scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF COLLECTIVE ACTIONS OF BEEF CATTLE PRODUCERS IN THE MIDWEST OF BRAZIL

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-63
Author(s):  
Roberta Luiza Gomes Maia ◽  
Silvia Morales de Queiroz Caleman
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Transaction Cost Economics ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Collective Actions ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Collective Goods ◽  
Midwest Region ◽  
Productive Systems ◽  
Interest Organizations

Contrary to common-sense beliefs that beef cattle producers have difficulties in cooperating among themselves, cooperation initiatives can be noticed in Brazil, especially in the Midwest region. Built on a theoretical framework of Collective Actions and Transaction Cost Economics (TCE), this work analyzes the horizontal cooperation pattern of beef cattle producers in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul (MS). We focused on Private Interest Organizations (PIOs) with the purpose of identifying typologies and analyzing beef collective actions efficiency. Case studies with seven PIOs conducted through semi-structured interviews exhibits the efficiency of these organizations regarding the ability to provide collective goods, which vary according to their organizational aspects and typology. Results points out that PIOs were founded to contribute in technology and professionalization, increasing competitiveness and access to new markets, coordinating productive systems, reducing transaction costs among agents, modifying the institutional environment, and, finally, altering the behavior of bovine meat consumers.

scholarly journals Dinâmicas do processo de governança e coordenação dos agentes que compõem um destino de turismo sustentável, no Centro-Oeste brasileiro

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milton Augusto Pasquotto Mariani ◽  
Dyego de Oliveira Arruda ◽  
Maria Claudia Mancuelho Malta
Keyword(s):  
Transaction Cost ◽  
Transaction Cost Economics ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Governance Structures ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
City Tourism ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

A atividade turística, para que seja planejada e desenvolvida, necessita da participação e de uma série de agentes dos mais variados setores econômicos, os quais devem coordenar-se de forma sistêmica para o sucesso dos produtos turísticos. Partindo desta premissa, o presente estudo tem como objetivo geral analisar as dinâmicas de coordenação e estruturas de governança entre agentes envolvidos na operacionalização do sistema turístico de Bonito, no Mato Grosso do Sul – um dos mais relevantes destinos de ecoturismo nacionais e regionais. Utilizou-se, para tanto, a transação como unidade de análise, partindo do referencial teórico da Economia dos Custos de Transação (ECT), particularmente no que tange à importância dos atributos da transação, dos pressupostos comportamentais e do ambiente institucional na coordenação e governança entre agentes econômicos. Foram pesquisadas agências de turismo de Bonito; atrativos turísticos; guias de turismo; além de representantes do ambiente institucional local/regional. Notou-se, a partir da apuração dos resultados levantados com entrevistas e análise de conteúdo, que os agentes investigados estabelecem formas híbridas de governança, com um contrato explícito (Voucher Único), além de contratos tácitos embasados em relações de confiança e proximidade, que garantem todo o funcionamento e a eficiência do sistema turístico em questão. Sugere-se, à guisa de maiores conclusões, que outros sistemas turísticos, à luz do caso de Bonito, também poderiam estabelecer mecanismos de ordenamento e coordenação de suas respectivas atividades de turismo, contribuindo para a ampliação da eficiência e da perenidade desta importante atividade socioeconômica. Dynamics of governance process and coordination of agents that compose a sustainable tourism destination in the brazilian Midwest ABSTRACT Tourism activity, to be planned and developed, requires the participation of a significant number of agents of the most varied economic sectors, which should coordinate themselves in a systemic way for the success of tourism products. Based on that premise, the present study has as main objective to analyze the dynamics of coordination and governance structures between agents involved in the operation of the tourism system of Bonito, in Mato Grosso do Sul/Brazil - one of the most relevant national and regional ecotourism destinations. In this work, we used the transaction as the unit of analysis, based on the theoretical framework of the Transaction Cost Economics (TCE), particularly regarding the importance of attributes of transactions, behavioral assumptions of agents and importance of institutional environment in the coordination and governance between economic agents. We surveyed, in Bonito city, tourism agencies; tourist attractions; tour guides; and representatives of local and regional institutional environment. We noted, from the results collected with interviews and content analysis, that agents investigated establish hybrid forms of governance, with an explicit contract (the named 'Single Voucher'), and tacit agreements grounded on trust and closeness of agents, that ensure the eficience and all dynamics of the tourism system under analysis. It is suggested that other tourism systems, based in the case of Bonito city, could also establish mechanisms for planning and coordination of their respective tourism activities, contributing to the expansion of the efficiency and sustainability of this important socioeconomic activity. KEYWORDS: Tourism System; Transaction Cost Economics (TCE); Governance Structures; Coordination.

