scholarly journals Digestibility and physico-chemical characteristics of acid silage meal made of pirarucu waste in diets for commercial laying hens

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Oscarina De Souza Batalha ◽  
Sonia Sena Alfaia ◽  
Frank George Guimarães Cruz ◽  
Rogério Souza de Jesus ◽  
João Paulo Ferreira Rufino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Physico Chemical

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of acid silage meal made of pirarucu waste in diets for commercial laying hens on apparent digestibility and energy metabolism. Seventy-two Hisex White hens with 71 weeks of age were assigned to a completely randomized with two treatments (control diet and diet with 3% pirarucu waste acid silage) with six replicates of six birds each. The ensiled biomass was light brown in color, showing acidified aroma; creamy consistency; 4.38±0.11 pH; 84.16% dry matter; 40.06% crude protein; 26.82% ether extract; 9.31% mineral matter, 65.16 g kg-1 calcium and 22.90 g kg-1 phosphorus. Differences (p > 0.05) were detected in digestibility of crude protein, non-fiber carbohydrates (soluble carbohydrates), etherextract, mineral matter, metabolizable energy and metabolizable energy coefficient. Our results indicate that the acid silage mealmade of pirarucu waste can be included up to 3% in diets for laying hens, showing satisfactory nutrient digestibility and potential to be used as an energy source. 

scholarly journals Açaí meal on diet digestibility for commercial laying hens

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e46926
Author(s):  
João Paulo Ferreira Rufino ◽  
Frank George Guimarães Cruz ◽  
Fábio Jacobs Dias ◽  
Ronner Joaquim Mendonça Brasil ◽  
Ana Rebeca Pires da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy

This study aimed to evaluate açaí meal in diets for commercial laying hens on apparent nutrient digestibility and apparent metabolizable energy. A total of 72 Hissex White laying hens (52-wks-old) were distributed in a completely randomized design, where treatments consisted of a control diet and an experimental diet (25% açaí meal) with six replicates of six birds each. Data collected were subjected to polynomial regression at 5%. Differences (p < 0.05) were detected in digestibility of all evaluated nutrients. Hens fed diets with 25% açaí meal presented worse (p < 0.05) metabolization and use of energy content. It can be concluded that hens fed diets containing açaí meal presented better use of crude protein, non-fiber carbohydrates and mineral matter. However, there was worse use of dry matter, fiber carbohydrates and ether extract. This result directly affected the energy metabolism of the birds. The inclusion of açaí meal reduced the energy use.

Effect of whole wheat levels in diet on production performance, egg quality and Nutrient digestibility of laying hens

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Saikhlai ◽  
T. Poeikhampha ◽  
C. Bunchasak ◽  
N. Krutthai ◽  
B. Chomtee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Whole Wheat ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Ground Corn

The experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of whole wheat on the production performance, egg quality, and nutrient digestibility when supplemented primarily at the expense of corn in ground corn-soybean meal control diets. The experiments utilized Lohmann Brown Classic laying hens from 45 to 53 wk of age. The results were shown that feeding 5, 10, 15, 20, or25% whole wheat in diet had no effect on the production performance and egg quality, whereas 15, 20, and 25% whole wheat in diet decreased the yolk color (based on the Roche color fan score) when compared with layers fed the control diet.Whole wheat level in diet had no effect on dry matter,organic matter digestibility, and apparent metabolizable energy when compared with laying hens fed the control diet. Therefore, whole wheat can be used at levels of up to 25% in laying hen diets without negatively affecting the production performance, but levels over 15% whole wheat decreased the yolk color.

scholarly journals Effects of fibre source on nutrient digestibility of diets for finishing lambs

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.F. Macdonald ◽  
O.B. Einkamerer ◽  
A. Hugo ◽  
A. Lepori ◽  
G.C. Josling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Concentration ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Maize Stover ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Ram Lambs

Inexpensive fibre sources might be used as an alternative to lucerne hay in diets for finishing lambs. Thus, effects of providing fibre from lucerne hay (LH), soyhulls (SH), maize stover (MS) and Eragrostis teff hay (ET) on the nutrient digestibility of diets of finishing lambs with comparable NDF and nutrient concentration were evaluated. Thirty-six individually housed Merino ram lambs (x̄ = 43.03, SD = 3.72 kg) were randomly allocated to four diets (n = 9 lambs/treatment). A digestibility study was conducted to determine the nutrient availability of these diets. Dry matter (DM) intake of SH (1436 g) was lower than ET (1716 g). No differences were recorded between treatments for digestibility of NDF (0.32 - 0.34), acid detergent fibre (ADF) (0.41 - 0.44), and ether extract (EE) (0.67 - 0.75), except that MS (0.23) had lower NDF digestibility. Digestibility of DM, organic matter (OM) and non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) were similar for the LH (0.72; 0.75; 0.96) and SH (0.70; 0.74; 0.95) diets, whereas digestibility of crude protein (CP) (0.71 vs. 0.68), metabolizable energy (ME) (9.49 vs. 8.90 MJ/kg DM), and the available ash fraction (0.39 vs. 0.28) were altered. The SH and ET (8.70 MJ/kg DM) treatments had similar ME concentrations, but ET had lower DM digestibility (0.68). The MS treatment had the lowest ME concentration (8.25 MJ/kg DM). The LH treatment resulted in overall better nutrient availability compared with SH, MS, and ET.

