The Politics of Establishing ICT Governance for Large-Scale Healthcare Information Infrastructures

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-61
Author(s):  
Gro-Hilde Ulriksen ◽  
Rune Pedersen ◽  
Gunnar Ellingsen
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Organizational Politics ◽  
Regional Health ◽  
Healthcare Environment ◽  
The North ◽  
Information Infrastructures ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Empirical Insight

In Norway, the focus on interoperability and communication across healthcare practices has increased the need to connect ICT portfolios at different levels of healthcare, into large-scale information infrastructures (II). Governing healthcare practices is exceptionally complex, due to the diverging goals and policies of the heterogeneous actors involved. Establish well-functioning ICT governance organizations to handle these large infrastructures is therefore important. Using information infrastructure theory, and governance literature from the IS field, this paper contributes with empirical insight to the longitudinal and political process of establishing ICT governance in a healthcare context, reporting from one of Norway's largest health ICT projects, situated in the North Norway Regional Health Authority in 2012–2016. Our focus was on the following research questions: How does organizational politics shape the process of establishing an ICT governance organization in a heterogeneous healthcare environment, and what does it take to establish such ICT governance organization?

The Politics of Establishing ICT Governance for Large-Scale Healthcare Information Infrastructures

2020 ◽  
pp. 1704-1719
Author(s):  
Gro-Hilde Ulriksen ◽  
Rune Pedersen ◽  
Gunnar Ellingsen
Keyword(s):  
Health Authority ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Organizational Politics ◽  
The North ◽  
Information Infrastructures ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Empirical Insight ◽  
North Norway

In Norway, the focus on interoperability and communication across healthcare practices has increased the need to connect ICT portfolios at different levels of healthcare, into large-scale information infrastructures (II). Governing healthcare practices is exceptionally complex, due to the diverging goals and policies of the heterogeneous actors involved. Establish well-functioning ICT governance organizations to handle these large infrastructures is therefore important. Using information infrastructure theory, and governance literature from the IS field, this paper contributes with empirical insight to the longitudinal and political process of establishing ICT governance in a healthcare context, reporting from one of Norway's largest health ICT projects, situated in the North Norway Regional Health Authority in 2012–2016. Our focus was on the following research questions: How does organizational politics shape the process of establishing an ICT governance organization in a heterogeneous healthcare environment, and what does it take to establish such ICT governance organization?

Increased frequency of Eurasian double jets linked to summer heat extremes in Europe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efi Rousi ◽  
Kai Kornhuber ◽  
Goratz Beobide Arsuaga ◽  
Fei Luo ◽  
Dim Coumou
Keyword(s):  
Zonal Wind ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Reanalysis Data ◽  
Self Organizing Maps ◽  
Upper Troposphere ◽  
The North ◽  
Heat Extremes ◽  
Different Levels

<p>Persistent summer extremes, such as heatwaves and droughts, can have considerable impacts on nature and societies. There is evidence that weather persistence has increased in Europe over the past decades, in association to changes in atmosphere dynamics, but uncertainties remain and the driving forces are not yet well understood. </p><p>Particularly for Europe, the jet stream may affect surface weather significantly by modulating the North Atlantic storm tracks. Here, we examine the hypothesis that high-latitude warming and decreased westerlies in summer result in more double jets, consisting of two distinct maxima of the zonal wind in the upper troposphere, over the Eurasian sector. Previous work has shown that such double jet states are related to persistent blocking-like circulation in the mid-latitudes. </p><p>We adapt a dynamical perspective of heat extreme trends by looking at large scale circulation and in particular, changes in the zonal mean zonal wind in different levels of the upper troposphere. We define clusters of jet states with the use of Self-Organizing Maps and analyze their characteristics. We find an increase in frequency and persistence of a cluster of double jet states for the period 1979-2019 during July-August (in ERA5 reanalysis data). Those states are linked to increased surface temperature and more frequent heatwaves compared to climatology over western, central, and northern Europe. Significant positive double jet anomalies are found to be dominant in the days preceding and/or coinciding with some of the most intense historical heatwaves in Europe, such as those of 2003 and 2018. A linear regression analysis shows that the increase in frequency and persistence of double jet states may explain part of the strong upward trend in heat extremes over these European regions.</p>

Evaluating the Transfer of Care from Psychiatric Hospitals to District-Based Services

1993 ◽  
Vol 162 (S19) ◽  
pp. 6-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Leff
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Medical Officer ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
The United States ◽  
Regional Health ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Steady Rate ◽  
Regional Medical

In July 1983 the Regional Medical Officer of the North East Thames Regional Health Authority (NETRHA) appeared on television to announce the closure of Claybury Hospital and much of Friern Hospital over a ten-year period.When NETRHA announced its decision, the policy to be pursued was innovative because it involved psychiatric hospitals serving inner-city populations, and because there was apparently no intention to achieve its aim by decanting patients into other psychiatric hospitals, as had been done with the closures of St Wulstan's and Banstead Hospitals. Although the run-down of psychiatric hospitals had been occurring at a steady rate in the United States and in England and Wales since the early 1950s, there had been few attempts to evaluate the policy, and none had been in any sense comprehensive (this supplement, paper 7). Clinicians and research workers in the field of social psychiatry were well aware of the need for large-scale evaluative studies, since protagonists and opponents of the policy of deinstitutionalisation were locked in a polemical argument which was pursued with increasing stridency through lack of reliable information.