Six-Year Trend Analysis of Nosocomial Candidemia and Risk factors in Two Intensive Care Hospitals in Mato Grosso, Midwest Region of Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 176 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 409-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Dias Hoffmann-Santos ◽  
Claudete Rodrigues Paula ◽  
Ana Caroline Akeme Yamamoto ◽  
Tomoko Tadano ◽  
Rosane C. Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Midwest Region ◽  
Nosocomial Candidemia

Assessing the economic viability of integrated crop−livestock systems in Mato Grosso, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 631-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Júlio César dos Reis ◽  
Mariana Y. T. Kamoi ◽  
Daniel Latorraca ◽  
Rafael F. F. Chen ◽  
Miqueias Michetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Production System ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Livestock Systems

AbstractPopulation growth and rising incomes have led to increasing global demand for meat products. Meeting this demand without converting remaining natural ecosystems or further degrading ecosystems is one of the largest global sustainability challenges. A critical step to overcoming this challenge is to increase the productivity of livestock grazing systems, which occupy the largest land area of any type of agriculture globally. Integrated crop−livestock systems (iCL), which re-couple crop and livestock production at the farm scale, have been considered a promising strategy to tackle this challenge by restoring degraded pasturelands and providing supplemental nutrition to livestock. However, few studies have analyzed the economic viability of such systems, especially in Brazil, an important player in global food systems. This paper presents an economic analysis of iCL in Mato Grosso, Brazil, the largest grain and beef producer in the country, which spans the ecologically diverse Amazon, Cerrado and Pantanal biomes. We compare the economic performance of an integrated soybean/corn and beef cattle system to a continuous crop (soybean/corn) system and a continuous livestock (beef cattle) production system from 2005 to 2012. We use empirical case study data to characterize a ‘typical’ farm for each production system within the study region. We find that the integrated crop−livestock system has a higher annual net present value (NPV) per hectare (ha) than continuous cropping or livestock under a range of discount rates. However, under a scenario of substantially higher crop prices, the continuous cropping outperforms iCL. While iCL is not feasible in all regions of the Amazon and Cerrado, our results indicate that in places where the biophysical and market conditions are suitable for production, it could be a highly profitable way to intensify cattle production and potentially spare land for other uses, including conservation. Nevertheless, additional credit and technical support may be needed to overcome high upfront costs and informational barriers to increase iCL areas as a sustainable development strategy for agriculture in the Amazon and Cerrado regions.

Intentional and emergent strategies: Analyzing the motivational and structural dynamics in online communications of political interest organizations

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Nitschke ◽  
Patrick Donges
Keyword(s):  
Structural Dynamics ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Political Interest ◽  
Alternative View ◽  
Political Organizations ◽  
Online Communications ◽  
Interest Organizations ◽  
Dynamic Interplay

This article focuses on the motivational and structural dynamics of the online communication of political interest organizations. Instead of describing political interest organizations as fully rational players, we develop a theoretical framework that establishes an alternative view of political interest organizations by characterizing them as actors that are also dependent on their institutional environment. The basic assumption of this framework is that there is no unidirectional relationship between motives and structures and the online communication activities. Instead, there is a dynamic interplay of motives, structures, environmental conditions, and online communication. Against this theoretical framework, we discuss the findings from an interview study with communication executives of political interest organizations. The aim of this study was not to resolve the debate on whether political organizations communicate ‘strategically’ or not. Instead, we examined the motivational and structural dynamics that constitute the organizations’ online communications efforts.

scholarly journals Nurses and the collective care practices within the family health strategy: salud de la familia

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cinira Magali Fortuna ◽  
Silvia Matumoto ◽  
Maria José Bistafa Pereira ◽  
Silvana Martins Mishima ◽  
Lauren Suemi Kawata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Collective Actions ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Work Processes ◽  
Health Strategy ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Health Strategy ◽  
Care Practices ◽  
Analyze Data

