scholarly journals Information Management Challenges in Autonomous Vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-77
Author(s):  
Adrija Ghansiyal ◽  
Mamta Mittal ◽  
Arpan Kumar Kar
Keyword(s):  
Information Management ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Technology Implementation ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Autonomous Robots ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Internet Of Vehicles ◽  
Connected Cars ◽  
Internet Of Things Technology

The focus of automobile industry is towards producing efficient driverless cars that are risk free and with zero tolerance to safety violations thereby following in the footsteps of autonomous robots. In this study, the author elaborates on the vulnerabilities relevant to internet of things technology implementation in these connected cars, commonly termed as internet of vehicles. This topic has already been discussed frequently by the research community; however, the main contribution of the paper is to establish the connection of information management with autonomous systems, an aspect that other literatures lack. The focus of the study is on presenting a brief introduction to the foundation technologies used in the connected vehicles. It also aims to summarize the various security methods that have been used infrequently and could be further explored in future research.

scholarly journals Introduction to the Special Issue on the Man and the Machine

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-296
Author(s):  
Thomas Burri ◽  
Isabelle Wildhaber
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Autonomous Robots ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Federal Aviation Administration ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
The Us ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
The University

This special issue assembles five articles ensuing from a conference on “The Man and the Machine: When Systems Take Decisions Autonomously”, which took place on June 26 and 27, 2015, at the University of St. Gallen in Switzerland.The aim of the conference was to explore the broader implications of artificial intelligence, machine learning and autonomous robots and vehicles. Alphabet's Deep Mind is just one example about Whom we know, at least a little, and who, we are told, will be good. Autonomous vehicles are also about to enter the market and our phones have begun to verbalize at us. Private drones are being regulated by the US Federal Aviation Administration. The five papers in this special issue address some of the legal issues the broader development raises.The first article is on “The Implications of Modern Business-Entity Law for the Regulation of Autonomous Systems” and is written by Shawn Bayern.

Autonomous Driving Systems: A Preliminary Naturalistic Study of the Tesla Model S

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mica R. Endsley
Keyword(s):  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Discrete Control ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Continuous Control ◽  
Development Mode

Autonomous and semiautonomous vehicles are currently being developed by over14 companies. These vehicles may improve driving safety and convenience, or they may create new challenges for drivers, particularly with regard to situation awareness (SA) and autonomy interaction. I conducted a naturalistic driving study on the autonomy features in the Tesla Model S, recording my experiences over a 6-month period, including assessments of SA and problems with the autonomy. This preliminary analysis provides insights into the challenges that drivers may face in dealing with new autonomous automobiles in realistic driving conditions, and it extends previous research on human-autonomy interaction to the driving domain. Issues were found with driver training, mental model development, mode confusion, unexpected mode interactions, SA, and susceptibility to distraction. New insights into challenges with semiautonomous driving systems include increased variability in SA, the replacement of continuous control with serial discrete control, and the need for more complex decisions. Issues that deserve consideration in future research and a set of guidelines for driver interfaces of autonomous systems are presented and used to create recommendations for improving driver SA when interacting with autonomous vehicles.

scholarly journals WARA-PS: a research arena for public safety demonstrations and autonomous collaborative rescue robotics experimentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olov Andersson ◽  
Patrick Doherty ◽  
Mårten Lager ◽  
Jens-Olof Lindh ◽  
Linnea Persson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
User Interaction ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Core System ◽  
Research Dissemination ◽  
New Research

AbstractA research arena (WARA-PS) for sensing, data fusion, user interaction, planning and control of collaborative autonomous aerial and surface vehicles in public safety applications is presented. The objective is to demonstrate scientific discoveries and to generate new directions for future research on autonomous systems for societal challenges. The enabler is a computational infrastructure with a core system architecture for industrial and academic collaboration. This includes a control and command system together with a framework for planning and executing tasks for unmanned surface vehicles and aerial vehicles. The motivating application for the demonstration is marine search and rescue operations. A state-of-art delegation framework for the mission planning together with three specific applications is also presented. The first one concerns model predictive control for cooperative rendezvous of autonomous unmanned aerial and surface vehicles. The second project is about learning to make safe real-time decisions under uncertainty for autonomous vehicles, and the third one is on robust terrain-aided navigation through sensor fusion and virtual reality tele-operation to support a GPS-free positioning system in marine environments. The research results have been experimentally evaluated and demonstrated to industry and public sector audiences at a marine test facility. It would be most difficult to do experiments on this large scale without the WARA-PS research arena. Furthermore, these demonstrator activities have resulted in effective research dissemination with high public visibility, business impact and new research collaborations between academia and industry.