scholarly journals Prediction of metabolizable energy values in poultry offal meal for broiler chickens

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 2237-2245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edney Pereira da Silva ◽  
Carlos Bôa-Viagem Rabello ◽  
Luiz Fernando Teixeira Albino ◽  
Jorge Victor Ludke ◽  
Michele Bernardino de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
Gross Energy

This research aimed at generating and evaluating prediction equations to estimate metabolizable energy values in poultry offal meal. The used information refers to values of apparent and true metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn and TMEn) and for chemical composition of poultry offal meal. The literature review only included published papers on poultry offal meal developed in Brazil, and that had AMEn and TMEn values obtained by the total excreta collection method from growing broiler chickens and the chemical composition in crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), mineral matter (MM), gross energy (GE), calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P). The general equation obtained to estimate AMEn values of poultry offal meal was: AMEn = -2315.69 + 31.4439(CP) + 29.7697(MM) + 0.7689(GE) - 49.3611(Ca), R² = 72%. For meals with high fat contents (higher than 15%) and low mineral matter contents (lower than 10%), it is suggest the use of the equation AMEn = + 3245.07 + 46.8428(EE), R² = 76%, and for meals with high mineral matter content (higher than 10%), it is suggest the equations AMEn = 4059.15 - 440.397(P), R² = 82%. To estimate values of TMEn, it is suggested for meals with high mineral matter content the equation: TMEn = 5092.57 - 115.647(MM), R² = 78%, and for those with low contents of this component, the option is the equation: TMEn = 3617.83 - 15.7988(CP) - 18.2323(EE) - 96.3884(MM) + 0.4874(GE), R² = 76%.

scholarly journals Nutrient absorption in lambs fed diets containing different amounts of phosphorus

2013 ◽  
pp. 3444-3451
Author(s):  
René Patiño P ◽  
Tanimara Soares da Silva ◽  
José C. Da Silva Filho ◽  
Mohamed Emad Nasser ◽  
Dorinha Smith Vitti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Absorption Coefficients ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
Reliable Parameter

ABSTRACTObjective. Evaluate the effect of increasing P intake on nutrient digestibility, and compare the true and apparent absorption coefficients of P and Ca in lambs. Materials and methods. Twenty-four Santa Ines sheep, with an average weight of 33.6 ± 1.6 kg, were distributed into four treatments (0, 2, 4 and 6 g/day of supplementary P) with forage: concentrate ratio of 70:30. The study of apparent nutrient digestibility was conducted during the first week, using the total feces collection method. During the second week, after injection of 7.4 MBq of 32P and 7.7 MBq of 45Ca, apparent (AAC) and true (TAC) absorption coefficients of P and Ca were determined. The lambs were kept in metabolic cages. Results. The increase in P intake did not affect (p>0.05) dry matter, crude protein, NDF or ADF digestibility, but the TAC of P and Ca and mineral matter digestibility decreased. The AAC was not affected (p=0.10). A cubic relationship was observed between P intake and TAC (TAC=2.16–1.95X+0.55X2-0.04X3; R2=0.38) and linear relationship with the TAC of Ca (TAC=0.559–0.03X; R2=0.26). TAC and AAC values were different (p<0.001). Conclusions. The increase in P intake doesn’t impact organic matter digestibility, but does affect P and Ca absorption. Apparent digestibility is not a reliable parameter to determine the efficiency of P and Ca absorption.

330 3-nitrooxypropanol Supplementation of a Forage Diet Decreased Enteric Methane Emissions from Beef Cattle Without Affecting Apparent Total-tract Digestibility

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 186-187
Author(s):  
Aklilu Alemu ◽  
Xiu Min Zhang ◽  
Maik Kindermann ◽  
Karen A Beauchemin
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Ch4 Emissions ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Enteric Methane ◽  
Ruminant Diets ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
High Forage