This qualitative study identifies and analyzes the practices of nurses regarding collective care interventions in the context of the Family Health Strategy (FHS) and its knowledge development. Semi-structured interviews were held with nurses working in the FHS and thematic analysis was used to analyze data. The theoretical framework was based on the theories of institutional analysis and work processes. The results are arranged into two main themes: Conceptions that support collective care practices and Practices of nurses in collective care. The conclusion is that nurses actively participate both in proposing, coordinating, performing and monitoring these collective actions, though they are still predominantly guided by the traditional approach to health in general and specifically to health education.

scholarly journals Exploring the intersections: researchers and communication professionals' perspectives on the organizational role of science communication

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaisu Koivumäki ◽  
Clare Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Science Communication ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organizational Influences ◽  
Research Organizations ◽  
Funding Policies ◽  
Negative Impacts

PurposeThis paper reports on research exploring the intersections between researchers and communication professionals' perspectives on the objectives, funders and organizational influences on their science communication practices.Design/methodology/approachExamining one context, the inter-organizational BCDC Energy Research project based at five different research organizations in Finland, this paper presents data from semi-structured interviews with 17 researchers and 15 communication professionals.FindingsThe results suggest that performance-based funding policies that drive the proliferation of large-scale research projects can create challenges. In particular, a challenge arises in generating a shared sense of identity and purpose amongst researchers and communication professionals. This may have unintended negative impacts on the quality and cohesiveness of the science communication which occurs.Research limitations/implicationsThe study was exploratory in nature and focuses on one organizational and institutional environment. Further research with a wider number of projects, as well as funders, would be conducive to a greater understanding of the issues involved.Practical implicationsOn a practical level, this research suggests that the creation of clearer communications awareness and guidance may be helpful in some large-scale projects, particularly involving broad numbers of organizations, individual researchers and funders.Originality/valueThis is one of the first studies examining the perspectives of both researchers and communication professionals working over one project, drawing together a range of different institutional and disciplinary perspectives. The results highlight the importance of the influences of funding on science communication aims, assumptions, cultures and structures. The article articulates the need for further research in this area.

scholarly journals Institutional permissiveness in the context of government-business relations

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1073-1092
Author(s):  
André Luiz Castro de Sousa ◽  
Robson Silva Soe Rocha ◽  
Mônica Cavalcanti Sá de Abreu
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Longitudinal Case Study ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Government Relations ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
The Government

Purpose - This article explores the extent to which business–government relations permeate socially irresponsible business activities. While existing theory provides traction in explaining the strength of the pressures to conform that emanate from the institutional environment, it does not adequately explain the conditions under which businesses might exercise discretion in choosing whether or not to conform to local standards of appropriateness and how local actors organize their responses accordingly. Methodology - The empirical evidence is based on an in-depth longitudinal case study developed in an industrial district of Fortaleza, Brazil. Data were collected from three sources, including semi-structured interviews. An inductive thematic analysis of narratives was conducted to investigate the interactions between the different institutional actors and their experiences of institutional change and renegotiation. Findings - It was found that the institutionalized forms of business–government relations are fundamentally permissive and personalized, being based on meeting specific and mutually opportunistic demands. We show that institutional permissiveness can make it possible for large firms to dominate an industrial area and force the government to reduce law enforcement. We demonstrate the historical evolution of forms of the appropriation of space and natural resources. Originality - Our theoretical contribution is to the concept of institutional permissiveness. Unlike other institutional streams, we argue that the concept of the institutional void is inadequate to the task of understanding business–government relations in emerging markets. We show how an institutional configuration can emerge that sustains the power relations and resource appropriations that reproduce social relations distinct from those found in the Anglo-American institutional environment, which does not configure institutional voids.

scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DO DESEMPENHO REPRODUTIVO DE VACAS NA REGIÃO DO PANTANAL SUL-MATO-GROSSENSE SUBMETIDAS A IATF Com Aplicação De GnRH

Nativa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-285
Author(s):  
Gabriel Rodrigo Hass Perucchi ◽  
Gabriela de Souza Sartori ◽  
Richarlla Aparecida Buscariol Silva ◽  
Murilo da Silva Garcia ◽  
Rodrigo José Delgado Jardim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Timed Artificial Insemination ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

A Inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF) está se difundindo no Brasil, pois contribui para o aumento da produtividade. O objetivo neste trabalho foi avaliar o uso do GnRH em protocolos de IATF de vacas criadas no pantanal Sul-mato-grossense. Participaram da pesquisa 531 vacas paridas da raça Nelore, que foram avaliadas de acordo com o escore de condição corporal (ECC), submetidas a três tipos de protocolos de IATF (lote 1, 2 e 3). Após 40 dias da inseminação artificial foi realizado diagnóstico de gestação. As matrizes que não receberam GnRH no lote 1 (estro aparente), lote 2 (estro parcial) e lote 3 (sem apresentação de estro) apresentaram, respectivamente 55,4%, 19,2% e 25,9% de prenhez, enquanto as que receberam o fármaco apresentaram 48,6%, 37,2% e 38,8%. Relacionado ao ECC, pode-se observar que a maior taxa de prenhez ocorreu em animais com ECC 3. Primíparas apresentaram melhor taxa de prenhez quando receberam GnRH independente do ECC. Concluiu-se que o uso de GnRH mostrou-se eficiente para melhoria da taxa de prenhez principalmente em primíparas, assim como nos animais que não apresentaram estro ou apresentaram estro parcial, e que matrizes com ECC 3 apresentaram melhores taxas de prenhez que vacas com escore inferior. Palavras-chave: bovino de corte; inseminação artificial em tempo fixo; produtividade; GnRH; Nelore.   Evaluation of cow reproductive performance in the region of Mato Grosso do Sul swamp submitted to TAI with GnRH application   ABSTRACT: The technique of timed artificial insemination (TAI) is spreading in Brazil, as it contributes to the increase of productivity. The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of GnRH in TAI protocols of cows raised in the swamp of Mato Grosso do Sul. 531 Nelore breed calved cows participate in the survey, which were evaluated according to the body condition score (BCS), and then performed three types of TAI protocols (batch 1, 2 and 3). After 40 days of the insemination, a pregnancy diagnosis was made. The matrices that did not receive GnRH in batch 1 (apparent oestrus), batch 2 (partial oestrus) and batch 3 (no oestrus presentation) presented respectively 55.4%, 19.2% and 25.9% of pregnancy, while those receiving the drug showed 48.6%, 37.2% and 38.8%. Related to BCS, it can be observed that the highest pregnancy rate occurred in animals with BCS 3. Primiparous had a better pregnancy rate when receiving GnRH regardless of BCS. It was concluded that the use of GnRH was efficient to improve the pregnancy rate mainly in primiparous as well as animals that showed no oestrus or partial oestrus, and matrices with BCS 3 had better pregnancy rates than cows with lower scores. Keywords: beef cattle; timed artificial insemination; productivity; GnRH; Nelore.

scholarly journals Improve Pasture or Feed Grain? Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Profitability, and Resource Use for Nelore Beef Cattle in Brazil’s Cerrado and Amazon Biomes

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1386
Author(s):  
Luana Molossi ◽  
Aaron Kinyu Hoshide ◽  
Lorena Machado Pedrosa ◽  
André Soares de Oliveira ◽  
Daniel Carneiro de Abreu
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Livestock Feed ◽  
Extensive Grazing ◽  
Pasture Fertilization

Economic development, international food and feed demand, and government policies have converted Brazil’s natural ecosystems into agricultural land. The Integrated Farm System Model (IFSM) was evaluated using production, economic, and weather data collected on two cooperating farms in the Legal Amazon and Cerrado biomes in the Midwest state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Three sustainable agricultural intensification strategies, namely grain supplementation, pasture re-seeding, and pasture fertilization were simulated in IFSM with double the beef cattle stocking density compared to extensive grazing. Livestock dry matter consumption simulated in IFSM was similar for pasture grazing estimates and actual feed consumed by beef cattle on the two collaborating farms. Grain supplementation best balanced beef production and profitability with lower carbon footprint compared to extensive grazing, followed by pasture fertilization and pasture re-seeding. However, pasture re-seeding and fertilization had greater use of water and energy and more nitrogen losses. Human edible livestock feed use was greatest for grain supplementation compared to other modeled systems. While grain supplementation appears more favorable economically and environmentally, greater use of human edible livestock feed may compete with future human food needs. Pasture intensification had greater human edible feed conversion efficiency, but its greater natural resource use may be challenging.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document