scholarly journals eHMI: Review and Guidelines for Deployment on Autonomous Vehicles

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 2912
Author(s):  
Juan Carmona ◽  
Carlos Guindel ◽  
Fernando Garcia ◽  
Arturo de la Escalera
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
Broad Perspective ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Feedback Data ◽  
Machine Interaction

Human–machine interaction is an active area of research due to the rapid development of autonomous systems and the need for communication. This review provides further insight into the specific issue of the information flow between pedestrians and automated vehicles by evaluating recent advances in external human–machine interfaces (eHMI), which enable the transmission of state and intent information from the vehicle to the rest of the traffic participants. Recent developments will be explored and studies analyzing their effectiveness based on pedestrian feedback data will be presented and contextualized. As a result, we aim to draw a broad perspective on the current status and recent techniques for eHMI and some guidelines that will encourage future research and development of these systems.

scholarly journals Cybersafety Approach to Cybersecurity Analysis and Mitigation for Mobility-as-a-Service and Internet of Vehicles

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1220
Author(s):  
Chee Wei Lee ◽  
Stuart Madnick
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Internet Of Vehicles ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Software Updates ◽  
Levels Of Automation ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Convergence Of Technologies

Urban mobility is in the midst of a revolution, driven by the convergence of technologies such as artificial intelligence, on-demand ride services, and Internet-connected and self-driving vehicles. Technological advancements often lead to new hazards. Coupled with the increased levels of automation and connectivity in the new generation of autonomous vehicles, cybersecurity is emerging as a key threat affecting these vehicles. Traditional hazard analysis methods treat safety and security in isolation and are limited in their ability to account for interactions among organizational, sociotechnical, human, and technical components. In response to these challenges, the cybersafety method, based on System Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA and STPA-Sec), was developed to meet the growing need to holistically analyze complex sociotechnical systems. We applied cybersafety to coanalyze safety and security hazards, as well as identify mitigation requirements. The results were compared with another promising method known as Combined Harm Analysis of Safety and Security for Information Systems (CHASSIS). Both methods were applied to the Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) and Internet of Vehicles (IoV) use cases, focusing on over-the-air software updates feature. Overall, cybersafety identified additional hazards and more effective requirements compared to CHASSIS. In particular, cybersafety demonstrated the ability to identify hazards due to unsafe/unsecure interactions among sociotechnical components. This research also suggested using CHASSIS methods for information lifecycle analysis to complement and generate additional considerations for cybersafety. Finally, results from both methods were backtested against a past cyber hack on a vehicular system, and we found that recommendations from cybersafety were likely to mitigate the risks of the incident.

scholarly journals Internet of Vehicles: Commencing Intellectual Hoarse Towards Self-Regulating Cars and Vehicular Clouds for Smart Transportation Structure [Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network: A Review and Application in the Internet of Vehicles]

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.12) ◽  
pp. 545
Author(s):  
Risabh Mishra ◽  
M Safa ◽  
Aditya Anand
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Intelligent Transportation System ◽  
Information Service ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Of Vehicles ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Recent advances in wireless communication technologies and automobile industry have triggered a significant research interest in the field of Internet of Vehicles over the past few years.The advanced period of the Internet of Things is guiding the development of conventional Vehicular Networks to the Internet of Vehicles.In the days of Internet connectivity there is need to be in safe and problem-free environment.The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is normally a mixing of three networks: an inter-vehicleNetwork, an intra-vehicle network, and a vehicle to vehicle network.Based on  idea of three networks combining into one, we define  Internet of Vehicles as a large-scale distributed system to wireless communication and information exchange between vehicle2X (X: vehicle, road, human and internet).It is a combined   network for supporting intelligent traffic management, intelligent dynamic information service, and intelligent vehicle control, representation of an application of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology for intelligent transportation system (ITS).  

scholarly journals Carpooling in Connected and Autonomous Vehicles: Current Solutions and Future Directions