Abstract Supplementation of ruminant diets with the investigational methane (CH4) inhibitor 3-nitrooxypropanol (3-NOP; DSM Nutritional Products, Switzerland) is as a promising mitigation strategy. However, most studies have examined high grain or mixed forage-concentrate diets. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementing a forage diet with 3-NOP on rumen fermentation, CH4 emissions and apparent total-tract nutrient digestibility. Eight ruminally cannulated beef heifers (BW = 514 kg) were randomly allocated to two treatments in a crossover design with 49-d periods. Dietary treatments were: control, high-forage diet (90% forage DM basis) without 3-NOP; and NOP, control diet supplemented with 150 mg 3-NOP/kg DM. After a 14-d diet adaption, dry matter (DM) intake (DMI) was recorded daily. Rumen contents were collected on days 17 and 28 for volatile fatty acid (VFA) analysis, whereas ruminal pH was continuously monitored from day 20 to 27. Diet digestibility was measured on day 38 to 41 by total collection of feces. Enteric CH4 emissions were measured on days 46 to 49 in chambers. Dry matter intake was lower (P = 0.001) for NOP (10.0 kg/d) as compared with control (10.2 kg/d). However, DM, neutral and acid detergent fiber, and crude protein digestibilities were similar between treatments (P ≥ 0.29). Although total VFA concentration was not affected by treatment (P = 0.19), the reduction in acetate and increase in propionate proportion for NOP lowered (P &lt; 0.001) the acetate to propionate ratio by 18% as compared with control. Mean pH was lower (P = 0.03) for control (6.46) than NOP (6.57). Furthermore, CH4 yield (g/kg DMI) was 21.6% less (P &lt; 0.001) for NOP relative to control (25.5 g/kg DMI). Overall, the results indicate that enteric CH4 emissions were effectively decreased with 3-NOP supplementation of a forage diet without affecting apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients.

scholarly journals Effects of copper hydroxychloride and distillers dried grains with solubles on intestinal microbial concentration and apparent ileal and total tract digestibility of energy and nutrients by growing pigs1

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (12) ◽  
pp. 4904-4911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charmaine D Espinosa ◽  
R Scott Fry ◽  
Matthew E Kocher ◽  
Hans H Stein
Keyword(s):  
Large Intestine ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Distillers Dried Grains ◽  
Gross Energy

Abstract An experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that Cu hydroxychloride improves nutrient digestibility and alters the concentration of microbial protein in the small intestine or large intestine by pigs fed a corn-soybean meal diet or a diet based on corn, soybean meal, and distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS). Twenty-four barrows (33.3 ± 3.4 kg) that had a T-cannula installed in the distal ileum were allotted to a 2 × 2 factorial design with 2 levels of DDGS (0% or 45%) and 2 levels of supplemental Cu from Cu hydroxychloride (0 or 150 mg/kg). A 2-period switch back design with the 4 diets and 6 replicate pigs per diet in each period was used resulting in 12 replicate pigs per diet for the 2 periods. The initial 9 d of each period was considered an adaptation period to the experimental diets. For each period, feces were collected on days 10, 11, and 12, and ileal digesta were collected for 8 h on days 13 and 14. Results indicated that inclusion of 45% DDGS to diets reduced (P &lt; 0.05) the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of AA and the AID and the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter, gross energy, and crude protein. In contrast, inclusion of DDGS to diets increased (P &lt; 0.05) the AID and the ATTD of acid hydrolyzed ether extract and the concentration of microbial protein in the hindgut (P &lt; 0.05). However, the total concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFA) in ileal digesta and in feces from pigs fed the DDGS diets were not different from concentrations in pigs fed diets without DDGS. The AID and ATTD of dry matter, gross energy, and crude protein were not affected by dietary Cu concentrations, but the AID and ATTD of acid hydrolyzed ether extract were greater (P &lt; 0.05) in diets supplemented with Cu hydroxychloride compared with diets without Cu hydroxychloride. There was also a reduction (P &lt; 0.05) in the concentration of microbial protein and a tendency for a reduction (P &lt; 0.10) in the total concentration of VFA in feces when diets were supplemented with Cu hydroxychloride. In conclusion, supplementation of Cu hydroxychloride to diets improved AID and ATTD of acid hydrolyzed ether extract and reduced the concentration of microbial protein in the large intestine and this effect was observed in diets containing DDGS as well as in diets without DDGS.

scholarly journals Nutrient Intake and digestibility of Rabbit does fed varying levels of concentrate and lablab during pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-287
Author(s):  
G. T. Iyeghe-Erakpotobor ◽  
A. A. Sekoni ◽  
L. O. Esievo
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Growth Requirement

