that the beneficial effects of the storytelling space include a safe area for sharing emotions and experiences, and in general for supporting young people outside formal learning settings.

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REVIEW OF USE OF NANO MATERIAL IN MODIFYING THE PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE

Journal of Mountain Area Research ◽

10.53874/jmar.v4i0.73 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 9

Author(s):

Irfan U. Jan

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Civil Engineering ◽

High Performance Concrete ◽

Biomedical Sciences ◽

Concrete Technology ◽

Nano Material ◽

Promising Area ◽

Active Research ◽

Electronic Chemical ◽

Modern Technologies

Modern technologies have affected all fields of human activities. Traditionally nanotechnologies deal with material having a dimension in the range of one billionth of a meter or 100 Nano meter in size. It has been widely used in natural sciences and biomedical sciences in the fields like microbiology, medicine, electronic, chemical, and materials sciences. The application of nontechnology and Nano material in Civil Engineering is still under active research in the areas of Concrete Technology, Construction management, water purification systems, Properties of Concrete at early ages and use of modern polymers in producing High Performance Concrete (HPC). The use of Nano material to produce relatively sustainable concrete represents a promising area of research in Nano material. In this paper the State of the Art of application of Nanotechnologies to Civil Engineering and its future prospects with special reference to sustainability in construction.

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Improving speed of models for improved real-world decision-making

10.31235/osf.io/sqy8c ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jason Thompson ◽

Haifeng Zhao ◽

Sachith Seneviratne ◽

Rohan Byrne ◽

Rajith Vidanaarachichi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Performance Computing ◽

Real World ◽

High Performance ◽

Time Pressure ◽

Practical Importance ◽

Model Development ◽

Sudden Onset ◽

Health Crisis ◽

Performance Improvements ◽

Performance Computing

The sudden onset of the COVID-19 global health crisis and as-sociated economic and social fall-out has highlighted the im-portance of speed in modeling emergency scenarios so that ro-bust, reliable evidence can be placed in policy and decision-makers’ hands as swiftly as possible. For computational social scientists who are building complex policy models but who lack ready access to high-performance computing facilities, such time-pressure can hinder effective engagement. Popular and ac-cessible agent-based modeling platforms such as NetLogo can be fast to develop, but slow to run when exploring broad param-eter spaces on individual workstations. However, while deploy-ment on high-performance computing (HPC) clusters can achieve marked performance improvements, transferring models from workstations to HPC clusters can also be a technically challenging and time-consuming task. In this paper we present a set of generic templates that can be used and adapted by NetLogo users who have access to HPC clusters but require ad-ditional support for deploying their models on such infrastruc-ture. We show that model run-time speed improvements of be-tween 200x and 400x over desktop machines are possible using 1) a benchmark ‘wolf-sheep predation’ model in addition to 2) an example drawn from our own work modeling the spread of COVID-19 in Victoria, Australia. We describe how a focus on improving model speed is non-trivial for model development and discuss its practical importance for improved policy and de-cision-making in the real world. We provide all associated doc-umentation in a linked git repository.

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