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farkhanda Zafar ◽  
Hasan Ali Khattak ◽  
Moayad Aloqaily ◽  
Rasheed Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
One Stop ◽  
Future Research Directions

Owing to the advancements in communication and computation technologies, the dream of commercialized connected and autonomous cars is becoming a reality. However, among other challenges such as environmental pollution, cost, maintenance, security, and privacy, the ownership of vehicles (especially for Autonomous Vehicles (AV)) is the major obstacle in the realization of this technology at the commercial level. Furthermore, the business model of pay-as-you-go type services further attracts the consumer because there is no need for upfront investment. In this vein, the idea of car-sharing ( aka carpooling) is getting ground due to, at least in part, its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and affordable choice of transportation. Carpooling systems are still in their infancy and face challenges such as scheduling, matching passengers interests, business model, security, privacy, and communication. To date, a plethora of research work has already been done covering different aspects of carpooling services (ranging from applications to communication and technologies); however, there is still a lack of a holistic, comprehensive survey that can be a one-stop-shop for the researchers in this area to, i) find all the relevant information, and ii) identify the future research directions. To fill these research challenges, this paper provides a comprehensive survey on carpooling in autonomous and connected vehicles and covers architecture, components, and solutions, including scheduling, matching, mobility, pricing models of carpooling. We also discuss the current challenges in carpooling and identify future research directions. This survey is aimed to spur further discussion among the research community for the effective realization of carpooling.

scholarly journals Search-Based Planning and Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Systems and Robotics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Than Le
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Optimal Trajectory ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Autonomous Mobile Robots ◽  
Artificial Intelligent ◽  
Unstructured Environment ◽  
And Robotics ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Basic Prerequisite

<p>In this chapter, we address the competent Autonomous Vehicles should have the ability to analyze the structure and unstructured environments and then to localize itself relative to surrounding things, where GPS, RFID or other similar means cannot give enough information about the location. Reliable SLAM is the most basic prerequisite for any further artificial intelligent tasks of an autonomous mobile robots. The goal of this paper is to simulate a SLAM process on the advanced software development. The model represents the system itself, whereas the simulation represents the operation of the system over time. And the software architecture will help us to focus our work to realize our wish with least trivial work. It is an open-source meta-operating system, which provides us tremendous tools for robotics related problems.</p> <p>Specifically, we address the advanced vehicles should have the ability to analyze the structured and unstructured environment based on solving the search-based planning and then we move to discuss interested in reinforcement learning-based model to optimal trajectory in order to apply to autonomous systems.</p>

scholarly journals An eHealth Capabilities Framework for Graduates and Health Professionals: Mixed-Methods Study (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Brunner ◽  
Deborah McGregor ◽  
Melanie Keep ◽  
Anna Janssen ◽  
Heiko Spallek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Workforce Development ◽  
Curriculum Design ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Technology Implementation ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Health Technologies

BACKGROUND The demand for an eHealth-ready and adaptable workforce is placing increasing pressure on universities to deliver eHealth education. At present, eHealth education is largely focused on components of eHealth rather than considering a curriculum-wide approach. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to develop a framework that could be used to guide health curriculum design based on current evidence, and stakeholder perceptions of eHealth capabilities expected of tertiary health graduates. METHODS A 3-phase, mixed-methods approach incorporated the results of a literature review, focus groups, and a Delphi process to develop a framework of eHealth capability statements. RESULTS Participants (N=39) with expertise or experience in eHealth education, practice, or policy provided feedback on the proposed framework, and following the fourth iteration of this process, consensus was achieved. The final framework consisted of 4 higher-level capability statements that describe the learning outcomes expected of university graduates across the domains of (1) digital health technologies, systems, and policies; (2) clinical practice; (3) data analysis and knowledge creation; and (4) technology implementation and codesign. Across the capability statements are 40 performance cues that provide examples of how these capabilities might be demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study inform a cross-faculty eHealth curriculum that aligns with workforce expectations. There is a need for educational curriculum to reinforce existing eHealth capabilities, adapt existing capabilities to make them transferable to novel eHealth contexts, and introduce new learning opportunities for interactions with technologies within education and practice encounters. As such, the capability framework developed may assist in the application of eHealth by emerging and existing health care professionals. Future research needs to explore the potential for integration of findings into workforce development programs.

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