Nulliparous crossbred does were used to study the effects of concentrate:lablab ratio (CL) and stage of pregnancy on nutrient intake and digestibility. Treatments consisted of four concentrate and lablab combinations on a gram:gram basis: 20:130, 40: 110, 80:70 and 100:50 and two stages of pregnancy: second and fourth week of pregnancy Concentrate intake increased as level increased up to 80g/day offered while lablab intake increased from 50 to 130g/day offered. Doe weight and metabolic size were similar for all treatments. Total feed intake was not affected by concentrate and lablab levels. Dry matter intake was lower for 100:50 CL than other treatments. Ether extract and crude fibre intakes decreased with increase in concentrate levels. Dry matter and nitrogen free extract digestibility were higher for 80:70 CL than other combinations. Crude fibre digestibility was higher for 80:70 than 40:110 and 100:50 CL Crude protein retention was higher for 80:70 than 20:130 and 100:50 CL. Fetal growth requirement, total protein requirement and balance of protein were high at 80:70 and 100:50 CL. During pregnancy, dry matter and all nutrients intake were higher in the second than fourth week. Ether extract, crude protein and nitrogen free extract digestibilities were lower in the second than fourth week of pregnancy. Fetal growth requirement and balance of protein were higher in the second than fourth week of pregnancy relationship between feed intake (g DM/day) and nutrient digestibility was negative. The relationship between feed intake (g DM/kg body weight/day) and feed intake (g DM/kg LW0.75/day) was however, positive for all the nutrients except crude protein. For the small scale rabbit producer in developing countries, it is feasible to maintain rabbits on combinations of concentrate and lablab during pregnancy

scholarly journals Fermentative characteristics and nutritional value of sugarcane silage added with two types of urea

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-194
Author(s):  
Wagner Sousa-Alves ◽  
João-Paulo S Rigueira ◽  
Marielly M Almeida-Moura ◽  
Diego L S De-Jesus ◽  
Flávio P Monção ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Yeast Growth ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Concentration Levels

Background: Dry matter (DM) loss is high in sugarcane silage due to its high content of soluble carbohydrates which favors yeast growth and ethanol production, thus reducing the nutritional value of the preserved forage. Objective: To determine the effect of adding two types of urea at two concentration levels to sugarcane silage on the nutritional value and fermentative characteristics of the silage. Methods: A completely randomized 2×2+1 factorial design was used, based on two types of urea (conventional and protected), two urea concentration (0.5 and 1.0% of the natural matter), and a control (sugarcane silage with no additives). Six replicates were used. The mixture was placed in PVC silos and opened after 60 days. Results: There was no difference in DM content or effluent losses by the addition of urea. In regards to neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and lignin, decreased levels were observed compared to the control, regardless of urea type. Urea type and concentration had an effect on ammoniacal nitrogen content, with higher values for conventional urea, but not affecting the pH. The addition of urea to sugarcane silage reduced gas losses and raised the levels of crude protein, ether extract, and effective degradability. Conclusion: Adding protected or conventional urea at 1% of natural matter at the time of sugarcane ensiling reduces gas losses and improves nutritional composition of the silage.

Influence of level of maize cob meal on nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance in Large White, Mukota and LW × M F1 crossbred pigs

2002 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.T. Kanengoni ◽  
K. Dzama ◽  
M. Chimonyo ◽  
J. Kusina ◽  
S.M. Maswaure
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Large White ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Maize Cob ◽  
Crossbred Pigs

AbstractA study was conducted to compare the digestibility of organic matter (OM), neutral-detergent fibre (NDF), acid-detergent fibre (ADF), hemicellulose and nitrogen (N) and N balance in Mukota (M), Large White (LW) and the LW × M F1 pigs. Four male pigs of each breed, at proportionately 0·3 of their mature body weights, were randomly allocated to each of four diets in a cross-over design. The diets, which were formulated to contain similar levels of protein (ca. 160 g crude protein per kg) and energy (ca. 9 MJ metabolizable energy per kg), contained 0, 100, 200 and 300 g maize cob meal per kg, which corresponded to NDF levels of 276·4, 360·3, 402·9 and 523·5 g/kg dry matter, respectively. There was a negative correlation (P < 0·001) between the digestibility of OM, NDF, ADF and hemicellulose and the level of NDF in the diet. The digestibility of OM, NDF, ADF and hemicellulose decreased linearly (P < 0·05) with increase in the level of NDF among all three genotypes. There was a genotype × diet interaction on NDF and ADF digestibilities with digestibility in the LW decreasing faster (P < 0·05) than in the Mukota and LW × M F1 cross with increasing NDF. Both breed and level of maize cob meal affected N digestibility (P < 0·001), whilst the N retained per unit metabolic body weight was only affected by diet (P < 0·01). Increasing the level of maize cob meal beyond 100 g/kg, however, did not reduce N digestibility (P < 0·05). There was neither genotype nor dietary effect (P > 0·05) on N retained per unit N intake. These findings showed that the Mukota and the LW × M F1 cross were better able to digest the fibrous components than the LW. In addition, the Mukota and the LW × M F1 cross displayed an ability to retain protein to the same extent as the LW.

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