scholarly journals Justification criteria for Inter-Basin Water Transfer Projects

2021 ◽  
Vol 314 ◽  
pp. 06001
Author(s):  
Oussama Laassilia ◽  
Driss Ouazar ◽  
Ahmed Bouziane ◽  
Moulay Driss Hasnaoui
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Water Transfer ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Epistemic Communities ◽  
Current Version ◽  
The North ◽  
Interbasin Water Transfer ◽  
Basin Water ◽  
Different Levels

When implemented on a large scale, Interbasin Water Transfer (IBWT) projects are one of the most significant human interventions in natural environmental processes. Although water transfer might have considerable beneficial impacts, it produces inevitably other adverse effects on different levels. The present work aims to assess the phenomenon of IBWT to answer the question of whether such transfers are justified or not. To this end, this paper is first introduced by reviewing criteria proposed by some international organizations and epistemic communities for assessing IBWT. Then, a coherent set of IBWT evaluation criteria are proposed. Afterward, the authors have applied the chosen criteria to the North-South Water Transfer Project (NSWTP) in Morocco to provide a global assessment. The results show that the NSWTP, in its current version, is not justified. To remedy the negative sides of this project, the authors propose to limit the water transfer only between Sebou (donor) and Bouregreg (recipient), all in increasing the storage capacity of the recipient reservoir. On the other hand, studies related to the legal and institutional sides, and the ecological impacts are to be finalized.

Why Has There Been No People’s Power Rebellion in North Korea?

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Andrew Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Information Control ◽  
Al Jazeera ◽  
The North ◽  
New Information ◽  
Effective System ◽  
The Right

One scenario put forward by researchers, political commentators and journalists for the collapse of North Korea has been a People’s Power (or popular) rebellion. This paper analyses why no popular rebellion has occurred in the DPRK under Kim Jong Un. It challenges the assumption that popular rebellion would happen because of widespread anger caused by a greater awareness of superior economic conditions outside the DPRK. Using Jack Goldstone’s theoretical expla-nations for the outbreak of popular rebellion, and comparisons with the 1989 Romanian and 2010–11 Tunisian transitions, this paper argues that marketi-zation has led to a loosening of state ideological control and to an influx of infor-mation about conditions in the outside world. However, unlike the Tunisian transitions—in which a new information context shaped by social media, the Al-Jazeera network and an experience of protest helped create a sense of pan-Arab solidarity amongst Tunisians resisting their government—there has been no similar ideology unifying North Koreans against their regime. There is evidence of discontent in market unrest in the DPRK, although protests between 2011 and the present have mostly been in defense of the right of people to support themselves through private trade. North Koreans believe this right has been guaranteed, or at least tacitly condoned, by the Kim Jong Un government. There has not been any large-scale explosion of popular anger because the state has not attempted to crush market activities outright under Kim Jong Un. There are other reasons why no popular rebellion has occurred in the North. Unlike Tunisia, the DPRK lacks a dissident political elite capable of leading an opposition movement, and unlike Romania, the DPRK authorities have shown some flexibility in their anti-dissent strategies, taking a more tolerant approach to protests against economic issues. Reduced levels of violence during periods of unrest and an effective system of information control may have helped restrict the expansion of unrest beyond rural areas.

Information And Map-Made Control With The Functions Of Business Analytics For Urban Management

2019 ◽  
pp. 72-78
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Urban Management ◽  
Business Analytics ◽  
Administrative District ◽  
The North ◽  
Model Of Management ◽  
Complex Development ◽  
Coordination System ◽  
Key Aspects

The key aspects of the process of designing and developing an information and cartographic control tool with business analytics functions for the municipal level of urban management are considered. The review of functionality of the developed tool is given. Examples of its use for the analysis and monitoring of implementation of the program of complex development of territories are given. The importance of application of information support of management and coordination at all levels of management as an integral part of the basic model of management and coordination system of large-scale urban projects of dispersed construction is proved. Information and map-made tool with business intelligence functions was used and was highly appreciated in the preparation of information-analytical and presentation materials of the North-Eastern Administrative District of Moscow. Its use made it possible to significantly optimize the list of activities of the program of integrated development of territories, their priority and timing.

ОЦЕНКА ПЕРСПЕКТИВ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОГО БУДУЩЕГО РОССИЙСКОЙ МОЛОДЕЖЬЮ

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
O. V. Lagutin ◽  
E. O. Negrov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Political Process ◽  
The Political ◽  
Youth Organizations ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
North West ◽  
Youth Leaders ◽  
The North ◽  
Rfbr Grant ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article deals with the assessment of the prospects of the political future by representatives of Russian youth. The text of the article has been prepared within the framework of the project “Potential of Youth Political Leadership in The Course of Political Socialization and Circulation of Elites in the Russia Regions in the 2010s (using the example of South-Western Siberia and the North-West of the Russian Federation), RFBR grant No. 18-011-01184. The relevance of the research is in combining a fundamental review of the main directions of research of the role of youth participation in the social and political process and the involvement of a specific empirical study conducted in the spring of 2019, which allows highlighting various aspects of the situation. The empirical part of the study is based on the study “Ideas of Youth about Possibilities of Youth Leaders and Youth Organizations in Russia”, which was conducted in spring 2019 in four constituent entities of the Russian Federation — Altai Territory, Leningrad and Novosibirsk Regions and St. Petersburg. The method of research was a personal standardized interview, the sample size was 1000 respondents (250 in each of the regions), representatives of young people aged 14 to 30 permanently reside in the territory of the studied subjects of the federation. Based on factor and cluster analyzes, the main models of expectations of the political future are presented. The article should be of interest to researchers, both professionally involved, and simply interested in the topic of the influence of the real political process on such a significant group of the population as youth.

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE OCEANOGRAPHIC MODELING AND OBSERVATION NETWORK (REMO) FOR PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY STUDIES AND OCEAN FORECASTING

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Antonio Moreira Lima
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
North Pacific Ocean ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Height Anomaly ◽  
The North ◽  
Observation Network ◽  
Ocean Forecasting

This paper is concerned with the planning, implementation and some results of the Oceanographic Modeling and Observation Network, named REMO, for Brazilian regional waters. Ocean forecasting has been an important scientific issue over the last decade due to studies related to climate change as well as applications related to short-range oceanic forecasts. The South Atlantic Ocean has a deficit of oceanographic measurements when compared to other ocean basins such as the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Pacific Ocean. It is a challenge to design an ocean forecasting system for a region with poor observational coverage of in-situ data. Fortunately, most ocean forecasting systems heavily rely on the assimilation of surface fields such as sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) or sea surface temperature (SST), acquired by environmental satellites, that can accurately provide information that constrain major surface current systems and their mesoscale activity. An integrated approach is proposed here in which the large scale circulation in the Atlantic Ocean is modeled in a first step, and gradually nested into higher resolution regional models that are able to resolve important processes such as the Brazil Current and associated mesoscale variability, continental shelf waves, local and remote wind forcing, and others. This article presents the overall strategy to develop the models using a network of Brazilian institutions and their related expertise along with international collaboration. This work has some similarity with goals of the international project Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment OceanView (GODAE OceanView).

A Bridge Too Far?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte P. Lee ◽  
Kjeld Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Science And Technology Studies ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cooperative Work ◽  
Computer Supported Cooperative Work ◽  
Practical Action ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
Information Infrastructures ◽  
Information Systems Research ◽  
Critical Investigation

The study of computing infrastructures has grown significantly due to the rapid proliferation and ubiquity of large-scale IT-based installations. At the same time, recognition has also grown of the usefulness of such studies as a means for understanding computing infrastructures as material complements of practical action. Subsequently the concept of “infrastructure” (or “information infrastructures,” “cyberinfrastructures,” and “infrastructuring”) has gained increasing importance in the area of Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) as well as in neighboring areas such as Information Systems research (IS) and Science and Technology Studies (STS). However, as such studies have unfolded, the very concept of “infrastructure” is being applied in different discourses, for different purposes, in myriad different senses. Consequently, the concept of “infrastructure” has become increasingly muddled and needs clarification. The chapter presents a critical investigation of the vicissitudes of the concept of “infrastructure” over the last 35 years.

scholarly journals Impact of air–sea coupling on the climate change signal over the Iberian Peninsula

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alba de la Vara ◽  
William Cabos ◽  
Dmitry V. Sein ◽  
Claas Teichmann ◽  
Daniela Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Climate Change Signal ◽  
The North ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn this work we use a regional atmosphere–ocean coupled model (RAOCM) and its stand-alone atmospheric component to gain insight into the impact of atmosphere–ocean coupling on the climate change signal over the Iberian Peninsula (IP). The IP climate is influenced by both the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean sea. Complex interactions with the orography take place there and high-resolution models are required to realistically reproduce its current and future climate. We find that under the RCP8.5 scenario, the generalized 2-m air temperature (T2M) increase by the end of the twenty-first century (2070–2099) in the atmospheric-only simulation is tempered by the coupling. The impact of coupling is specially seen in summer, when the warming is stronger. Precipitation shows regionally-dependent changes in winter, whilst a drier climate is found in summer. The coupling generally reduces the magnitude of the changes. Differences in T2M and precipitation between the coupled and uncoupled simulations are caused by changes in the Atlantic large-scale circulation and in the Mediterranean Sea. Additionally, the differences in projected changes of T2M and precipitation with the RAOCM under the RCP8.5 and RCP4.5 scenarios are tackled. Results show that in winter and summer T2M increases less and precipitation changes are of a smaller magnitude with the RCP4.5. Whilst in summer changes present a similar regional distribution in both runs, in winter there are some differences in the NW of the IP due to differences in the North Atlantic circulation. The differences in the climate change signal from the RAOCM and the driving Global Coupled Model show that regionalization has an effect in terms of higher resolution over the land and ocean.

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